scholarly journals Social context shapes neural processing of others’ actions in 9-month-old infants

2022 ◽  
Vol 213 ◽  
pp. 105260
Author(s):  
Marlene Meyer ◽  
Haerin Chung ◽  
Ranjan Debnath ◽  
Nathan Fox ◽  
Amanda L. Woodward
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Neural Processing ◽  
Context Shapes

Shared attention amplifies the processing of emotional faces

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arianna Schiano Lomoriello ◽  
Mattia Doro ◽  
Paola Sessa ◽  
Ivana Konvalinka
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Neural Processing ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Shared Attention ◽  
The Social ◽  
Early Posterior Negativity ◽  
Shared Context

Previous studies have shown that sharing an experience, without communicating, affects people’s subjective perception of the experience, often by intensifying it. However, the effect of shared experience on the underlying neural processing of information is not well understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the neural mechanisms underlying shared attention by implementing a dual- EEG study where participants were required to attend to and judge the intensity of neutral, angry and happy faces, simultaneously or independently. In order to study whether the presence of another individual modulates an individual's perception and processing of facial expressions, we implemented three experimental conditions: 1) participants performed the task alone, in the absence of a social context (unshared condition), 2) participants performed the task simultaneously next to each other in pairs, without receiving feedback about the other participant's responses (shared no feedback) and 3) participants performed the task simultaneously while receiving the feedback (shared with feedback). We focused on two face-sensitive ERP components: the N170 and the Early Posterior Negativity (EPN). We found that the amplitude of the N170 was greater in the shared with feedback condition compared to the other conditions, reflecting a top-down effect of shared attention on the structural encoding of faces, irrespective of valence. In addition, the EPN was significantly greater in both shared context conditions compared to the unshared condition, reflecting an enhanced attention allocation in the processing of emotional content of faces, modulated by the social context. Behaviourally, we found a modulation on the perceived intensity of the neutral faces only when participants received the feedback of the other person’s ratings, by amplifying the perceived neutrality of faces. Taken together, these results suggest that shared attention amplifies the neural processing of faces, regardless of the valence of facial expressions.

ALL RESPONSES ARE NOT CREATED EQUAL

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jovonne J. Bickerstaff
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Public Space ◽  
First Generation ◽  
School Work ◽  
National Community ◽  
Set Constraints ◽  
The Social ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Context Shapes ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThis exploratory study makes a contribution to the literature on antiracism by analyzing how first-generation French Blacks of sub-Saharan African descent practice everyday antiracism. In doing so, it expands the demographic terrain of this research to highlight some particularities in the experience of everyday racism and antiracism for ethnoracial minorities of immigrant origins. In addition to experiencing forms of racism encountered by both immigrants and other native ethnoracial minorities, first-generation French Blacks (like other non-White first-generation Europeans), face symbolic exclusion from the national community and delegitimization of their claims to Europeanness. Examining their experiences sheds light on how race, immigration, and national identity intersect to generate unique experiences of racism and antiracism. This paper also contributes to our understanding of how social context shapes the range of everyday antiracist strategies at a person's disposal. Specifically, integrating Kasinitz et al.'s (2008) framework for categorizing incidents of racial discrimination and prejudice with Fleming et al.'s (2010) categorization of responses to stigmatization, I present an analysis of antiracist responses that takes into account both the nature of the relationship between the victim and the perpetrator of racism (i.e., impersonal vs. personal) and the social context in which the encounter occurs (e.g., school, work, public space, etc). In doing so, I highlight how the conditions of a given incident of racism or discrimination set constraints on the range of antiracist responses an individual can practically (or feasibly) employ.

scholarly journals The people around you are inside your head: Social context shapes spontaneous thought

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith N. Mildner ◽  
Diana Tamir
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Social Presence ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Functional Neuroimaging ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Social Thought ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Spontaneous Thought ◽  
Context Shapes

The majority of people’s spontaneous thoughts are about other people. We propose that thisoutsize focus on other people reflects the rich social world in which people are embedded. To test how social context shapes spontaneous thought, we assessed the content of spontaneous thought during mind wandering in three social contexts – solitude (Study 1), social presence (Study 2), and social interaction (Study 3). Additionally, in Study 1, we used functional neuroimaging to measure neural activity while participants considered social and non-social targets. Solitude decreased spontaneous social thought and decreased neural activity in the mentalizing network when thinking about a close friend. Social presence did not change spontaneous social thought. Social interaction increased spontaneous social thought. Together, the results show a clear pattern of increasing social thought in increasingly social environments. These findings suggest that spontaneous social thought may be a mechanism that helps us process our social environment.

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