Do Red Blood Cell Indices Explain Racial Differences in the Relationship between Hemoglobin A1c and Blood Glucose?

Background: Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion improves cardiorespiratory status of preterm infants by increasing circulating hemoglobin, improving tissue oxygenation, and reducing cardiac output. However, RBC transfusion itself has also been suggested to negatively affect short-term outcomes such as intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in premature infants.Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between RBC transfusion and short-term outcomes in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants (birth weight, <1,500 g).Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of VLBW infants admitted to the Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital between October 2010 and December 2017. Infants who died during hospitalization were excluded. The infants were divided into 2 groups according to RBC transfusion status. We investigated the relationship between RBC transfusion and short-term outcomes including BPD, ROP, NEC, and IVH.Results: Of the 250 enrolled VLBW infants, 109 (43.6%) underwent transfusion. Univariate analysis revealed that all shortterm outcomes except early-onset sepsis and patent ductus arteriosus were associated with RBC transfusion. In multivariate analysis adjusted for gestational age, birth weight and Apgar score at 1 minute, RBC transfusion was significantly correlated with BPD (odds ratio [OR], 5.42; <i>P</i><0.001) and NEC (OR, 3.40; <i>P</i>= 0.009).Conclusion: RBC transfusion is significantly associated with adverse clinical outcomes such as NEC and BPD in VLBW infants. Careful consideration of the patient’s clinical condition and appropriate guidelines is required before administration of RBC transfusions.

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Seasonal changes in the red blood cell indices in Arabian brood mares and their foals

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A Physiology ◽

10.1016/0300-9629(86)90703-6 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 83 (4) ◽

pp. 643-651 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Janusz Gill ◽

Elżbieta Kompanowska-Jezierska

Keyword(s):

Blood Cell ◽

Red Blood Cell ◽

Seasonal Changes ◽

Red Blood Cell Indices

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Per-pass analysis of acute ischemic stroke clots: impact of stroke etiology on extracted clot area and histological composition

Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery ◽

10.1136/neurintsurg-2020-016966 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. neurintsurg-2020-016966

Author(s):

Seán Fitzgerald ◽

Rosanna Rossi ◽

Oana Madalina Mereuta ◽

Duaa Jabrah ◽

Adaobi Okolo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Cell ◽

Red Blood Cell ◽

Formation Mechanisms ◽

Large Artery ◽

Cell Content ◽

Stroke Etiology ◽

Clot Burden ◽

Similar Formation ◽

The Relationship ◽

Radiological Studies

BackgroundInitial studies investigating correlations between stroke etiology and clot composition are conflicting and do not account for clot size as determined by area. Radiological studies have shown that cardioembolic strokes are associated with shorter clot lengths and lower clot burden than non-cardioembolic clots.ObjectiveTo report the relationship between stroke etiology, extracted clot area, and histological composition at each procedural pass.MethodsAs part of the multi-institutional RESTORE Registry, the Martius Scarlett Blue stained histological composition and extracted clot area of 612 per-pass clots retrieved from 441 patients during mechanical thrombectomy procedures were quantified. Correlations with clinical and procedural details were investigated.ResultsClot composition varied significantly with procedural passes; clots retrieved in earlier passes had higher red blood cell content (H4=11.644, p=0.020) and larger extracted clot area (H4=10.730, p=0.030). Later passes were associated with significantly higher fibrin (H4=12.935, p=0.012) and platelets/other (H4=15.977, p=0.003) content and smaller extracted clot area. Large artery atherosclerotic (LAA) clots were significantly larger in the extracted clot area and more red blood cell-rich than other etiologies in passes 1–3. Cardioembolic and cryptogenic clots had similar histological composition and extracted clot area across all procedural passes.ConclusionLAA clots are larger and associated with a large red blood cell-rich extracted clot area, suggesting soft thrombus material. Cardioembolic clots are smaller in the extracted clot area, consistent in composition and area across passes, and have higher fibrin and platelets/other content than LAA clots, making them stiffer clots. The per-pass histological composition and extracted clot area of cryptogenic clots are similar to those of cardioembolic clots, suggesting similar formation mechanisms.

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When HbA1c and Blood Glucose Do Not Match: How Much Is Determined by Race, by Genetics, by Differences in Mean Red Blood Cell Age?

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jc.2018-02409 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 104 (3) ◽

pp. 707-710 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Robert M Cohen ◽

Robert S Franco ◽

Eric P Smith ◽

John M Higgins

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Blood Cell ◽

Red Blood Cell ◽

Racial Difference ◽

Genetic Ancestry ◽

Clinical Implications ◽

Cell Age ◽

Average Glucose

Commentary placing genetic ancestry markers and racial difference in HbA1c in the context of more common variations in the HbA1c-average glucose relationship and their clinical implications.

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