Natural course of neuromyelitis optica (NMO) in patients with no long-term treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 357 ◽  
pp. e321
Author(s):  
A. Altintas ◽  
M. Nalbantoglu ◽  
U. Uygunoglu ◽  
G. Gozubatik-Celik ◽  
S. Akkas-Yazici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Natural Course ◽  
Long Term Treatment

Long-term safety of azathioprine for treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-232
Author(s):  
Ana Beatriz Ayroza Galvão Ribeiro GOMES ◽  
Milena Sales PITOMBEIRA ◽  
Douglas Kazutoshi SATO ◽  
Dagoberto CALLEGARO ◽  
Samira Luisa APÓSTOLOS-PEREIRA
Keyword(s):  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
International Consensus ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Record Review

ABSTRACT Background: Azathioprine is a common first-line therapy for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether long-term treatment (>10 years) with azathioprine is safe in NMOSD. Methods: We conducted a retrospective medical record review of all patients at the School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo (São Paulo, Brazil) who fulfilled the 2015 international consensus diagnostic criteria for NMOSD and were treated with azathioprine for at least 10 years. Results: Out of 375 patients assessed for eligibility, 19 were included in this analysis. These patients’ median age was 44 years (range=28-61); they were mostly female (17/19) and AQP4-IgG seropositive (18/19). The median disease duration was 15 years (range=10-39) and most patients presented a relapsing clinical course (84.2%). The median duration of treatment was 11.9 years (range=10.0-23.8). The median annualized relapse rates (ARR) pre- and post-treatment with azathioprine were 1 (range=0.1-2) and 0.1 (range=0-0.35); p=0.09. Three patients (15.7%) had records of adverse events during the follow-up, which consisted of chronic B12 vitamin deficiency, pulmonary tuberculosis and breast cancer. Conclusion: Azathioprine may be considered a safe agent for long-term treatment (>10 years) of NMOSD, but continuous vigilance for infections and malignancies is required.

Immunosuppressive therapy is more effective than interferon in neuromyelitis optica

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 256-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Papeix ◽  
J-S Vidal ◽  
J De Seze ◽  
C Pierrot-Deseilligny ◽  
A Tourbah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Immunosuppressive Therapy ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Interferon Beta ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Therapeutic Options ◽  
Long Term Treatment

To determine long-term treatment (LTT) of neuromyelitis optica (NMO), we retrospectively reviewed therapies of 26 patients with NMO followed in five French neurological departments. To assess LTT efficacy, the probability of relapse free after LTT was analysed. Patients were divided into two groups according to the first treatment receiving interferon beta (IFN Group, seven patients) or immunosuppressants (IS Group, 19 patients). The probability of relapse was significantly lower in the IS Group (P = 0.0007). From our results, interferon beta is not recommended, and one of the best current therapeutic options for NMO appears to be immunosuppressants. Multiple Sclerosis 2007; 13: 256–259. http://msj.sagepub.com

Natural course of PTSD and its long-term treatment

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. S148-S149 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.R.T. Davidson ◽  
K.M. Connor
Keyword(s):  
Term Treatment ◽  
Natural Course ◽  
Long Term Treatment

Hypnotherapy is effective in the long-term treatment of functional dyspepsia

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A115-A115 ◽  
Author(s):  
E CALVERT ◽  
L HOUGHTON ◽  
P COOPER ◽  
P WHORWELL
Keyword(s):  
Functional Dyspepsia ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Long Term Treatment

1608: Long-Term Treatment with High Doses of Sildenafil Does Not Up-Regulate the Levels of Phosphodiesterase 5 (Pde5) in the Rat Penis

2004 ◽  
Vol 171 (4S) ◽  
pp. 424-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica G. Ferrini ◽  
Eliane G. Valente ◽  
Jacob Rajfer ◽  
Nestor F. Gonzalez-Cadavid
Keyword(s):  
Term Treatment ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Phosphodiesterase 5

Long-Term Treatment Outcomes for Heroin Dependence: The 11-Year Follow-Up of the ATOS Study

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Marel ◽  
Maree Teesson ◽  
Shane Darke ◽  
Katherine Mills ◽  
Joanne Ross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Heroin Dependence ◽  
Long Term Treatment
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