Evaluating the influence of candidate terrestrial protected areas on coral reef condition in Fiji

The coral reefs are a sundry of marine life. Which one is reef fish in family Chaetodontidae. This fish is indicator of the coral reef condition. The aim from the research is : discover of spatial distribution of the reef fish family Chaetodontidae and find out of the intercourse of reef fish family Chaetodontidae with the coral reef presence based on growth of coral form. The research was do in the coral reef at Marine Protected Areas in Bahoi Village District of West Likupang North Minahasa Regency, on Tuesday, December 23rd, 2014. The research is using to do the surveying method. The data is collecting distribution of the fish Chaetodontidae (amount from species and individuals to using by technic visual census). The total of reef fish family Chaetodontidae those found in Marina Protected Areas in Bahoi Village is about 20 species, with total of the individuals at a depth of 3 meters and 10 meters is (56,66 and 57,33 individuals/150m2). Keywords : Coral reefs, Chaetodontidae, Bahoi ABSTRAK Terumbu karang merupakan tempat berbagai macam biota laut. Salah satu Ikan karang adalah ikan famili Chaetodontidae. Ikan ini merupakan ikan indikator terumbu karang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini : mengetahui kelimpahan dari ikan karang famili Chaetodontidae. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Daerah Perlindungan Laut Desa Bahoi Kecamatan Likupang Barat Kabupaten Minahasa Utara, pada hari selasa, tanggal 23 Desember 2014. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah kelimpahan ikan Chaetodontidae (Jumlah spesies dan individu dengan menggunakan teknik sensus visual). Jumlah ikan karang famili Chaetodontidae yang di temukan di Daerah Perlindungan Laut Desa Bahoi berjumlah 20 spesies, dengan jumlah individu pada kedalaman 3 meter dan 10 meter berjumlah (56,66 individu/150m2 dan 57,33/150m2 individu). Kata kunci : Terumbu karang, Chaetodontidae, Bahoi 1Bagian dari skripsi 2Mahasiswa Program Studi Manajemen Sumberdaya Perairan FPIK-UNSRAT 3Staf pengajar Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Sam Ratulangi

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Coral reef condition in several dive points around Bunaken Island, North Sulawesi

AQUATIC SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT ◽

10.35800/jasm.0.0.2014.7306 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 44

Author(s):

Robert Towoliu

Keyword(s):

Coral Reef ◽

Coral Cover ◽

Integrated Management ◽

Good Condition ◽

Live Coral ◽

Core Zone ◽

Integrated Management System ◽

North Sulawesi ◽

Live Coral Cover ◽

Reef Condition

In order to know the coral reef conditions at several diving points around Bunaken Island, three dive locations (Ron’s point, Lekuan, and Tawara) were chosen as representative locations receiving pressures from snorkeling and SCUBA diving activities, while core zone was representative of location for no diving and fishing activities. Results showed that location with diving activities had live coral cover ranging from 16.89% to 45.78% at 3 and 10m depths, with condition range of bad to moderate, while the location for no diving and fishing activities (core zone) had live coral cover of 55.03% at 3m and 58.15% at 10m, respectively, with good condition category. The present study indicated that the diving activities have affected the coral reef condition, so that a sustainable integrated management system is needed to use the marine ecotourism potency without degrading the coral reef condition in Bunaken Island. Untuk mengetahui kondisi terumbu karang di beberapa lokasi penyelaman di Pulau Bunaken, tiga lokasi penyelaman(Ron’s point, Lekuan, dan Tawara) dipilih mewakili lokasi dengan tekanan aktivitas penyelaman snorkeling maupun SCUBA, sedangkan satu lokasi lainnya yaitu zona inti dipilih mewakili lokasi tanpa aktivitas penyelaman maupun aktivitas penangkapan ikan. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa lokasi dengan tekanan aktivitas penyelaman memiliki prosentase tutupan karang batu/hidup berkisar antara 16,89% - 45,78% pada kedalaman 3 dan 10m, dengan kategori kondisi terumbu karang buruk sampai cukup, sedangkan pada lokasi yang tidak memiliki aktivitas penyelaman memiliki prosentase tutupan karang batu/hidup sebesar 53,03% pada 3m dan 58,15% pada 10m dengan kategori kondisi terumbu karang adalah baik. Hasil penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa aktivitas penyelaman snorkeling maupun SCUBA berdampak pada kondisi terumbu karang di Pulau Bunaken, sehingga sangat diperlukan system pengelolaan yang terpadu dan berkesinambungan dalam memanfaatkan secara maksimal potensi ekowisata bahari tanpa merusak ekosistem terumbu karang di Pulau Bunaken.

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Coral reef condition at north coastal of Haruku Island Maluku Tengah

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/777/1/012042 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 777 (1) ◽

pp. 012042

Author(s):

G V Limmon ◽

G D Manuputty

Keyword(s):

Coral Reef ◽

Reef Condition

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Connectivity and resilience of coral reef metapopulations in marine protected areas: matching empirical efforts to predictive needs

Coral Reefs ◽

10.1007/s00338-009-0466-z ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 327-337 ◽

Cited By ~ 209

Author(s):

L. W. Botsford ◽

J. W. White ◽

M.- A. Coffroth ◽

C. B. Paris ◽

S. Planes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coral Reef ◽

Protected Areas ◽

Marine Protected Areas

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THE DISTRIBUTION OF BENTHIC FORAMINIFERA IN DAMAR ISLAND AND JUKUNG ISLAND, SERIBU ISLANDS

Marine Research in Indonesia ◽

10.14203/mri.v35i2.10 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 35 (2) ◽

pp. 9-14

Author(s):

Suhartati M. Natsir

Keyword(s):

Coral Reef ◽

Warning System ◽

Reef Growth ◽

Sunda Shelf ◽

Benthic Foraminifers ◽

Reef Degradation ◽

Assessment And Monitoring ◽

Coral Reef Degradation ◽

Reef Condition

Seribu Islands are archipelago within Jakarta Bay built upon the pleistocene coral formation of the Sunda Shelf. The islands are characterized by unique and high biodiversity such as coral reefs. Since coral reef degradation would lead to a decrease of human prosperity, the determination of the coral reef quality is of high importance. Foraminifera offers an early warning system for the coral reef condition, as exemplified by the FORAM Index, i.e. Foraminifera in Reef Assessment and Monitoring Index. This study compared the foraminiferal community structure and the FORAM Index of two islands between the Damar Besar and Jukung. Both islands were dominated by symbiont-bearing foraminifera of the genera Amphistegina, Calcarina, Heterostegina, Marginophora, and Operculina. However, the number of benthic foraminifers at Jukung Island was higher than that at Damar Besar Island, having 17 individuals per species on average. Jukung Island was a conducive site to reef growth, as indicated by a FORAM Index (between 6,48 and 6,57), and Damar Besar Island was liable to environmental change.

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Education as a tool for coral reef conservation: lessons from marine protected areas

Coral Reef Conservation ◽

10.1017/cbo9780511804472.016 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 419-454 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lisa J. Browning ◽

R. Andrew O. Finlay ◽

Lorna R. E. Fox

Keyword(s):

Coral Reef ◽

Protected Areas ◽

Marine Protected Areas ◽

Coral Reef Conservation

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Effectiveness of small locally-managed marine protected areas for coral reef fisheries management in the Philippines

Ocean & Coastal Management ◽

10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2019.104831 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 179 ◽

pp. 104831 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Richard N. Muallil ◽

Melchor R. Deocadez ◽

Renmar Jun S. Martinez ◽

Wilfredo L. Campos ◽

Samuel S. Mamauag ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coral Reef ◽

Protected Areas ◽

Fisheries Management ◽

Marine Protected Areas ◽

The Philippines ◽

Coral Reef Fisheries

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Declining abundance of coral reef fish in a World-Heritage-listed marine park

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-52016-9 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mathew A. Vanderklift ◽

Russell C. Babcock ◽

Fabio Boschetti ◽

Michael D. E. Haywood ◽

Richard D. Pillans ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coral Reef ◽

Protected Areas ◽

Reef Fish ◽

Coral Reef Fish ◽

Temporal Trends ◽

World Heritage ◽

Hard Coral ◽

Absolute Abundance ◽

Marine Park ◽

Recreation Zone

Abstract One of the most robust metrics for assessing the effectiveness of protected areas is the temporal trend in the abundance of the species they are designed to protect. We surveyed coral-reef fish and living hard coral in and adjacent to a sanctuary zone (SZ: where all forms of fishing are prohibited) in the World Heritage-listed Ningaloo Marine Park during a 10-year period. There were generally more individuals and greater biomass of many fish taxa (especially emperors and parrotfish) in the SZ than the adjacent recreation zone (RZ: where recreational fishing is allowed) — so log response ratios of abundance were usually positive in each year. However, despite this, there was an overall decrease in both SZ and RZ in absolute abundance of some taxa by up to 22% per year, including taxa that are explicitly targeted (emperors) by fishers and taxa that are neither targeted nor frequently captured (most wrasses and butterflyfish). A concomitant decline in the abundance (measured as percentage cover) of living hard coral of 1–7% per year is a plausible explanation for the declining abundance of butterflyfish, but declines in emperors might be more plausibly due to fishing. Our study highlights that information on temporal trends in absolute abundance is needed to assess whether the goals of protected areas are being met: in our study, patterns in absolute abundance across ten years of surveys revealed trends that simple ratios of abundance did not.

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