scholarly journals Highly efficient separation of rare earths from nickel and cobalt by solvent extraction with the ionic liquid trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium nitrate: a process relevant to the recycling of rare earths from permanent magnets and nickel metal hydride batteries

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 1594-1606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Vander Hoogerstraete ◽  
Koen Binnemans
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Rare Earths ◽  
Metal Hydride ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Nickel Metal ◽  
Nickel Metal Hydride ◽  
Efficient Separation ◽  
Highly Efficient

The undiluted ionic liquid trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium nitrate was used for cobalt–samarium and nickel–lanthanum separations by solvent extraction.

Recovery of rare earths from acid leach solutions of spent nickel-metal hydride batteries using solvent extraction

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 1348-1354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun XIA ◽  
Liansheng XIAO ◽  
Jiying TIAN ◽  
Zhaoyang LI ◽  
Li ZENG
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Rare Earths ◽  
Metal Hydride ◽  
Nickel Metal ◽  
Nickel Metal Hydride ◽  
Acid Leach

scholarly journals Development of an innovative process involving the use of ionic liquids for the recovery and purification of rare earths from permanent magnets and NIMH batteries

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Jokin Hidalgo ◽  
María Tripiana ◽  
Laura Sanchez-Cupido ◽  
Manuel Barragán ◽  
María González-Moya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Nickel Metal ◽  
Nickel Metal Hydride ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Innovative Process ◽  
Industry Trends ◽  
Rare Earth Oxalates

Background: Nowadays, the industry trends are reflecting an increase in the consumption of products containing rare earth elements (REEs), which leads to the generation of several REE-containing residues such as spent permanent magnets (SPM), permanent magnet swarf (PMS), and nickel metal hydride (NiMH) batteries. Methods: Due to the risk of supply and to decrease the dependency of Europe in obtaining REEs, an innovative process for obtaining REEs in the form of rare earth oxalates (REOx) that can be easily transformed to an xide mixture by calcination is proposed. The  proposed method includes leaching of REEs from SPM, PMS, and NiMH batteries using different solvents such as ionic liquids and/or mineral acids; precipitation of REE in the form of REOx and purification of the final products by an ionic liquid extraction (ILE) process for removing the impurities using Cyphos 101 as ionic liquid. Intensive research, based on laboratory tests, is described for each of the parts of the process with the aim of providing optimized results. Results: In this study, >99% recovery of the REE initially present in the leachates after the leaching phase is achieved, with a purity of the REOxafter the precipitation and purification steps higher than 95%. Conclusion: A novel and innovative process for the extraction of REEs from secondary sources has been investigated in this paper, demonstrating strong potential for its implementation. The REEEs recovery rate and the purity obtained  together  with the low environmental impact of this process compared to conventional ones can contribute to a greener future where the usage of REEs will presumably be even more relevant.

scholarly journals Ionic Liquid-Based Non-Aqueous Electrolytes for Nickel/Metal Hydride Batteries

Batteries ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiejun Meng ◽  
Kwo-Hsiung Young ◽  
Diana Wong ◽  
Jean Nei
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Metal Hydride ◽  
Aqueous Electrolytes ◽  
Nickel Metal ◽  
Nickel Metal Hydride

scholarly journals Analysis of Sustainable Methods to Recover Neodymium

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 550-563
Author(s):  
Kalani Periyapperuma ◽  
Laura Sanchez-Cupido ◽  
Jennifer M. Pringle ◽  
Cristina Pozo-Gonzalo
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Hard Disk Drives ◽  
Rechargeable Batteries ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Nickel Metal ◽  
Nickel Metal Hydride ◽  
The Impact

Neodymium (Nd) is one of the most essential rare-earth metals due to its outstanding properties and crucial role in green energy technologies such as wind turbines and electric vehicles. Some of the key uses includes permanent magnets present in technological applications such as mobile phones and hard disk drives, and in nickel metal hydride batteries. Nd demand is continually growing, but reserves are severely limited, which has put its continued availability at risk. Nd recovery from end-of-life products is one of the most interesting ways to tackle the availability challenge. This perspective concentrates on the different methods to recover Nd from permanent magnets and rechargeable batteries, covering the most developed processes, hydrometallurgy and pyrometallurgy, and with a special focus on electrodeposition using highly electrochemical stable media (e.g., ionic liquids). Among all the ionic liquid chemistries, only phosphonium ionic liquids have been studied in-depth, exploring the impact of temperature, electrodeposition potential, salt concentration, additives (e.g., water) and solvation on the electrodeposition quality and quantity. Finally, the importance of investigating new ionic liquid chemistries, as well as the effect of other metal impurities in the ionic liquid on the deposit composition or the stability of the ionic liquids are discussed. This points to important directions for future work in the field to achieve the important goal of efficient and selective Nd recovery to overcome the increasingly critical supply problems.

Green separation of lanthanum, cerium and nickel from waste nickel metal hydride battery

2021 ◽  
Vol 125 ◽  
pp. 154-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia J.R. Vargas ◽  
Nicolas Schaeffer ◽  
Jamille C. Souza ◽  
Luis H.M. da Silva ◽  
Maria C. Hespanhol
Keyword(s):  
Metal Hydride ◽  
Nickel Metal ◽  
Nickel Metal Hydride ◽  
Nickel Metal Hydride Battery ◽  
Green Separation ◽  
Hydride Battery
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