Simultaneous recycling of nickel metal hydride, lithium ion and primary lithium batteries: Accomplishment of European Guidelines by optimizing mechanical pre-treatment and solvent extraction operations

2012 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 205-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Granata ◽  
F. Pagnanelli ◽  
E. Moscardini ◽  
Z. Takacova ◽  
T. Havlik ◽  
...  
2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 1594-1606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Vander Hoogerstraete ◽  
Koen Binnemans

The undiluted ionic liquid trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium nitrate was used for cobalt–samarium and nickel–lanthanum separations by solvent extraction.


Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baladev Ash ◽  
Venkata Swamy Nalajala ◽  
Ashok Kumar Popuri ◽  
Tondepu Subbaiah ◽  
Manickam Minakshi

A significant amount of work on electrochemical energy storage focuses mainly on current lithium-ion systems with the key markets being portable and transportation applications. There is a great demand for storing higher capacity (mAh/g) and energy density (Wh/kg) of the electrode material for electronic and vehicle applications. However, for stationary applications, where weight is not as critical, nickel-metal hydride (Mi-MH) technologies can be considered with tolerance to deep discharge conditions. Nickel hydroxide has gained importance as it is used as the positive electrode in nickel-metal hydride and other rechargeable batteries such as Ni-Fe and Ni-Cd systems. Nickel hydroxide is manufactured industrially by chemical methods under controlled conditions. However, the electrochemical route is relatively better than the chemical counterpart. In the electrochemical route, a well-regulated OH− is generated at the cathode forming nickel hydroxide (Ni(OH)2) through controlling and optimizing the current density. It produces nickel hydroxide of better purity with an appropriate particle size, well-oriented morphology, structure, et cetera, and this approach is found to be environmentally friendly. The structures of the nickel hydroxide and its production technologies are presented. The mechanisms of product formation in both chemical and electrochemical preparation of nickel hydroxide have been presented along with the feasibility of producing pure nickel hydroxide in this review. An advanced Ni(OH)2-polymer embedded electrode has been reported in the literature but may not be suitable for scalable electrochemical methods. To the best of our knowledge, no such insights on the Ni(OH)2 synthesis route for battery applications has been presented in the literature.


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