Mental Well-Being: 2010–2018 Trends among Italian Adolescents

(1) Aims: To explore temporal trends 2010–2018 of well-being among Italian adolescents and to evaluate potential explanatory factors. (2) Methods: Italian nationality representative samples of students aged 11, 13, and 15 years were recruited in 2010, 2014, and 2018; Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC), for an overall number of 165,000 teenagers. Multivariable logistic regression models were performed to fit the trends over time of life satisfaction (LS), psychological (PSY-HC) and somatic health complaints (SOM-HC) considering the contextual factors: school work pressure, social support (family, school, peers), socioeconomic status, geographic area, and immigration background; (3) Results: From 2010 to 2018 while LS was steady, health complaints increased, mainly for PSY-HC, in all age and gender groups. Trend of PSY-HC affected mainly 15-yrs-olds: rates among boys varied from 29.6% to 35.9% (OR: 1.13, 95%CI: 1.02–1.25); among girls from 49.1% to 63.3% (OR: 1.56, 95%CI: 1.42–1.72). High school work pressure and poor social support play a central role in worsening well-being outcomes; (4) Conclusions: Our findings pictured a remarkable worsening trend of teenagers’ well-being, especially among 15-year-old girls. Further research will be required to investigate this breaking up of the connection between psychophysical symptomatology and cognitive perception of life satisfaction.

Whose responsibility? Part 2 of 2: views of patients, families, and clinicians about responsibilities for addressing the needs of persons with mental health problems in Chennai, India and Montreal, Canada

Background Individuals with mental health problems have many insufficiently met support needs. Across sociocultural contexts, various parties (e.g., governments, families, persons with mental health problems) assume responsibility for meeting these needs. However, key stakeholders' opinions of the relative responsibilities of these parties for meeting support needs remain largely unexplored. This is a critical knowledge gap, as these perceptions may influence policy and caregiving decisions. Methods Patients with first-episode psychosis (n = 250), their family members (n = 228), and clinicians (n = 50) at two early intervention services in Chennai, India and Montreal, Canada were asked how much responsibility they thought the government versus persons with mental health problems; the government versus families; and families versus persons with mental health problems should bear for meeting seven support needs of persons with mental health problems (e.g., housing; help covering costs of substance use treatment; etc.). Two-way analyses of variance were conducted to examine differences in ratings of responsibility between sites (Chennai, Montreal); raters (patients, families, clinicians); and support needs. Results Across sites and raters, governments were held most responsible for meeting each support need and all needs together. Montreal raters assigned more responsibility to the government than did Chennai raters. Compared to those in Montreal, Chennai raters assigned more responsibility to families versus persons with mental health problems, except for the costs of substance use treatment. Family raters across sites assigned more responsibility to governments than did patient raters, and more responsibility to families versus persons with mental health problems than did patient and clinician raters. At both sites, governments were assigned less responsibility for addressing housing- and school/work reintegration-related needs compared to other needs. In Chennai, the government was seen as most responsible for stigma reduction and least for covering substance use services. Conclusions All stakeholders thought that governments should have substantial responsibility for meeting the needs of individuals with mental health problems, reinforcing calls for greater government investment in mental healthcare across contexts. The greater perceived responsibility of the government in Montreal and of families in Chennai may both reflect and influence differences in cultural norms and healthcare systems in India and Canada.

PKM Education on Occupational Safety and Health in the COVID 19 Pandemic to Employees of PT. Astamukti Airtech Nusatama

The Covid-19 pandemic has changed the order of society, it is recommended that they are even forced to stay at home, go to school, work and even worship at home. Almost all countries urge their citizens not to move outside the home if there is no urgent need. Informal workers because around 61 percent of the global workforce are particularly vulnerable during the pandemic, have to face higher OSH risks, and lack adequate protection. Occupational Health and Safety (K3) is a thought and effort to ensure the integrity and perfection of both the physical and spiritual workforce, in particular, the implementation of Community Service (PKM) in the Covid-19 pandemic to employees of PT. Astamukti Airtech Nusatama. The results of the socialization and education of K3 employees better understand and realize the importance of the OHS system and the implementation of the Covid-19 pandemic health protocol in the workplace, the importance of management support that continuously provides understanding through discussion and training so that they are aware, understand and be able to consistently apply K3 and health protocols continuously in the corporate environment.

PENERAPAN SUPERVISI MANAJERIAL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KINERJA KEPALA SEKOLAH DALAM MENYUSUN PROGRAM KERJA SEKOLAH DI SMP NEGERI 6 SABANG

This study aims to determine the improvement of the principal's performance in preparing school work programs at SMP Negeri 6 Sabang through managerial supervision. This research technique is School Action Research (PTS) which consists of 2 cycles, each cycle consists of 4 (four) stages, namely planning, implementation, observation and reflection. The subjects in this study were the principal and the school development team of SMP Negeri 6 Sabang. As for the research results obtained, through the application of managerial supervision has been able to improve the performance of school principals in preparing school work programs. This is known from the final score obtained from the school work program planning instrument. At the end of the pre-cycle the score obtained was 42.5 under category and D predicate. For this reason, coaching and mentoring was carried out so that in cycle I and cycle II the principal and the school development team understood each component of the school work program planning instrument. In the first cycle the final score was 62.5 sufficient category and predicate C. There was an increase in the value of 20 from the pre-cycle to the first cycle. At the end of the second cycle the score was 80 good categories and B predicate. An increase in the value of 18.5 from the first cycle to cycle II. So it can be concluded that the principal and the school development team who are the subjects in this study have performed well in compiling school work programs with good results. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan kinerja kepala sekolah dalam menyusun program kerja sekolah di SMP Negeri 6 Sabang melalui supervisi manajerial. Teknik penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Sekolah (PTS) yang terdiri dari 2 siklus, setiap siklus terdiri 4 (empat) tahapan yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah kepala sekolah dan tim pengembang sekolah SMP Negeri 6 Sabang. Adapun dari hasil penelitian diperoleh, melalui penerapan supervisi manajerial telah dapat meningkatkan kinerja kepala sekolah dalam menyusun program kerja sekolah. Hal ini diketahui dari nilai akhir yang didapat dari instrumen perencanaan program kerja kerja sekolah. Pada akhir pra siklus nilai yang diperoleh sebesar 42,5 katagori kurang dan predikat D. Untuk itu dilakukan pembinaan dan pembimbingan sehingga pada siklus I dan siklus II kepala sekolah dan tim pengembang sekolah memahami setiap komponen pada instrumen perencanaan program kerja sekolah. Pada siklus I nilai akhir adalah 62,5 katagori cukup dan predikat C. Terjadi peningkatan nilai sebesar 20 dari pra siklus ke siklus I. Pada akhir siklus II diperoleh nilai adalah 80 katagori baik dan predikat B. Peningkatan nilai sebesar 18,5 dari siklus I ke siklus II. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan kepala sekolah dan tim pengembang sekolah yang menjadi subjek dalam penelitian ini telah memiliki kinerja dalam menyusun program kerja sekolah dengan hasil baik.

THE EFFECT OF ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT ON THE WELFARE OF THE COMMUNITY IN KAYU ARA VILLAGE, TULUNG SELAPAN REGENCY, OKI REGENCY, SELATAN SUMATRA

The development of facilities and infrastructure in South Sumatra has been very good and has also been realized. however, in some villages, road infrastructure development still needs more attention, especially in Kayu Ara village, Kec. Tulung Selapan Kab. OIC South Sumatra. The existence of infrastructure is a very important thing especially regarding the construction of roads, because one of the daily needs to carry out various activities such as school, work is even very important if there is an emergency such as giving birth, shortness of breath and so on. However, until now the village has not been touched by the attention of both the OIC governor and the regional government. The data used in this training is primary data obtained from the party providing information directly and has not been processed. By researching directly in the field and asking various questions to respondents. With this research, it is hoped that the government will pay more attention and provide solutions that are right on target.

Efektivitas dan Efisiensi Biaya Pendidikan Selama Masa Pandemi Covid – 19 Pada SMA Di Kabupaten Mandailing Natal

The existence of the covid 19 pandemic forced the government to issue an online learning policy. This will certainly have a significant impact on the utilization and allocation of education costs that have been budgeted and outlined in the School Work Plan both on RKAS sourced from BOS funds and Education Development Contribution funds sourced from parents of students. This study aims to see firsthand the utilization of education funds during the Covid 19 period whether it has been effective and efficient. This study uses descriptive qualitative methods. Data obtained from 24 principals bendaraha at high school in Mandailing Natal district in 2021 by spreading the questionnaire through Google format and interviews. It found that schools were not fully prepared to utilize funds effectively and efficiently. It is also inseparable from the uncertainty until when online learning ends because of the changing information (depending on the status of each region based on the level of emergency) about limited face-to-face learning schedules and new life adaptations. But allocating the cost of education in each school meets the 8 National Standards of Education even though the allocation of each SNP is uneven because of differentneeds. The transfer of financing from RKAS that has been prepared at the beginning of the year due to changes in the learning system and changes in BOS juknis. The transfer of extracurricular activities, the doubling of exam questions is eliminated and diverted to maintenance and replacement activities, the purchase of medical devices and materials such as thermoguns, handsanitizers, masks and disinfectants. Financing during the Covid-19 pandemic in general experienced significant changes in allocating rather than in the amount of funds spent. In normal times there are scouting, extracurricular sports and student council activities diverted into maintenance and reimbursement funds. The cost of subscriptions and services such as electricity has decreased but new costs such as data plans for teachers and education personnel have fallen. The cost of developing educators and education personnel has also increased due to the development of competencies followed by teachers online.

Impact of house dust mite-driven asthma on children’s school performance and activity

Evidence regarding asthma’s impact on children’s daily lives is limited. This prospective and cross-sectional, observational, multicenter study assessed school/work and activity impairment in children and adolescents with allergic asthma and their caregivers and allergen immunotherapy (AIT) effects. Included patients were schooled children and adolescents (5 to 17 years) with allergic asthma due to house dust mites (HDM). Impairment of school/work (i.e., absenteeism and presenteeism) and activity was measured in patients and their caregivers using the Work Productivity Impairment Questionnaire plus Classroom Impairment Questions: Allergy Specific (WPAI + CIQ:AS). HDM allergic patients with school impairment received subcutaneous AIT with a MicroCrystalline Tyrosine-associated allergoid. WPAI + CIQ:AS and effectiveness variables were compared between baseline and 1-year post-AIT. Of the 113 patients included, 59 (52.2%) and 51 (45.1%) showed school and activity impairment, respectively, missing a mean (SD) of 37.6 (24.4) % and 42.6 (25.6) % of school and activity time, respectively. Twenty-six (23%) caregivers reported activity impairment and, of the 79 (69.9%) employed, 30 (38%) reported work impairment. Of the 65 patients with school/activities impairment, 41 (63.1%) received AIT, of which 21 (51.2%) completed 1 year of treatment. Effectiveness variables and WPAI + CIQ:AS significantly improved: Mean (SD) school impairment decreased from 39.7 (26.7) to 2.1 (7.1) % (p < 0.001) and activity impairment from 46.2 (34.6) to 1.4 (3.6) % (p < 0.001).Conclusion: Allergic asthma due to HDMs results in school/work and activity impairment in children and adolescents and their caregivers. One year of AIT provided clinical benefits and reduced school and activity impairment. What is Known:• Allergic asthma impairs children’s school performance and daily activities.• Allergen immunotherapy modifies allergic disease course and ameliorates its symptoms. What is New:• Asthma symptoms due to allergy to house dust mites impair children’s school attendance and productivity and daily activity and their caregivers’ work performance and daily lives.• Allergen immunotherapy with a house dust mite MicroCrystalline Tyrosine (MCT)-associated allergoid seems to provide clinical benefits, associated with decreased school and activity impairment, supporting it as an effective treatment option.

Achievement Goal Theory Review: An Application to School Psychology

Achievement Goal Theory (AGT) is one of the most popular theoretical frameworks in motivation research. Despite its application to a variety of contexts, including, school, work, and sport, it has not yet been referenced in the field of school psychology. First, we review the theoretical underpinnings as told through the theory’s evolving models, explore its impacts on cognition, emotion, and behavior, and introduce a multiple goals perspective. Second, we outline the leading research supporting AGT, both in terms of structural and individual intervention studies. Third, we apply the principles of AGT to the primary tasks of school psychology professionals, including assessment, intervention, and consultation practices. The students we support can greatly benefit from gearing our approaches toward ones that foster self-improvement and interest.

COMPILATION AS A COMPOSITION APPROACH OF CONTEMPORARY ART SCHOOL

It is impossible to create something new in science and art, without first absorbing the experience, knowledge, skills of scientists and artists of the past generation. Even the most original, progressive, and innovative ideas are, in fact, a compilation of previous experience. The compilation technique is one of the main and effective tools of the scientific world. It is also actively used in the creative process of musicians, writers, and filmmakers. The compilation technique is a fairly common phenomenon in the scientific world and art in general, at the same time, its level can be very different, ranging from direct plagiarism to forms of synthesis, the traces of which are very difficult to detect. There are separate genres in art, based on compilation, for instance, a «remake» in cinematography, a «potpourri» in music, a «historical analog» in visual art, and an «artrunion» in literature. Meanwhile, compilation, as one of the forms of the artist's creative method, is a very "delicate" and "vulnerable" matter, sometimes causing a lot of controversy among specialists, since there is no tool that could accurately measure the degree of compilation bordering on plagiarism. If in the scientific world author indicates a list of compilation material, writing an article, then in case of an artist, we will not see it due to specifics of his work. The path of an artist, in terms of the embodiment of an artistic conception, is in many ways spontaneous, and intuitive. On this path, it is very difficult for him to isolate his authorship from the experience of other artists, and as a result, his work is a kind of conglomerate of synthesis. In our study, we consider the compilation technique mainly on the example of the methods of a children's art school work, taking into account the age of a student. At the same time, the compilation technique is a universal method of composition that can be effectively used by teachers in the creative development process. Meanwhile, the compilation technique is a frequent subject of disputes during the competitive selection of creative works and today requires a deeper analysis and public discussion.