Fabrication, optimization and characterization of Triamcinolone acetonide loaded nanostructured lipid carriers for topical treatment of psoriasis: Application of Box Behnken design, in vitro and ex vivo studies

Background: Background: Olanzapine belongs to a new class of dual spectrum antipsychotic agents. It is known to show promise in managing both the positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Drug delivery systems based on nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) are expected to provide rapid nose-to-brain transport of this drug and improved distribution into and within the brain. Objective: The present study deals with the preparation and evaluation of olanzapine loaded NLC via the intranasal route for schizophrenia. Methods: Olanzapine-NLC were formulated through the solvent injection method using isopropyl alcohol as the solvent, stearic acid as solid lipid, and oleic acid as liquid lipid, chitosan as a coating agent, and Poloxamer 407 as a surfactant. NLC were characterized for particle size, polydispersity index, entrapment efficiency, pH, viscosity, X-ray diffraction studies, in-vitro mucoadhesion study, in- vitro release and ex-vivo permeation studies. The shape and surface morphology of the prepared NLC was determined through transmission electron microscopy. To detect the interaction of the drug with carriers, compatibility studies were also carried out. Results: Average size and polydispersity index of developed formulation S6 was 227.0±6.3 nm and 0.460 respectively. The encapsulation efficiency of formulation S6 was found to be 87.25 %. The pH, viscosity, in-vitro mucoadhesion study, and in- vitro release of optimized olanzapine loaded NLC were recorded as 5.7 ± 0.05, 78 centipoise, 15±2 min, and 91.96 % respectively. In ex-vivo permeation studies, the percent drug permeated after 210 min was found to be 84.03%. Conclusion: These results reveal potential application of novel olanzapine-NLC in intranasal drug delivery system for treatment of schizophrenia.

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Distribution of Triamcinolone Acetonide after Intravitreal Injection into Silicone Oil-Filled Eye

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2016/5485467 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Ma Da ◽

Kenneth K. W. Li ◽

Kevin C. Chan ◽

Ed X. Wu ◽

David S.H. Wong

Keyword(s):

Triamcinolone Acetonide ◽

Silicone Oil ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Video Camera ◽

Glass Bottle ◽

Mri Scans ◽

Drug Reservoir ◽

Silicone Oil Tamponade ◽

Vitrectomy Surgery

There is increasing use of the vitreous cavity as a reservoir for drug delivery. We study the intraocular migration and distribution of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) after injection into silicone oil tamponade agent during and after vitrectomy surgeryex vivo(pig eye) andin vitro(glass bottle). Forex vivoassessment, intraocular migration of TA was imaged using real-time FLASH MRI scans and high-resolution T2W imaging and thein vitromodel was monitored continuously with a video camera. Results of theex vivoexperiment showed that the TA droplet sank to the interface of silicone oil and aqueous almost immediately after injection and remained inside the silicone oil bubble for as long as 16 minutes. Thein vitroresults showed that, after the shrinkage of the droplet, TA gradually precipitated leaving only a lump of whitish crystalline residue inside the droplet for about 100 minutes. TA then quickly broke the interface and dispersed into the underlying aqueous within 15 seconds, which may result in a momentary increase of local TA concentration in the aqueous portion and potentially toxic to the retina. Our study suggests that silicone oil may not be a good candidate as a drug reservoir for drugs like TA.

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