Anaerobic biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons of a fuel oil contaminated aquifer

2010 ◽  
Vol 150 ◽  
pp. 254-254
Author(s):  
D. Todorovic ◽  
A.P. Loibner ◽  
K.S. Scherr
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Anaerobic Biodegradation ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Contaminated Aquifer

Canine Oil Detection (K9-SCAT) following 2015 Releases from the T/V Arrow Wreck

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (1) ◽  
pp. 2620-2641 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.H. Owens ◽  
H.C. Dubach ◽  
P. Bunker ◽  
S. MacDonald ◽  
Z. Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Support Surface ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Residual Oil ◽  
High Confidence ◽  
Capability Of Detection ◽  
Trained Observers ◽  
Coverage Rates

Abstract The T/V Arrow sank in 1970, spilling Bunker C fuel oil into Chedabucto Bay, Nova Scotia. In the summer and fall of 2015, residual oil leaked from the sunken vessel and re-oiled shorelines in the Bay. A K9-SCAT field study, funded by Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC), was conducted in June 2016 to assess the capability of detection canines to locate stranded oil following the new releases. The canine detected small amounts of weathered surface oil that were barely visible, and in some cases, not visible, to the SCAT-trained observers, as well as subsurface oil on mixed- and coarse-sediment beaches. The average speed of a survey, in terms of the length of shoreline covered, varied depending on the shore type and the width of the survey band. The most challenging site was a steep bedrock shoreline with an alongshore survey rate of 0.2 linear km/hour. Typical alongshore coverage rates for the wide, mixed sediment were in the range 0.7 to 1.2 linear km/hour, and for both straight, wide sand beaches were 1.2 km/hour. The highest alongshore rate was 2.4 linear km/hour for the narrow beach on Janvrin Island. The successful detection of 2015 T/V Arrow cargo oil (both naturally stranded and intentionally planted) on selected Chedabucto Bay shorelines indicates that there is a low risk, high confidence level that the canine did not miss subsurface oil, although that possibility may exist. Where the canine made an alert and no surface oil was visible, chemical analyses of sediment samples indicated that weathered petroleum hydrocarbons were present at those locations and, therefore, the canine had made correct alerts. The results provide further “proof of concept” for K9-SCAT teams to support surface and subsurface oil detection during traditional shoreline assessment surveys.

scholarly journals Quantitative and qualitative analysis of contaminating hydrocarbons in the Gulf of Santiago de Cuba by gas chromatography

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-104
Author(s):  
Liliana Mesa ◽  
José Falcón ◽  
Alexander Mulet ◽  
Juan Castellanos
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Degree Of Contamination ◽  
Santiago De Cuba ◽  
Thermoelectric Power Plant

The coasts of Cuba are exposed to damage caused by the contamination by petroleum hydrocarbons. The coastal strip of the Gulf of Santiago de Cuba is an example of natural resources deterioration due to this contamination, which appears as one of its main environmental problems. In the present work, using gas chromatography, quantitative and qualitative analysis were performed based on the retention time values and the area under the chromatogram curve, which allowed characterizing the degree of contamination at four points of the bay of Santiago de Cuba: playa La Estrella (P1), “Guillermón Moncada” Port (P2) “Hermanos Díaz” Oil Refinery (P3), “Antonio Maceo” Thermoelectric Power Plant RENTE (P4). Retention times of individual peaks in chromatograms of individual samples with several standards, thus obtaining the types of hydrocarbons present at each point, with points P2 and P3 being the ones with the highest pollutant and the highest concentration by peak height. Fuel oil turned out to be the most polluting agent present in the bay.

Microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in estuarine sediment of Tama River in Tokyo urban aera

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 69-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akiko Yamane ◽  
Koji Sakakibara ◽  
Masaaki Hosomi ◽  
Akihiko Murakami
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Anaerobic Biodegradation ◽  
Estuarine Sediment ◽  
Aerobic Biodegradation ◽  
Aerobic Degradation ◽  
Sediment Slurry ◽  
Normal Water ◽  
Hydrocarbon Utilizing Bacteria ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

Aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation rates of petroleum hydrocarbons, i.e., hexadecane (HEX), phenanthrene (PHE), and anthracene (ANT), were determined in estuarine sediment of the Tama River in urban Tokyo, followed by estimating their respective degradation potential. While in a sediment slurry, the aerobic biodegradation rates of these petroleum hydrocarbons ranged from 40 to 70 μg·g−1 dry sediment· day−1. The anaerobic biodegradation rate of HEX was found to be 5 - 8 μg·g−1 dry sediment· day−1, whereas that of PHE and ANT could not be detected following a 2-month incubation. Aerobic degradation of HEX was not affected by coexistence with either PHE or ANT, nor by the salinity level. The number of HEX-, PHE-, or ANT-utilizing bacteria ranged from 5 - 10% of the total number of aerobic heterotrophic bacteria. We calculated their biodegradation potentials using the biomass of naturally existing petroleum hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria present in the sampled sediment, with results for HEX, PHE, and ANT being 1.0 − 3.5, 4.2 × 10−2, and 1.2 × 10−2 − 9.4 × 10−1 μg·g−1 dry sediment· day−1, respectively. In the aerobic tidal sediment of the Tama River, the purification potentials of HEX, PHE, and ANT were assessed to be approximately equal to their accumulation potentials occurring at the normal water level.

BIOAVAILABILITY OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS FROM WATER, SEDIMENTS, AND DETRITUS TO THE MARINE ANNELID, NEANTHES ARENACEODENTATA

1977 ◽  
Vol 1977 (1) ◽  
pp. 621-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven S. Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Magnification Factor ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Tissue Concentrations ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Sediment Particles ◽  
Marine Worms

ABSTRACT Uptake, retention, metabolism, and depuration of diaromatic hydrocarbons by the polychaete, Neanthes arenaceodentata, were examined in experiments utilizing seawater solutions and sediments contaminated with either No. 2 fuel oil water-soluble fractions or radio-labelled naphthalenes. Polychaetes rapidly accumulate 14C-naphthalene (magnification factor = 40X) from solution during short-term exposure (24 hr). Worms slowly released hydrocarbons accumulated during acute exposure down to undetectable levels (<0.05 ppm) within 300 hours after return to clean seawater. 14C-naphthalene accumulated from solution was metabolized by polychaetes, and associated microflora apparently play no role in uptake, release, or metabolism. Analyses of worms held for 28 days in clay-silt sediments artificially contaminated with No. 2 fuel oil (9 μg total naphthalenes/g wet sediment) indicate that naphthalenes were not accumulated by worms at tissue concentrations above 0.1 ppm. Polychaetes likewise failed to accumulate 14C-methylnaphthalene from ingestion of contaminated detritus (10-15 μg 14C-methylnaphthalene/g dry detritus) for 16 consecutive days. These data suggest that petroleum hydrocarbons bound to sediment particles or particulate organic matter are less available to marine worms than those in solution.

Interagency Investigations of a Persistent Oil Spill on the Washington Coast: Animal Population Studies, Hydrocarbon Uptake by Marine Organisms, and Algae Response Following the Grounding of the Troopship GENERAL M. C. MEIGS

1973 ◽  
Vol 1973 (1) ◽  
pp. 793-808
Author(s):  
Robert C. Clark, Jr. ◽  
John S. Finley ◽  
Benjamin G. Patten ◽  
Dennis F. Stefani ◽  
Edward E. DeNike
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Qualitative Evaluation ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Shelf Area ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Biological Damage ◽  
Intertidal Community ◽  
Upper Intertidal ◽  
Basic Characteristics

ABSTRACT An interagency team of biologists, chemists, oceanographers and engineers has been investigating the long-term effects of oil spilled by the grounding of the troopship GENERAL M. C. MEIGS January 6, 1972, on an ocean coast intertidal community of plants and animals. Oil has continuously been released from the 440,000 liters of Navy Special Fuel Oil carried by the vessel. The team assessed biological damage by making 1) surveys of abundance and physiological condition of animals, 2) qualitative evaluation of obvious damage to plants, and 3) measurements of the hydrocarbon uptake in both plants and animals. A series of sites, forming a vertical profile of the rocky shelf area from the upper intertidal zone to the lowest low tide level in Wreck Cove, have been studied. This report describes the preliminary findings of the first ten months (January-October, 1972) of the investigation. Abnormal and dead urchins (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus) indicated that this species was affected. Loss of fronds and bleached thalli not evident in control areas were observed in the plant community in the immediate vicinity of the hulk. Petroleum hydrocarbons were taken up in the intertidal community. The normal paraffin hydrocarbon patterns and content over the range n-C14 H30 to n-C37H76 of healthy-appearing goose barnacles (Mitella polymerus), crabs (Hemigrapsus nudus) and an alga (Fucus gardneri) display the same basic characteristics as the fuel oil which had been lost from the GENERAL M. C. MEIGS.

Suspended Load and Solubility Affect Sedimentation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Controlled Estuarine Ecosystems

1983 ◽  
Vol 40 (S2) ◽  
pp. s54-s62 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. Gearing ◽  
P. J. Gearing
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Sediment Traps ◽  
Suspended Particles ◽  
Suspended Load ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Mixed System ◽  
Mixing Energy ◽  
Control Microcosm ◽  
Regular Manner

The concentrations of No. 2 fuel oil and a suite of hydrocarbons with varying chemical properties (perhydrofluorene, pristane, biphenyl, 1-methylnaphthalene, 9-methylanthracene, and pyrene) were measured over time in the water column, on suspended particles, and in the sediments of two controlled microcosms receiving different amounts of mixing energy. The initial aqueous concentrations of the No. 2 fuel oil and other hydrocarbons were 330–500 μg/L and 0.80–10.8 μg/L, respectively. The levels of suspended particles were 3–5 mg/L in the control microcosm and up to 160 mg/L in the highly mixed system. The simulated storm made no major difference in the overall fate of the hydrocarbons. The concentration on particles collected in sediment traps was considerably lower in the tank with high suspended loads, and roughly equal amounts of hydrocarbons were eventually measured in the sediments of each microcosm. The percentage sedimented and residence time in the sediment varied with the lipophilicity and degradability of each hydrocarbon. Fifty percent or more of the least soluble hydrocarbons (aromatics with three or more rings, and saturates) were transported to the sediments. Most of the saturates were more persistent in the sediment than the two-ring aromatics. Aromatics of this class with additional substituent aliphatic groups showed increases in their degrees of sorption and sedimentary residence times in a regular manner. Three- and four-ringed aromatics were similar to the saturates in their sedimentary behavior. After 23 wk, the sediments contained a reduced but still significant fraction (~1/7) of the added petroleum hydrocarbons, enriched in branched and cyclic saturates and high molecular weight aromatics.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document