MP9-16 THE IMPACT OF SEAT BELTS AND AIRBAGS ON HIGH GRADE RENAL INJURIES AND NEPHRECTOMY RATES IN MOTOR VEHICLE COLLISIONS

A review of the management of 239 patients with sternal fractures in a busy trauma center between October 1989 and May 2000 was undertaken to determine the incidence, significance, morbidity, and mortality of this injury. There were 140 men and 99 women with a mean age of 50.3 years (range, 15 to 93 years). Sternal fractures accounted for 8% of admissions for thoracic trauma. The causes were motor vehicle collisions in 215 patients (90%) and falls or direct blows in 24 (10%). Only 64 of 204 car accident patients (31%), 28 men and 36 women, were restrained by seat belts. Complications developed in 13 patients (5.4%). Mortality rate was 0.8%. Mean length of stay in the ward was 6.4 days (range, 1 to 32 days). Four patients (1.7%) underwent surgery. The results show that isolated sternal fractures have low associated morbidity and mortality. Admission is justified for the management of pain and treatment of cardiac complications and concomitant injuries.

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The Impact of Psychosocial and Contextual Factors on Individuals Who Sustain Whiplash-Associated Disorders in Motor Vehicle Collisions

Psychological Injury and Law ◽

10.1007/s12207-018-9317-y ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 218-232 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Dennis C. Turk ◽

James P. Robinson ◽

Melanie P. Duckworth

Keyword(s):

Motor Vehicle ◽

Contextual Factors ◽

Motor Vehicle Collisions ◽

Vehicle Collisions ◽

Whiplash Associated Disorders ◽

The Impact

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Biomechanical Analysis of Late Airbag Deployment in Motor Vehicle Crashes Using Computer Simulation

ASME 2007 Summer Bioengineering Conference ◽

10.1115/sbc2007-176654 ◽

2007 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Russell Frieder ◽

Sri Kumar

Keyword(s):

Computer Simulation ◽

Motor Vehicle ◽

Biomechanical Analysis ◽

Seat Belts ◽

Motor Vehicle Collisions ◽

Vehicle Collisions ◽

Restraint Use ◽

Airbag Deployment ◽

Safety Systems ◽

Frontal Collisions

Motor vehicle collisions frequently result in serious or fatal inuries to occupants [1–4]. Frontal collisions are amongst the most severe types of accidents. The use of safety systems such as seat belts and airbags has been shown to reduce the severity of injuries sustained by occupants [5–10]. It is well known that frontal airbags act as supplemental restraints to seat belts in protecting occupants. Airbag deployment occurs through a reaction of chemicals in the inflator that rapidly produces gas and fills the canvas bag. The filled bag acts a cushion between the occupant and the vehicle’s interior components. The supplemental restraint provided by the airbag increases the amount of time and distance over which the occupant’s body decelerates, and accordingly reduces the potential for injury. The time at which the airbag deployment is initiated during the crash sequence can have an effect on the nature of the contact between occupant and airbag. Though properly timed, frontal airbags have been shown to reduce injuries sustained to occupants[11], it has been reported that airbags that deploy too late may cause injury[12]. To date, there have been a very limited number of studies that have addressed the biomechanical effects of late airbag deployment. The purpose of this study is to determine the biomechanical effects of late airbag deployment and restraint use on various sizes of occupants through computer simulation.

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Empty Streets, Speeding and Motor Vehicle Collisions during Covid-19 Lockdowns: Evidence from Northern Ireland

10.1101/2021.01.03.21249173 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sotiris Vandoros ◽

Fotis Papailias

Keyword(s):

Northern Ireland ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Motor Vehicle ◽

Spillover Effects ◽

Motor Vehicle Collisions ◽

Vehicle Collisions ◽

Monthly Data ◽

Steep Decline ◽

Serious Injuries ◽

The Impact

AbstractCovid-19 and lockdowns have had spillover effects on other health outcomes. Motor vehicle collisions (MVC) are likely to have been affected by the pandemic due to, among others, less traffic volume and speeding on empty streets. This paper studies the impact of the pandemic on MVCs in Northern Ireland. Using monthly data on injuries and deaths, we find a steep decline in slight and serious injuries compared to what would have been expected in the absence of the pandemic. However, we find no effect on the number of deaths. Based on data from speeding tickets, a plausible explanation for the differential effect on the number of injuries and deaths is speeding on empty streets during the pandemic.

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Examining the impact of cycle lanes on cyclist-motor vehicle collisions in the city of Toronto

Journal of Transport & Health ◽

10.1016/j.jth.2016.04.002 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 523-528 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Deepit Bhatia ◽

Sarah A. Richmond ◽

C.K. Jennifer Loo ◽

Linda Rothman ◽

Colin Macarthur ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Motor Vehicle ◽

Motor Vehicle Collisions ◽

Vehicle Collisions ◽

The Impact ◽

The City

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The impact of pedestrian countdown signals on pedestrian-motor vehicle collisions: a reanalysis of data from a quasi-experimental study

Injury Prevention ◽

10.1136/injuryprev-2012-040717 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 155-158 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Sarah A Richmond ◽

Andrew R Willan ◽

Linda Rothman ◽

Andi Camden ◽

Ron Buliung ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Motor Vehicle ◽

Motor Vehicle Collisions ◽

Vehicle Collisions ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

The Impact

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COVID-19, lockdowns and motor vehicle collisions: empirical evidence from Greece

Injury Prevention ◽

10.1136/injuryprev-2020-044139 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. injuryprev-2020-044139

Author(s):

Sotiris Vandoros

Keyword(s):

Motor Vehicle ◽

Motor Vehicle Collisions ◽

Vehicle Collisions ◽

Steep Decline ◽

Level I ◽

Minor Injuries ◽

Econometric Approach ◽

Serious Injuries ◽

Reduced Mobility ◽

The Impact

Reduced mobility during COVID-19 lockdowns means not only fewer vehicles at risk of collision, but also an opportunity to speed on empty streets. The objective of this paper is to examine the impact of the first wave of the pandemic and the first lockdown on motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) and associated injuries and deaths in Greece. Using monthly data at the regional unit level, I provide descriptive evidence and subsequently follow a difference-in-differences econometric approach, comparing trends in 2020 with those of the previous 5 years while controlling for unemployment and petrol prices. I found a steep decline in collisions, injuries and deaths compared with what would have been otherwise expected. In March and April 2020, there were about 1226 fewer collisions, 72 fewer deaths, 40 fewer serious injuries and 1426 fewer minor injuries compared with what would have been expected in the absence of the pandemic.

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Covid-19, Lockdowns and Motor Vehicle Collisions: Empirical Evidence from Greece

10.1101/2020.12.26.20248883 ◽

2021 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sotiris Vandoros

Keyword(s):

Motor Vehicle ◽

Motor Vehicle Collisions ◽

Vehicle Collisions ◽

Steep Decline ◽

Level I ◽

Minor Injuries ◽

Econometric Approach ◽

Serious Injuries ◽

Reduced Mobility ◽

The Impact

AbstractReduced mobility during Covid-19 lockdowns means fewer vehicles at risk of collision, but also an opportunity to speed on empty streets. Other collision risk factors that have changed during the pandemic include alcohol consumption, sleeping patterns, distraction, unemployment and economic uncertainty. Evidence on the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on motor vehicle collisions is scarce, as such statistics are often released with a delay. The objective of this paper is to examine the impact of the first wave of the pandemic and the first lockdown on motor vehicle collisions and associated injuries and deaths in Greece. Using monthly data at the regional unit level, I provide descriptive evidence and subsequently follow a difference-in-difference econometric approach, comparing trends in 2020 to those of the previous five years while controlling for unemployment and petrol prices. I found a steep decline in collisions, injuries and deaths compared to what would have been otherwise expected. In March and April 2020, there were about 1,226 fewer collisions, 72 fewer deaths, 40 fewer serious injuries and 1,426 fewer minor injuries compared to what would have been expected in the absence of the pandemic.

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