scholarly journals Using e-diaries to investigate ADHD – State-of-the-art and the promising feature of just-in-time-adaptive interventions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena D. Koch ◽  
Talar R. Moukhtarian ◽  
Caroline Skirrow ◽  
Natali Bozhilova ◽  
Philip Asherson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Just In Time ◽  
Adaptive Interventions

scholarly journals Key facets to build up eHealth and mHealth interventions to enhance physical activity, sedentary behavior and nutrition in healthy subjects – An umbrella review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janis Fiedler ◽  
Tobias Eckert ◽  
Kathrin Wunsch ◽  
Alexander Woll
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Just In Time ◽  
Umbrella Review ◽  
Behavior Change Techniques ◽  
Adaptive Interventions ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Electronic (eHealth) and mobile (mHealth) health interventions can provide a large coverage, and are promising tools to change health behavior (i.e. physical activity, sedentary behavior and healthy eating). However, the determinants of intervention effectiveness in primary prevention has not been explored yet. Therefore, the objectives of this umbrella review were to evaluate intervention effectiveness, to explore the impact of pre-defined determinants of effectiveness (i.e. theoretical foundations, behavior change techniques, social contexts or just-in-time adaptive interventions), and to provide recommendations for future research and practice in the field of primary prevention delivered via e/mHealth technology.Methods: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library were searched for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (reviews) published between January 1990 and May 2020. Reviews reporting on e/mHealth behavior change interventions in physical activity, sedentary behavior and/or healthy eating for healthy subjects (i.e. subjects without physical or physiological morbidities which would influence the realization of behaviors targeted by the respective interventions) were included if they also investigated respective theoretical foundations, behavior change techniques, social contexts or just-in-time adaptive interventions. Included studies were ranked concerning their methodological quality and qualitatively synthesized.Results: The systematic search reveled eleven systematic reviews and meta-analyses of moderate quality. The majority of original research studies within the reviews found e/mHealth interventions to be effective, but the results showed a high heterogeneity concerning assessment methods and outcomes, making them difficult to compare. Whereas theoretical foundation and behavior change techniques were suggested to be potential positive determinants of effective interventions, the impact of social context remains unclear. None of the reviews included just-in-time adaptive interventions.Conclusion: Findings of this umbrella review support the use of e/mHealth to enhance physical activity and healthy eating and reduce sedentary behavior. The general lack of precise reporting and comparison of confounding variables in reviews and original research studies as well as the limited number of reviews for each health behavior constrains the generalization and interpretation of results. Further research is needed on study-level to investigate effects of versatile determinants of e/mHealth efficiency, using a theoretical foundation and additionally explore the impact of social contexts and more sophisticated approaches like just-in-time adaptive interventions.Trial registration: The protocol for this umbrella review was a priori registered with PROSPERO: CRD42020147902.

scholarly journals Key facets to build up eHealth and mHealth interventions to enhance physical activity, sedentary behavior and nutrition in healthy subjects – an umbrella review

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janis Fiedler ◽  
Tobias Eckert ◽  
Kathrin Wunsch ◽  
Alexander Woll
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Just In Time ◽  
Umbrella Review ◽  
Behavior Change Techniques ◽  
Adaptive Interventions ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Electronic (eHealth) and mobile (mHealth) health interventions can provide a large coverage, and are promising tools to change health behavior (i.e. physical activity, sedentary behavior and healthy eating). However, the determinants of intervention effectiveness in primary prevention has not been explored yet. Therefore, the objectives of this umbrella review were to evaluate intervention effectiveness, to explore the impact of pre-defined determinants of effectiveness (i.e. theoretical foundations, behavior change techniques, social contexts or just-in-time adaptive interventions), and to provide recommendations for future research and practice in the field of primary prevention delivered via e/mHealth technology. Methods PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library were searched for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (reviews) published between January 1990 and May 2020. Reviews reporting on e/mHealth behavior change interventions in physical activity, sedentary behavior and/or healthy eating for healthy subjects (i.e. subjects without physical or physiological morbidities which would influence the realization of behaviors targeted by the respective interventions) were included if they also investigated respective theoretical foundations, behavior change techniques, social contexts or just-in-time adaptive interventions. Included studies were ranked concerning their methodological quality and qualitatively synthesized. Results The systematic search revealed 11 systematic reviews and meta-analyses of moderate quality. The majority of original research studies within the reviews found e/mHealth interventions to be effective, but the results showed a high heterogeneity concerning assessment methods and outcomes, making them difficult to compare. Whereas theoretical foundation and behavior change techniques were suggested to be potential positive determinants of effective interventions, the impact of social context remains unclear. None of the reviews included just-in-time adaptive interventions. Conclusion Findings of this umbrella review support the use of e/mHealth to enhance physical activity and healthy eating and reduce sedentary behavior. The general lack of precise reporting and comparison of confounding variables in reviews and original research studies as well as the limited number of reviews for each health behavior constrains the generalization and interpretation of results. Further research is needed on study-level to investigate effects of versatile determinants of e/mHealth efficiency, using a theoretical foundation and additionally explore the impact of social contexts and more sophisticated approaches like just-in-time adaptive interventions. Trial registration The protocol for this umbrella review was a priori registered with PROSPERO: CRD42020147902.

Automating Movement of Freight

1997 ◽  
Vol 1602 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Vandersteel ◽  
Yiyuan Zhao ◽  
Thomas S. Lundgren
Keyword(s):  
Driving Forces ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Computer Control ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Just In Time ◽  
Operational Experience ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Water Pipelines ◽  
Cost Effective Alternative ◽  
Extensive Body

A concept is introduced for a new mode of freight transportation in which general cargoes are “pumped” through underground or under-water pipelines. The concept itself is not new, but a recent technical breakthrough has transformed the technology to a point where tube freight could become a cost-effective alternative to surface freight, in particular, to truck and air freight. Although the study of this new mode is at the conceptual level, only the concept is based on an extensive body of knowledge, developed for pneumatic capsule pipelines for moving granular products, a well-proven technology backed by considerable operational experience. Tube freight has the potential to displace many long-haul trucks from U.S. highways. The principal driving forces are economics, safety, energy-conservation, and environmental impact. The system operates automatically under computer control, and deliveries are precisely predictable for meeting just-in-time production requirements. Preliminary studies suggest that tube freight is technically and economically feasible. The technology involved is state-of-the-art and nothing new needs to be invented. The major obstacle to tube freight’s implementation is that the concept is little known, and even less understood, by the transportation community.

Towards Multi-level Modeling of Just-in-Time Adaptive Interventions (JITAIs) in Mobile Health

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Gruber ◽  
Bernd Neumayr ◽  
Michael Schrefl ◽  
Josef Niebauer
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Health ◽  
Just In Time ◽  
Adaptive Interventions ◽  
Multi Level

Implementation of a State of the Art First Operations Shop in a Second Tier Shipyard

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (03) ◽  
pp. 133-150
Author(s):  
Patrick Cahill ◽  
Robert Shank ◽  
Patrick Crilly ◽  
Gordon Kelly ◽  
Tarsem Jutla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Laser Cutting ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Just In Time ◽  
Laser Machine ◽  
Shipbuilding Industry ◽  
Rule Change ◽  
Second Tier ◽  
Under Construction

Bender Shipbuilding and Repair Company, Inc. is in the process of modernizing a second tier shipyard and creating a state of the art facility which will house the only steel plate laser cutting machine in the U.S. shipbuilding industry, and one of the largest laser installations in the world. The laser machine tool will be installed in a state of the art First Operations Shop currently under construction at Bender Shipbuilding in Mobile, Alabama. By using a Maritech Consortium partnership with Caterpillar, Inc., Bender was able to completely evaluate cutting system options and design a complete First Operations process to support just in time production of steel plate parts. In addition, Bender and Caterpillar have teamed to pursue innovations in joining technology that can only be achieved with the precision machining capability of a laser machine tool. A Title XI Shipyard Modernization loan guarantee is being used to provide the working capital necessary to build the $6 million facility. This paper will review the state of technology of laser cutting in heavy manufacturing and in shipbuilding, provide an overview of Bender and Caterpillar's cutting project, present test results from an ongoing series of joining concept tests designed to initiate a rule change with the American Bureau of Shipping, and provide a comprehensive description of Bender's implementation plan for the First Operations Shop.

Dynamic Models of Behavior for Just-in-Time Adaptive Interventions

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 13-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna Spruijt-Metz ◽  
Wendy Nilsen
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Just In Time ◽  
Adaptive Interventions

scholarly journals Technology‐mediated just‐in‐time adaptive interventions (JITAIs) to reduce harmful substance use: a systematic review

Addiction ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Perski ◽  
Emily T. Hébert ◽  
Felix Naughton ◽  
Eric B. Hekler ◽  
Jamie Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Just In Time ◽  
Harmful Substance ◽  
Adaptive Interventions
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