scholarly journals Cutaneous lesions associated with coronavirus-induced vasculitis in a cat with feline infectious peritonitis and concurrent feline immunodeficiency virus infection

2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 233-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha J Cannon ◽  
Malcolm A Silkstone ◽  
Anja M Kipar
Keyword(s):  
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Cutaneous Lesions ◽  
Feline Infectious Peritonitis ◽  
Abdominal Organs ◽  
Target Organs ◽  
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Infection ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Feline Coronavirus

This report describes a clinical case of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) with multisystemic involvement, including multiple nodular cutaneous lesions, in a cat that was co-infected with feline coronavirus and feline immunodeficiency virus. The skin lesions were caused by a pyogranulomatous-necrotising dermal phlebitis and periphlebitis. Immunohistology demonstrated the presence of coronavirus antigen in macrophages within these lesions. The pathogenesis of FIP involves a viral associated, disseminated phlebitis and periphlebitis which can arise at many sites. Target organs frequently include the eyes, abdominal organs, pleural and peritoneal membranes, and central nervous tissues, but cutaneous lesions have not previously been reported.

Effect of primary-stage feline immunodeficiency virus infection on subsequent feline calicivirus vaccination and challenge in cats

AIDS ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 747-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Dawson ◽  
Neil R. Smyth ◽  
Malcolm Bennett ◽  
Rosalind M. Gaskell ◽  
Christine M. McCracken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Feline Calicivirus ◽  
Primary Stage ◽  
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Infection ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

scholarly journals Gamma Interferon/Interleukin 10 Balance in Tissue Lymphocytes Correlates with Down Modulation of Mucosal Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

2004 ◽  
Vol 78 (8) ◽  
pp. 4011-4019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul R. Avery ◽  
Edward A. Hoover
Keyword(s):  
Viral Replication ◽  
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Gamma Interferon ◽  
Cytokine Balance ◽  
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Infection ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Lentiviral Infection ◽  
Lentiviral Infections

ABSTRACT Understanding the early cytokine response to lentiviral infections may be critical to the design of prevention and treatment strategies. By using the feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) model, we have documented an interleukin 10 (IL10)-dominated response in lymphoid tissue CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes within the first 4 weeks after mucosal FIV infection. This profile coincided with the period of high tissue viral replication. By 10 weeks postinfection, tissue viral levels decreased significantly, and gamma interferon (IFNγ) production in CD8+ T cells had increased to restore the IL10/IFNγ ratio to control levels. Concurrently, increased production of IL6 and viral RNA was detected in macrophages. These temporal associations of viral replication with cytokine balance in tissues suggest roles for IL10 in the permissive stage of infection and IFNγ in the subsequent down modulation of lentiviral infection.

scholarly journals Prevalence of feline coronavirus, feline leukemia virus, and feline immunodeficiency virus in client-owned cats in Croatia

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 24-38
Author(s):  
Jelena Raukar
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Feline Leukemia Virus ◽  
Antibody Prevalence ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Proviral Dna ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Feline Coronavirus

This study aimed to determine prevalences for anti-FCoV antibody, FeLV antigen, FeLV proviral DNA, and anti-FIV antibody among client-owned cats from the cities of Zagreb and Varaždin in Croatia. Subjects included 106 client-owned cats tested at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria. Blood samples were tested with IFA for anti-FCoV antibody and IFA FCoV antibody titeres, with ELISA for FeLV p27 antigen, with PCR for FeLV proviral DNA, and with RIM for anti-FIV antibody. Prevalence of FCoV and FeLV was 41.51% and 6.60%, respectively. A coinfection with FeLV/FCoV and FIV/FCoV prevalence was 7.55% and 5.66%. No cats were coinfected with FIV and FeLV. All three viruses were detected, confirming their presence in Croatia. The seroepidemiological findings demonstrate that both feline retroviruses and feline coronavirus are important feline pathogens in Croatia.

scholarly journals Decreased Sensitivity of the Serological Detection of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Potentially Due to Imported Genetic Variants

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Frankenfeld ◽  
Theres Meili ◽  
Marina Meli ◽  
Barbara Riond ◽  
A. Helfer-Hungerbuehler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Diagnostic Efficiency ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Viral Loads ◽  
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Infection ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Screening Assays ◽  
Diagnostic Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Point Of Care Tests

Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) is a lentivirus of domestic cats worldwide. Diagnosis usually relies on antibody screening by point-of-care tests (POCT), e.g., by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), and confirmation using Western blot (WB). We increasingly observed ELISA-negative, WB-positive samples and aimed to substantiate these observations using 1194 serum/plasma samples collected from 1998 to 2019 primarily from FIV-suspect cats. While 441 samples tested positive and 375 tested negative by ELISA and WB, 81 samples had discordant results: 70 were false ELISA-negative (WB-positive) and 11 were false ELISA-positive (WB-negative); 297 ambiguous results were not analyzed further. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the ELISA (82% and 91%, respectively) were lower than those reported in 1995 (98% and 97%, respectively). The diagnostic efficiency was reduced from 97% to 86%. False ELISA-negative samples originated mainly (54%) from Switzerland (1995: 0%). Sixty-four false ELISA-negative samples were available for POCT (SNAPTM/WITNESSR): five were POCT-positive. FIV RT-PCR was positive for two of these samples and was weakly positive for two ELISA- and POCT-negative samples. Low viral loads prohibited sequencing. Our results suggest that FIV diagnosis has become more challenging, probably due to increasing travel by cats and the introduction of new FIV isolates not recognized by screening assays.

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