Time-dependent sorption of norflurazon in four different soils: Use of β-cyclodextrin solutions for remediation of pesticide-contaminated soils

2007 ◽  
Vol 142 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 184-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Villaverde
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Different Soils

scholarly journals Identification of Benzo[a]pyrene-Metabolizing Bacteria in Forest Soils by Using DNA-Based Stable-Isotope Probing

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (21) ◽  
pp. 7368-7376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengke Song ◽  
Chunling Luo ◽  
Longfei Jiang ◽  
Dayi Zhang ◽  
Yujie Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Stable Isotope Probing ◽  
Soil Microcosms ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Family ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Uncultivated Bacteria ◽  
Different Soils

ABSTRACTDNA-based stable-isotope probing (DNA-SIP) was used in this study to investigate the uncultivated bacteria with benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) metabolism capacities in two Chinese forest soils (Mt. Maoer in Heilongjiang Province and Mt. Baicaowa in Hubei Province). We characterized three different phylotypes with responsibility for BaP degradation, none of which were previously reported as BaP-degrading microorganisms by SIP. In Mt. Maoer soil microcosms, the putative BaP degraders were classified as belonging to the genusTerrimonas(familyChitinophagaceae, orderSphingobacteriales), whereasBurkholderiaspp. were the key BaP degraders in Mt. Baicaowa soils. The addition of metabolic salicylate significantly increased BaP degradation efficiency in Mt. Maoer soils, and the BaP-metabolizing bacteria shifted to the microorganisms in the familyOxalobacteraceae(genus unclassified). Meanwhile, salicylate addition did not change either BaP degradation or putative BaP degraders in Mt. Baicaowa. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ring-hydroxylating dioxygenase (PAH-RHD) genes were amplified, sequenced, and quantified in the DNA-SIP13C heavy fraction to further confirm the BaP metabolism. By illuminating the microbial diversity and salicylate additive effects on BaP degradation across different soils, the results increased our understanding of BaP natural attenuation and provided a possible approach to enhance the bioremediation of BaP-contaminated soils.

scholarly journals Composition of Soil Microbial Communities Enriched on a Mixture of Aromatic Hydrocarbons

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
pp. 5282-5289 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Anne Greene ◽  
Jason G. Kay ◽  
Karim Jaber ◽  
Les G. Stehmeier ◽  
Gerrit Voordouw
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Community Members ◽  
First Order ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Benzene Degradation ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Genomic Dnas

ABSTRACT Soil contaminated with C5+, which contained benzene (45%, wt/wt), dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) plus cyclopentadiene (together 20%), toluene (6%), styrene (3%), xylenes (2%), naphthalene (2%), and smaller quantities of other compounds, served as the source for isolation of 55 genomically distinct bacteria (standards). Use of benzene as a substrate by these bacteria was most widespread (31 of 44 standards tested), followed by toluene (23 of 44), xylenes (14 of 44), styrene (10 of 44), and naphthalene (10 of 44). Master filters containing denatured genomic DNAs of all 55 standards were used to analyze the community compositions of C5+ enrichment cultures by reverse sample genome probing (RSGP). The communities enriched from three contaminated soils were similar to those enriched from three uncontaminated soils from the same site. The compositions of these communities were time dependent and showed a succession of Pseudomonas andRhodococcus spp. before convergence on a composition dominated by Alcaligenes spp. The dominant community members detected by RSGP were capable of benzene degradation at all stages of succession. The enrichments effectively degraded all C5+ components except DCPD. Overall, degradation of individual C5+ hydrocarbons followed first-order kinetics, with the highest rates of removal for benzene.

Changes in photosynthetic pigments in relation to soils contaminated with industrial activities in Cassia occidentalis L.

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-233
Author(s):  
Manpreet Kaur ◽  
Meena Bakshi ◽  
Renu Bhardwaj
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Control Soil ◽  
Cassia Occidentalis ◽  
Different Soils

Rapid industrialization in Bhagwanpur industrial area (Uttarakhand) severely affected soil. Various industries such as cement industry, electroplating industries, small scale steel industries are contaminating environment in several ways. Efforts were made to study the biochemical changes in response to three different soils in Cassia occidentalis L. CRD pot culture experiment was laid out via using three different soil types viz. industrial area soil, control soil and mixed soil (50% control soil: 50% industrial area soil). Biochemical constituents like proteins and photosynthetic pigments viz. chlorophyll ‘a’, chlorophyll ‘b’, total chlorophylls and carotenoids were analysed on 30th day of culture. Significant differences (0.05%) were observed among different soils used. Contaminated soils drastically reduced pigments as well as protein content. Maximum protein, chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a/b ratio were observed in plants raised in control soil. In contrast, the carotenoid content was maximum in plants grown in mixed soil.

Time-dependent transfer of 137Cs, 85Sr and 65Zn to earthworms in highly contaminated soils

2013 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 427-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Kwon Keum ◽  
In Jun ◽  
Kwang-Muk Lim ◽  
Yong-Ho Choi ◽  
Brenda J. Howard
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Time Dependent

The oxidation of pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene by nonbasidiomycete soil fungi

1995 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 477-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loren Launen ◽  
Linda Pinto ◽  
Christine Wiebe ◽  
Eberhard Kiehlmann ◽  
Margo Moore
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Soil Fungi ◽  
Penicillium Janthinellum ◽  
Syncephalastrum Racemosum ◽  
Hydrocarbon Content ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Dry Soil ◽  
Cytochrome P 450 ◽  
Penicillium Spp ◽  
Different Soils

The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of nonbasidiomycete soil fungi to oxidize pyrene (four rings) and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) (five rings). Fungi were isolated from five different soils in which the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content ranged from 0.8 to 80 μg/g dry soil. Approximately 50% of the isolates in all sites were able to oxidize pyrene. The pyrene-oxidizing species belonged to all fungal divisions except basidiomycetes. The most common were Penicillium spp. of the subgenus Furcatum and these dominated the more contaminated soils. Penicillium janthinellum and Syncephalastrum racemosum exhibited the most rapid rates of pyrene oxidation. The major pyrene metabolites were identified by proton NMR and mass spectrometry as 1-pyrenol, 1,6- and 1,8-pyrenediol, and the 1,6- and 1,8-pyrenequinones. A high correlation was found between the ability to oxidize pyrene and BaP. As with pyrene, approximately 50% of the fungal isolates tested oxidized BaP to 9-hydroxy-BaP. Eighty percent of the pyrene-oxidizing strains were also able to metabolize BaP.Key words: fungi, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, biotransformation, bioremediation, cytochrome P-450.

scholarly journals A model experiment: competitive sorption of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn by three different soils

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 97-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Zemanová ◽  
L. Trakal ◽  
P. Ochecová ◽  
J. Száková ◽  
D. Pavlíková
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Model Experiment ◽  
Competitive Sorption ◽  
Metal Sorption ◽  
Clear Trend ◽  
Competitive Effects ◽  
Freundlich Isotherms ◽  
Uncontaminated Soil ◽  
Cu And Zn ◽  
Different Soils

The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the competitive and individual sorption of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn on three natural soils: a Gleyic Fluvisol (content of Cd 30, Cu 25, Pb 2297 and Zn 3718 mg/kg), a Gleyic Cambisol (content of Cd 5, Cu 29, Pb 1158 and Zn 180 mg/kg) and a Chernozem (content of Cd 0.4, Cu 36, Pb 75 and Zn 67 mg/kg). For evaluation of the sorption and desorption, the Freundlich isotherms were used. The results of the model experiment confirmed that the sorption from single-metal solution was more effective than sorption under multi-metal conditions, due to competitive effects. In all tested soils sorption of Cd, Cu and Zn decreased with the rate of other competitive metals; the Pb sorption was not affected by other competitive metals in solutions. Moreover, during multi-metal sorption, Zn was significantly desorbed in Cambisol. In general, sorptions of Cu, Pb and Zn were greater in uncontaminated soil compared to contaminated soils. Clear trend of impact of the contamination on Cd sorption was not observed. The results showed the sorption decreasing in order Chernozem > Fluvisol > Cambisol. The sorption was the greatest in uncontaminated soil with low mobility of studied metals.

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