scholarly journals Inactivation of vimentin in satellite glial cells affects dorsal root ganglion intermediate filament expression and neuronal axon growth in vitro

2021 ◽  
pp. 103659
Author(s):  
Araksya Izmiryan ◽  
Zhenlin Li ◽  
Fatiha Nothias ◽  
Joel Eyer ◽  
Denise Paulin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dorsal Root Ganglion ◽  
Glial Cells ◽  
Intermediate Filament ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Axon Growth ◽  
Satellite Glial Cells

Perspectives in Pain Research 2014: Neuroinflammation and glial cell activation: The cause of transition from acute to chronic pain?

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian E. Cairns ◽  
Lars Arendt-Nielsen ◽  
Paola Sacerdote
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Dorsal Root Ganglion ◽  
Glial Cell ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Glial Cells ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Satellite Glial Cells

AbstractBackgroundIt is unknown why an acute pain condition under various circumstances can transition into a chronic pain condition.There has been a shift towards neuroinflammation and hence glial cell activations specifically in the dorsal root ganglion and spinal cord as a mechanism possibly driving the transition to chronic pain. This has led to a focus on non-neuronal cells in the peripheral and central nervous system. Besides infiltrating macrophages, Schwann cells and satellite glial cells release cytokines and therefore important mechanisms in the maintenance of pain. Activated Schwann cells, satellite glial cells, microglia, and astrocytes may contribute to pain sensitivity by releasing cytokines leading to altered neuronal function in the direction of sensitisation.Aims of this perspective paper1) Highlight the complex but important recent achievement in the area of neuroinflammation and pain at spinal cord level and in the dorsal root ganglion.2) Encourage further research which hopefully may provide better understanding of new key elements driving the transition from acute to chronic pain.Recent results in the area of neuroinflammation and painFollowing a sciatic nerve injury, local macrophages, and Schwann cells trigger an immune response immediately followed by recruitment of blood-derived immune cells. Schwann cells, active resident, and infiltrating macrophages release proinflammatory cytokines. Proinflammatory cytokines contribute to axonal damage and also stimulate spontaneous nociceptor activity. This results in activation of satellite glial cells leading to an immune response in the dorsal root ganglia driven by macrophages, lymphocytes and satellite cells. The anterograde signalling progresses centrally to activate spinal microglia with possible up regulation of glial-derived proinflammatory/pronociceptive mediators.An important aspect is extrasegmental spreading sensitisation where bilateral elevations in TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 are found in dorsal root ganglion in neuropathic models. Similarly in inflammatory pain models, bilateral up regulation occurs for TNF-α, IL-1 β, and p38 MAPK. Bilateral alterations in cytokine levels in the DRG and spinal cord may underlie the spread of pain to the uninjured side.An important aspect is how the opioids may interact with immune cells as opioid receptors are expressed by peripheral immune cells and thus can induce immune signaling changes. Furthermore, opioids may stimulate microglia cells to produce proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1.ConclusionsThe present perspective paper indicates that neuroinflammation and the associated release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in dorsal root ganglion and at the spinal cord contribute to the transition from acute to chronic pain. Neuroinflammatory changes have not only been identified in the spinal cord and brainstem, but more recently, in the sensory ganglia and in the nerves as well. The glial cell activation may be responsible for contralateral spreading and possible widespread sensitisation.ImplicationsCommunication between glia and neurons is proposed to be a critical component of neuroinflammatory changes that may lead to chronic pain. Sensory ganglia neurons are surrounded by satellite glial cells but how communication between the cells contributes to altered pain sensitivity is still unknown. Better understanding may lead to new possibilities for (1) preventing development of chronic pain and (2) better pain management.

Satellite glial cells in the mammalian dorsal root ganglion are dye coupled

1997 ◽  
Vol 237 ◽  
pp. S42
Author(s):  
D. Rosenthal ◽  
P. Cherkas ◽  
M. Hannani
Keyword(s):  
Dorsal Root Ganglion ◽  
Glial Cells ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Satellite Glial Cells

scholarly journals Netrin Inhibits Regenerative Axon Growth of Adult Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons in Vitro

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joo-In Park ◽  
In-Ae Seo ◽  
Hyun-Kyoung Lee ◽  
Hwan-Tae Park ◽  
Sung-Won Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dorsal Root Ganglion ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Axon Growth ◽  
Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons ◽  
Ganglion Neurons

scholarly journals Satellite Glial Cells of the Dorsal Root Ganglion: A New “Guest/Physiopathological Target” in ALS

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Ruiz-Soto ◽  
Javier Riancho ◽  
Olga Tapia ◽  
Miguel Lafarga ◽  
María T. Berciano
Keyword(s):  
Dorsal Root Ganglion ◽  
Glial Cells ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Satellite Glial Cells

scholarly journals Influence of nutrient medium composition on the morphological characteristics of culture of dorsal root ganglion cells of neonatal piglets

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Dorsal Root Ganglion ◽  
Glial Cells ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Satellite Glial Cells ◽  
Neonatal Piglets

Dorsal root ganglion (DRG) is a potential source of neural stem cells because it contains neural crest derived cells that are capable to differentiate into neurons and glial cells. Cell cultures obtained from animals that are close to humans by physiological characteristics can be regarded as an adequate modern model for in vitro studies. In this respect, DRG cell culture obtained from the domestic pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) is a convenient model. The aim of the work was to obtain a primary cell culture of DRG of neonatal piglets and to study its morphological and proliferative properties depending on culture medium composition. The composition of the media prepared on the basis of α-MEM varied depending on the presence of fetal calf serum (FCS) or its modern supplements B-27 and NeuroMax. It is established that morphological differences of primary DRG cell cultures of neonatal pigs depend on the composition of the nutrient medium. When cultured in the presence of 10% FCS, the formation of monolayer which includes satellite glial cells (SGC) and fibroblast-like cells was observed. Small colonies of neurons producing long processes were on the monolayer. When cultured in the presence of NeuroMax and B-27 supplements, the bulk of the cells is not attached, but organized into floating multicellular spheroids (MS). With the passage of culture obtained in the presence of 10% FCS, rapid attachment and proliferation of cells was observed. When MS obtained in the presence of NeuroMax and B-27 were transferred to the medium with 10% FCS, the attachment of MS to the substrate and cell migration were observed. The cells retain the ability to actively proliferate, because the monolayer achieves confluence by 5–7 days of subculture. Regardless of the composition of the primary culture medium, there were 3 morphologically different types of cells in the subcultures: SGC, neuron-like and fibroblast-like cells. The type of cells prevailing in the subculture depends on the composition of the nutrient medium. When MS is transferred from a B-27-containing medium, a significant growth of fibroblast-like cells is observed, whereas when MS is transferred from NeuroMax-containing medium MG and neuron-like cells were abundant.

Sciatic nerve injury induces apoptosis of dorsal root ganglion satellite glial cells and selectively modifies neurosteroidogenesis in sensory neurons

Glia ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
V��ronique Schaeffer ◽  
Laurence Meyer ◽  
Christine Patte-mensah ◽  
Anne Eckert ◽  
Ayikoe G. Mensah-nyagan
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Dorsal Root Ganglion ◽  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Glial Cells ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Sciatic Nerve Injury ◽  
Satellite Glial Cells

scholarly journals A novel primary culture method for high-purity satellite glial cells derived from rat dorsal root ganglion

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Hui Guo ◽  
Li-Yan Li ◽  
Xian-Bin Wang ◽  
Wei Ma ◽  
Tao Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dorsal Root Ganglion ◽  
Primary Culture ◽  
Glial Cells ◽  
High Purity ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Satellite Glial Cells
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