Identification of immunological expressed sequence tags in the mealworm beetle Tenebrio molitor

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (12) ◽  
pp. 1556-1561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam J. Dobson ◽  
Paul R. Johnston ◽  
Andreas Vilcinskas ◽  
Jens Rolff
Keyword(s):  
Expressed Sequence Tags ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor ◽  
Mealworm Beetle ◽  
Expressed Sequence

scholarly journals Autophagy in Tenebrio molitor Immunity: Conserved Antimicrobial Functions in Insect Defenses

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Hun Jo ◽  
Jung Hee Lee ◽  
Bharat Bhusan Patnaik ◽  
Maryam Keshavarz ◽  
Yong Seok Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Talk ◽  
Expressed Sequence Tag ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor ◽  
Signaling Cascade ◽  
Imd Pathway ◽  
Pathway Activation ◽  
Mealworm Beetle ◽  
Cellular And Humoral Immunity ◽  
Expressed Sequence

The yellow mealworm beetle (Tenebrio molitor) has been exploited as an experimental model to unravel the intricacies of cellular and humoral immunity against pathogenic infections. Studies on this insect model have provided valuable insights into the phenotypic plasticity of immune defenses against parasites and pathogens. It has thus been possible to characterize the hemocoelic defenses of T. molitor that rely on the recognition of non-self-components of pathogens by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). The subsequent signaling cascade activating pathways such as the NF-κB controlled by Toll and IMD pathways lead to the synthesis of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), onset of hemocyte-driven phagocytosis, and activation of the prophenoloxidase cascade regulating the process of melanization. Nevertheless, the activation of autophagy-mediated defenses of T. molitor against the facultative intracellular gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes provides clear evidence of the existence of a cross-talk between autophagy and the IMD pathway. Moreover, the identification of several autophagy-related genes (Atgs) in T. molitor transcriptome and expressed sequence tag (EST) databases has contributed to the understanding of the autophagy-signaling cascade triggered by L. monocytogenes challenge. Providing further evidence of the cross-talk hypothesis, TmRelish has been shown to be required not only for regulating the synthesis of AMPs through the PGRP-LE/IMD pathway activation but also for the expression of Atgs in T. molitor larvae following L. monocytogenes challenge. Notably, L. monocytogenes can stimulate the T. molitor innate immune system by producing molecules recognized by the multifunctional PRR (TmPGRP-LE), which stimulates intracellular activation of the IMD pathway and autophagy. Considering the conservation of autophagy components involved in combating intracellular pathogens, it will be interesting to extrapolate a dynamic cross-talk model of immune activation. This review summarizes the most significant findings on the regulation of autophagy in T. molitor during L. monocytogenes infection and on the role of the innate immunity machinery, including the NF-κB pathway, in the control of pathogenic load.

Tc8, a Tourist-like Transposon in Caenorhabditis elegans

Genetics ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 158 (3) ◽  
pp. 1081-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quang Hien Le ◽  
Kime Turcotte ◽  
Thomas Bureau
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Expressed Sequence Tags ◽  
Large Family ◽  
Insertion Sequences ◽  
Normal Plant ◽  
Nematode Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Plant Genomes ◽  
Plant Genes ◽  
Expressed Sequence ◽  
Eukaryotic Genomes

Abstract Members of the Tourist family of miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements (MITEs) are very abundant among a wide variety of plants, are frequently found associated with normal plant genes, and thus are thought to be important players in the organization and evolution of plant genomes. In Arabidopsis, the recent discovery of a Tourist member harboring a putative transposase has shed new light on the mobility and evolution of MITEs. Here, we analyze a family of Tourist transposons endogenous to the genome of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (Bristol N2). One member of this large family is 7568 bp in length, harbors an ORF similar to the putative Tourist transposase from Arabidopsis, and is related to the IS5 family of bacterial insertion sequences (IS). Using database searches, we found expressed sequence tags (ESTs) similar to the putative Tourist transposases in plants, insects, and vertebrates. Taken together, our data suggest that Tourist-like and IS5-like transposons form a superfamily of potentially active elements ubiquitous to prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes.

scholarly journals A possible role of tachykinin-related peptide on an immune system activity of mealworm beetle, Tenebrio molitor L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 120 ◽  
pp. 104065
Author(s):  
A. Urbański ◽  
N. Konopińska ◽  
J. Lubawy ◽  
K. Walkowiak-Nowicka ◽  
P. Marciniak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor ◽  
System Activity ◽  
Related Peptide ◽  
Mealworm Beetle

scholarly journals VfODB: a comprehensive database of ESTs, EST-SSRs, mtSSRs, microRNA-target markers and genetic maps in Vicia faba

AoB Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Morad M Mokhtar ◽  
Ebtissam H A Hussein ◽  
Salah El-Din S El-Assal ◽  
Mohamed A M Atia
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Expressed Sequence Tags ◽  
Genetic Linkage ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Linkage Maps ◽  
Microrna Target ◽  
Genetic Linkage Maps ◽  
Expressed Sequence ◽  
Simple Sequence

Abstract Faba bean (Vicia faba) is an essential food and fodder legume crop worldwide due to its high content of proteins and fibres. Molecular markers tools represent an invaluable tool for faba bean breeders towards rapid crop improvement. Although there have historically been few V. faba genome resources available, several transcriptomes and mitochondrial genome sequence data have been released. These data in addition to previously developed genetic linkage maps represent a great resource for developing functional markers and maps that can accelerate the faba bean breeding programmes. Here, we present the Vicia faba Omics database (VfODB) as a comprehensive database integrating germplasm information, expressed sequence tags (ESTs), expressed sequence tags-simple sequence repeats (EST-SSRs), and mitochondrial-simple sequence repeats (mtSSRs), microRNA-target markers and genetic maps in faba bean. In addition, KEGG pathway-based markers and functional maps are integrated as a novel class of annotation-based markers/maps. Collectively, we developed 31 536 EST markers, 9071 EST-SSR markers and 3023 microRNA-target markers based on V. faba RefTrans V2 mining. By mapping 7940 EST and 2282 EST-SSR markers against the KEGG pathways database we successfully developed 107 functional maps. Also, 40 mtSSR markers were developed based on mitochondrial genome mining. On the data curation level, we retrieved 3461 markers representing 12 types of markers (CAPS, EST, EST-SSR, Gene marker, INDEL, Isozyme, ISSR, RAPD, SCAR, RGA, SNP and SSR), which mapped across 18 V. faba genetic linkage maps. VfODB provides two user-friendly tools to identify, classify SSR motifs and in silico amplify their targets. VfODB can serve as a powerful database and helpful platform for faba bean research community as well as breeders interested in Genomics-Assisted Breeding.

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