Comparison of land surface and air temperatures for quantifying summer and winter urban heat island in a snow climate city

Abstract. Information on the spatiotemporal characteristics of Beijing's urban–rural near-surface air temperature difference, known as the canopy layer urban heat island (UHI), is important for future urban climate management strategies. This paper investigates the variation of near-surface air temperatures within Beijing at a neighbourhood-scale resolution (∼ 100 m) during winter 2016 and summer 2017. We perform simulations using the urban climate component of the ADMS-Urban model with land surface parameters derived from both local climate zone classifications and OpenStreetMap land use information. Through sensitivity simulations, the relative impacts of surface properties and anthropogenic heat emissions on the temporal variation of Beijing's UHI are quantified. Measured UHI intensities between central Beijing (Institute of Atmospheric Physics) and a rural site (Pinggu) during the Atmospheric Pollution and Human Health in a Chinese Megacity (APHH-China) campaigns, peak during the evening at ∼ 4.5 ∘C in both seasons. In winter, the nocturnal UHI is dominated by anthropogenic heat emissions but is underestimated by the model. Higher-resolution anthropogenic heat emissions may capture the effects of local sources (e.g. residential buildings and adjacent major roads). In summer, evening UHI intensities are underestimated, especially during heatwaves. The inability to fully replicate the prolonged release of heat stored in the urban fabric may explain this. Observed negative daytime UHI intensities in summer are more successfully captured when surface moisture levels in central Beijing are increased. However, the spatial correlation between simulated air temperatures and satellite-derived land surface temperatures is stronger with a lower urban moisture scenario. This result suggests that near-surface air temperatures at the urban meteorological site are likely influenced by fine-scale green spaces that are unresolved by the available land cover data and demonstrates the expected differences between surface and air temperatures related to canopy layer advection. This study lays the foundations for future studies of heat-related health risks and UHI mitigation strategies across Beijing and other megacities.

Download Full-text

Modelling spatiotemporal variations of the canopy layer urban heat island in Beijing at the neighbourhood-scale

10.5194/acp-2020-931 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Michael Biggart ◽

Jenny Stocker ◽

Ruth M. Doherty ◽

Oliver Wild ◽

David Carruthers ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urban Heat Island ◽

Land Surface ◽

Urban Climate ◽

Anthropogenic Heat ◽

Heat Island ◽

Canopy Layer ◽

Near Surface ◽

Air Temperatures ◽

Urban Heat ◽

Neighbourhood Scale

Abstract. Information on the spatiotemporal characteristics of Beijing's urban-rural near-surface air temperature difference, known as the canopy layer urban heat island (UHI), is important for future urban climate management strategies. This paper investigates the variation of near-surface air temperatures within Beijing at a neighbourhood-scale resolution (~ 100 m) during winter 2016 and summer 2017. We perform simulations using the urban climate component of the ADMS-Urban model with land surface parameters derived from both Local Climate Zone classifications and OpenStreetMap land use information. Through sensitivity simulations, the relative impacts of surface properties and anthropogenic heat emissions on the temporal variation of Beijing's UHI are quantified. Measured UHI intensities between central Beijing (Institute of Atmospheric Physics) and a rural site (Pinggu) during the Atmospheric Pollution and Human Health in a Chinese Megacity (APHH-China) campaigns, peak during the evening at ~ 4.5 °C in both seasons. In winter, the nocturnal UHI is dominated by anthropogenic heat emissions but is underestimated by the model. Higher resolution anthropogenic heat emissions may capture the effects of local sources (e.g. residential buildings and adjacent major roads). In summer, evening UHI intensities are underestimated, especially during heatwaves. The inability to fully replicate the prolonged release of heat stored in the urban fabric may explain this. Observed negative daytime UHI intensities in summer are more successfully captured when surface moisture levels in central Beijing are increased. However, the spatial correlation between simulated air temperatures and satellite-derived land surface temperatures is stronger with a lower urban moisture scenario. This result suggests that near-surface air temperatures at the urban meteorological site are likely influenced by fine-scale green spaces that are unresolved by the available land cover data and demonstrates the expected differences between surface and air temperatures related to canopy layer advection. This study lays the foundations for future studies of heat-related health risks and UHI mitigation strategies across Beijing and other megacities.

Download Full-text

Assessing Seasonality in the Surface Urban Heat Island of London

Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology ◽

10.1175/jamc-d-15-0041.1 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 55 (3) ◽

pp. 493-505 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Bin Zhou ◽

Dirk Lauwaet ◽

Hans Hooyberghs ◽

Koen De Ridder ◽

Jürgen P. Kropp ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solar Radiation ◽

Urban Heat Island ◽

Land Surface ◽

Climate Modeling ◽

Heat Island ◽

Incoming Solar Radiation ◽

Air Temperatures ◽

Urban Rural ◽

Background Temperature ◽

Urban Heat

AbstractThis paper assesses the seasonality of the urban heat island (UHI) effect in the Greater London area (United Kingdom). Combining satellite-based observations and urban boundary layer climate modeling with the UrbClim model, the authors are able to address the seasonality of UHI intensity, on the basis of both land surface temperature (LST) and 2-m air temperature, for four individual times of the day (0130, 1030, 1330, and 2230 local time) and the daily means derived from them. An objective of this paper is to investigate whether the UHI intensities that are based on both quantities exhibit a similar hysteresis-like trajectory that is observed for LST when plotting the UHI intensity against the background temperature. The results show that the UrbClim model can satisfactorily reproduce both the observed urban–rural LSTs and 2-m air temperatures as well as their differences and the hysteresis in the surface UHI. The hysteresis-like seasonality is largely absent in both the observed and modeled 2-m air temperatures, however. A sensitivity simulation of the UHI intensity to incoming solar radiation suggests that the hysteresis of the LST can mainly be attributed to the seasonal variation in incoming solar radiation.

Download Full-text

Urban Heat Island Effects in Tropical Climate

Vortex Dynamics Theories and Applications ◽

10.5772/intechopen.91253 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Luz E. Torres Molina ◽

Sara Morales ◽

Luis F. Carrión

Keyword(s):

Urban Heat Island ◽

Land Surface ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Tropical Climate ◽

Heat Island ◽

Prevention Measures ◽

Flood Warning ◽

Air Temperatures ◽

Urban Heat ◽

Flood Warning System

This paper reviews some of the characteristics of urban climates and the causes and effects of urban heat island (UHI) issues in the tropical climate. UHI effect is a kind of heat accumulation phenomenon within the urban areas due to urban construction and human activities. It is recognized as the most evident characteristic of urban climate. The increase of land surface temperature in San Juan, Puerto Rico, caused by the UHI effect was influenced by the change of land use and material types in construction. The impacts of daily temperature, surface albedo, evapotranspiration (ET), and anthropogenic heating on the near-surface climate are discussed. Analyzed data and field measurements indicate that increasing albedo and vegetation cover can be effective in reducing the surface and air temperatures near the ground. Some mitigation and prevention measures are proposed for the effects of UHI, such as a flash flood warning system.

Download Full-text

Cooling Effect of Different Land Cover Types: A Case Study in Xi’an and Xianyang, China

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13031099 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 1099

Author(s):

Yuhe Ma ◽

Mudan Zhao ◽

Jianbo Li ◽

Jian Wang ◽

Lifa Hu

Keyword(s):

Land Cover ◽

Surface Temperature ◽

Urban Heat Island ◽

Land Surface Temperature ◽

Land Surface ◽

Cooling Effect ◽

Heat Island ◽

Land Cover Types ◽

Island Effect ◽

Urban Heat

One of the climate problems caused by rapid urbanization is the urban heat island effect, which directly threatens the human survival environment. In general, some land cover types, such as vegetation and water, are generally considered to alleviate the urban heat island effect, because these landscapes can significantly reduce the temperature of the surrounding environment, known as the cold island effect. However, this phenomenon varies over different geographical locations, climates, and other environmental factors. Therefore, how to reasonably configure these land cover types with the cooling effect from the perspective of urban planning is a great challenge, and it is necessary to find the regularity of this effect by designing experiments in more cities. In this study, land cover (LC) classification and land surface temperature (LST) of Xi’an, Xianyang and its surrounding areas were obtained by Landsat-8 images. The land types with cooling effect were identified and their ideal configuration was discussed through grid analysis, distance analysis, landscape index analysis and correlation analysis. The results showed that an obvious cooling effect occurred in both woodland and water at different spatial scales. The cooling distance of woodland is 330 m, much more than that of water (180 m), but the land surface temperature around water decreased more than that around the woodland within the cooling distance. In the specific urban planning cases, woodland can be designed with a complex shape, high tree planting density and large planting areas while water bodies with large patch areas to cool the densely built-up areas. The results of this study have utility for researchers, urban planners and urban designers seeking how to efficiently and reasonably rearrange landscapes with cooling effect and in urban land design, which is of great significance to improve urban heat island problem.

Download Full-text

RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN LAND USE/LAND COVER AND LAND SURFACE TEMPERATURE IN TABRIZ FROM 2000 TO 2017

ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ◽

10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-4-w18-1041-2019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol XLII-4/W18 ◽

pp. 1041-1044

Author(s):

A. Tahooni ◽

A. A. Kakroodi

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Surface Temperature ◽

Urban Heat Island ◽

Land Surface Temperature ◽

Land Surface ◽

Impervious Surface ◽

Bare Soil ◽

Heat Island ◽

Land Use Land Cover ◽

Urban Heat

Abstract. Urban Heat Island (UHI) refers to the development of higher urban temperatures of an urban area compared to the temperatures of surrounding suburban and rural areas. Highly reflective urban materials to solar radiation present a significantly lower surface temperature and contribute to reducing the sensible heat released in the atmosphere and mitigating the urban heat island. Many studies of the UHI effect have been based on Land Surface Temperature (LST) measurements from remote sensors. The remotely sensed UHI has been termed the surface urban heat island (SUHI) effect. This study examines Tabriz city land use/land cover (LULC) and LST changes using Landsat satellite images between 2000 and 2017. Maximum likelihood classification and single channel methods were used for LULC classification and LST retrieval respectively. Results show that impervious surface has increased 13.79% and bare soil area has decreased 16.2%. The results also revealed bare soil class LST after a constant trend become increasing. It also revealed the impervious surface LST has a decreasing trend between 2000 and 2011 and has a little change. Using materials that have low absorption and high reflectance decrease the effect of heat island considerably.

Download Full-text

Ecological impact evaluation of urban heat island in Dhaka city; a spatio-temporal approach

10.21203/rs.3.rs-307151/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kazi Jihadur Rashid ◽

Sumaia Islam ◽

Mohammad Atiqur Rahman

Keyword(s):

Land Cover ◽

Urban Heat Island ◽

Land Surface ◽

Ecological Impact ◽

Urban Life ◽

Heat Island ◽

Dhaka City ◽

Ecological Conditions ◽

Urban Heat ◽

The Impact

Abstract Urban heat island (UHI) is one of the major causes for deteriorating ecology of the rapidly expanding Dhaka city in the changing climatic conditions. Although researchers have identified, characterized and modeled UHI in the study area, the ecological evaluation of UHI effect has not yet been focused. This study uses land surface normalization techniques such as urban thermal field variance (UTFVI) to quantify the impact of UHI and also identifies vulnerable UHI areas compared to land cover types. Landsat imageries from 1990 to 2020 were used at decadal intervals. Results of the study primarily show that intensified UHI areas have increased spatially from 33.1–40.9% in response to urban growth throughout the period of 1990 to 2020. Extreme surface temperature values above 31°C have also been shown in open soils in under-construction sites for future developmental purposes. UTFVI is categorized into six categories representing UHI intensity in relation to ecological conditions. Finally, comparative analysis between land use/land cover (LULC) with UTFVI shows that the ecological conditions deteriorate as the intensity of UHI increases in the area. The developed areas facing ecological threat have increased from 9.3–19.8% throughout the period. Effective mitigating measures such as increasing green surfaces and planned urbanization practices are crucial in this regard. This study would help policymakers to concentrate on controlling thermal exposure and on preserving sustainable urban life.

Download Full-text

LINKING THE LOCAL CLIMATE ZONES AND LAND SURFACE TEMPERATURE TO INVESTIGATE THE SURFACE URBAN HEAT ISLAND, A CASE STUDY OF SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS, U.S.

ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ◽

10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-3-277-2018 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol IV-3 ◽

pp. 277-283 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Chunhong Zhao

Keyword(s):

Surface Temperature ◽

Urban Heat Island ◽

Land Surface Temperature ◽

Land Surface ◽

San Antonio ◽

Heat Island ◽

Climate Zones ◽

Local Climate ◽

Local Climate Zones ◽

Urban Heat

The Local Climate Zones (LCZs) concept was initiated in 2012 to improve the documentation of Urban Heat Island (UHI) observations. Despite the indispensable role and initial aim of LCZs concept in metadata reporting for atmospheric UHI research, its role in surface UHI investigation also needs to be emphasized. This study incorporated LCZs concept to study surface UHI effect for San Antonio, Texas. LCZ map was developed by a GIS-based LCZs classification scheme with the aid of airborne Lidar dataset and other freely available GIS data. Then, the summer LST was calculated based Landsat imagery, which was used to analyse the relations between LST and LCZs and the statistical significance of the differences of LST among the typical LCZs, in order to test if LCZs are able to efficiently facilitate SUHI investigation. The linkage of LCZs and land surface temperature (LST) indicated that the LCZs mapping can be used to compare and investigate the SUHI. Most of the pairs of LCZs illustrated significant differences in average LSTs with considerable significance. The intra-urban temperature comparison among different urban classes contributes to investigate the influence of heterogeneous urban morphology on local climate formation.

Download Full-text