Association of symptom severity, pain and other behavioral and medical comorbidities with diverse measures of functioning among adults with post-traumatic stress disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 134 ◽  
pp. 113-120
Author(s):  
Ajay Manhapra ◽  
Elina A. Stefanovics ◽  
Taeho Greg Rhee ◽  
Robert A. Rosenheck
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Medical Comorbidities ◽  
Post Traumatic

Prediction of Outcome for Veterans with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Using Constructs from the Transtheoretical Model of Behaviour Change

2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 590-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Rooney ◽  
Caroline Hunt ◽  
Leanne Humphreys ◽  
David Harding ◽  
Miriam Mullen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Readiness To Change ◽  
Processes Of Change ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Predictive Utility ◽  
Post Traumatic

Objective: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a disabling condition, sometimes unresponsive to treatment. The aim of the present study was to examine the predictive utility of constructs from the transtheoretical model of behaviour change (TTM) known to predict outcome for other disorders. Method: A sample of 50 veterans presenting for a PTSD treatment programme provided data for this longitudinal study. Variables were assessed at four time-points during the treatment programme. Multiple regression and mixed-effects regression were utilized to determine the predictive utility of variables from the TTM. Results: Allocated stage of change at the time of a 2 day introduction programme predicted follow-up symptom severity, but changes therein during treatment did not predict changes in symptom severity. However, changes in the continuous readiness-to-change variable and behavioural processes of change were predictive of such changes. Conclusions: Despite some difficulties in the application of the TTM to PTSD, the model does appear to predict treatment outcome. Veterans who have increased readiness to change and who make more use of behavioural processes of change are likely to have improved outcomes.

scholarly journals Symptom severity impacts sympathetic dysregulation and inflammation in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. 260-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ida T. Fonkoue ◽  
Paul J. Marvar ◽  
Seth Norrholm ◽  
Yunxiao Li ◽  
Melanie L. Kankam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic

scholarly journals Post-traumatic stress disorder symptom duration and remission in relation to cardiovascular disease risk among a large cohort of women

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 1370-1378 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Gilsanz ◽  
A. Winning ◽  
K. C. Koenen ◽  
A. L. Roberts ◽  
J. A. Sumner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Symptom Duration ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Post Traumatic

BackgroundPrior studies suggest that post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with elevated cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, but effects of duration and remission of PTSD symptoms have rarely been evaluated.MethodWe examined the association of time-updated PTSD symptom severity, remission and duration with incident CVD risk (552 confirmed myocardial infarctions or strokes) over 20 years in 49 859 women in the Nurses’ Health Study II. Among women who reported trauma on the Brief Trauma Questionnaire, PTSD symptoms, assessed by a screener, were classified by symptom severity and chronicity: (a) no symptoms, (b) 1–3 ongoing, (c) 4–5 ongoing, (d) 6–7 ongoing, (e) 1–3 remitted, (f) 4–7 remitted symptoms. Inverse probability weighting was used to estimate marginal structural logistic regression models, adjusting for time-varying and time-invariant confounders.ResultsCompared with women with no trauma exposure, women with trauma/no PTSD [odds ratio (OR) 1.30, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03–1.65] and women with trauma/6–7 symptoms (OR 1.69, 95% CI 1.08–2.63) had elevated risk of CVD; women with remitted symptoms did not have elevated CVD risk. Among women exposed to trauma, every 5 additional years of PTSD symptomology was associated with 9% higher CVD incidence compared with women with trauma/no PTSD.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that alleviating PTSD symptoms shortly after onset may attenuate CVD risk.

scholarly journals Post-traumatic stress disorder in Italy: a comprehensive evaluation of all the ICD comorbidities and gender-related differences

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Ferretti ◽  
Andrea Pozza ◽  
Letizia Bossini ◽  
Serena Desantis ◽  
Miriam Olivola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Connective Tissue Diseases ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Objectives The association between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and medical comorbidities is controversial since most studies focused on specific comorbidity and victim types. In Italy, data on this issue are scarce. A comprehensive evaluation of all the ICD medical categories co-occurring in PTSD may orient assessment and treatment during clinical and forensic practice. This is the first study evaluating all the ICD physical comorbidities and gender-related differences in Italian PTSD patients. Eighty-four PTSD patients (36 females, 48 males) were included. The Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale, Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview and Davidson Trauma Scale were administered. Results Most patients had a PTSD consequent to an accident and half of them presented extreme symptom severity. No gender differences emerged on symptom severity/duration and age at the event. Metabolic (39.29%), circulatory (20.24%) and musculoskeletal systems/connective tissue diseases (17.86%) were the most frequent comorbidities. Metabolic/circulatory diseases were more frequent among males (p = 0.019 and p = 0.027, respectively) while females more frequently showed neoplasms (p = 0.039). Physical comorbidities represent a serious complication in PTSD patients and are more prevalent than in the Italian population. While gender is not associated with symptom presentation, it seems to play a key role in specific comorbidities including metabolic, circulatory and neoplastic diseases.

Depression in post-traumatic stress disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 703-722
Author(s):  
Milen L. Radell ◽  
Eid Abo Hamza ◽  
Ahmed A. Moustafa
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Behavioral Measures ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Post Traumatic

AbstractMajor depressive disorder (MDD) symptoms commonly occur after trauma-exposure, both alone and in combination with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This article reviews recent research on comorbidity between these disorders, including its implications for symptom severity and response to treatment. Despite considerable symptom overlap, the two disorders represent distinct constructs and depend, at least in part, on separate biological mechanisms. Both, however, are also clearly related to stress psychopathology. We recommend that more research focus specifically on the study of individual differences in symptom expression in order to identify distinct subgroups of individuals and develop targeted treatments. However, a barrier to this line of inquiry is the trend of excluding particular patients from clinical trials of new interventions based on symptom severity or comorbidity. Another obstacle is the overreliance on self-report measures in human research. We argue that developing computer-based behavioral measures in order to supplement self-report can help address this challenge. Furthermore, we propose that these measures can help tie findings from human and non-human animal research. A number of paradigms have been used to model MDD-and PTSD-like behavior in animals. These models remain valuable for understanding the biological basis of these disorders in humans and for identifying potential interventions, but they have been underused for the study of comorbidity. Although the interpretation of animal behavior remains a concern, we propose that this can also be overcome through the development of close human analogs to animal paradigms.

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