A simple hydrothermal method was developed to prepare shaped-controlled CeO2 nanomaterials, in which, Ce (NO3)3· 6H2O was used as Ce source and H2O2 was used as oxidant and morphologies controlling agent. Different morphologies of CeO2 including nanoparticles, nanooctahedrons, nanorods and nanocubes could be obtained by simply adjusting the concentration of H2O2 in reaction system. These nanoCeO2 could be dispersed in water and ethanol very well after reaction without using any surfactant. A possible growth mechanism was put forward to explain the morphologies evolution process based on TEM, SEM observations. There are not any other impurities were introduced into reaction, and the production ration is high enough, which supply a potential large-scale preparation method for CeO2 nanomaterials.