Disclosing the mysteries of the central nervous system sanctuary for acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 699-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vito Pistoia ◽  
Lizzia Raffaghello
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Leukemia Cells ◽  
The Central Nervous System

scholarly journals Pharmacogenetics of the Central Nervous System—Toxicity and Relapse Affecting the CNS in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2333
Author(s):  
Judit C. Sági ◽  
András Gézsi ◽  
Bálint Egyed ◽  
Zsuzsanna Jakab ◽  
Noémi Benedek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Toxic Encephalopathy ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Central Nervous System Toxicity ◽  
Cns Relapse ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Despite improving cure rates in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), therapeutic side effects and relapse are ongoing challenges. These can also affect the central nervous system (CNS). Our aim was to identify germline gene polymorphisms that influence the risk of CNS events. Sixty single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 20 genes were genotyped in a Hungarian non-matched ALL cohort of 36 cases with chemotherapy related acute toxic encephalopathy (ATE) and 544 controls. Five significant SNPs were further analyzed in an extended Austrian-Czech-NOPHO cohort (n = 107 cases, n = 211 controls) but none of the associations could be validated. Overall populations including all nations’ matched cohorts for ATE (n = 426) with seizure subgroup (n = 133) and posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES, n = 251) were analyzed, as well. We found that patients with ABCB1 rs1045642, rs1128503 or rs2032582 TT genotypes were more prone to have seizures but those with rs1045642 TT developed PRES less frequently. The same SNPs were also examined in relation to ALL relapse on a case-control matched cohort of 320 patients from all groups. Those with rs1128503 CC or rs2032582 GG genotypes showed higher incidence of CNS relapse. Our results suggest that blood-brain-barrier drug transporter gene-polymorphisms might have an inverse association with seizures and CNS relapse.

scholarly journals Metabolic adaptation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia to the central nervous system microenvironment depends on stearoyl-CoA desaturase

Nature Cancer ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (10) ◽  
pp. 998-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Maria Savino ◽  
Sara Isabel Fernandes ◽  
Orianne Olivares ◽  
Anna Zemlyansky ◽  
Antony Cousins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Metabolic Adaptation ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Stearoyl Coa Desaturase

Second central nervous system prophylaxis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who relapse after elective cessation of therapy.

1983 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. 471-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Rivera ◽  
S L George ◽  
W P Bowman ◽  
D Kalwinsky ◽  
J Ochs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Intrathecal Methotrexate ◽  
Cns Prophylaxis ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Central Nervous System

A treatment plan to achieve better disease control in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who relapse after elective cessation of therapy was assessed. The principal modifications were (1) a second preventive treatment of the central nervous system (CNS) at relapse and every six weeks throughout therapy, using intrathecal methotrexate with cytosine arabinoside, and (2) a four-week course of systemic chemotherapy given immediately before therapy was stopped a second time. Twenty-four patients were studied. There have been no meningeal relapses, in contrast to seven among 16 similar patients who were retreated without CNS prophylaxis. Although the median length of second hematologic remission was not significantly different from the outcome in the comparison group, a much higher proportion of patients (eight of 24 versus zero of 17) remain in prolonged reinduced complete remission (48-79 months). Children whose first relapse occurred later than six months after cessation of therapy had significantly longer subsequent remissions. These end results establish the value of intrathecal CNS prophylaxis in relapsed ALL and suggest that a late intensive phase of therapy will extend remissions in a substantial proportion of patients.

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