On the relationship between multi-laminar LFP and juxta-cellularly recorded neuron activity in rat motor cortex

Rats generate stereotyped exploratory (5–12 Hz) vibrissa movements when navigating through their environment. Like other rhythmic behaviors, the production of whisking relies on a subcortical pattern generator. However, the relatively large vibrissae representation in motor cortex (vMCx) suggests that cortex also contributes to the control of whisker movements. The goal of this study was to examine the relationship between neuronal activity in vMCx and the kinematics of vibrissae movements. We recorded multiunit activity (MUA) and single units in the rhythmic region of vMCx while measuring vibrissa position in awake, head-restrained rats. The rats were engaged in one of two behavioral tasks where they were rewarded for either 1) producing noncontact whisking epochs that met specified criteria (epochs ≥4 Hz, whisks >5 mm) or 2) whisking to contact an object. There was significant coherence between the frequency of MUA and vibrissae movements during free-air whisking but not when animals were using their vibrissae to contact an object. Spike rate in vMCx was most frequently correlated with the amplitude of vibrissa movements; correlations with movement frequency did not exceed chance levels. These findings suggest that the specific parameter under cortical control may be the amplitude of whisker movements.

Download Full-text

P22.20 The relationship between short-interval intracortical inhibition and the long term potentiation-like effect of paired associative stimulation in human primary motor cortex

Clinical Neurophysiology ◽

10.1016/s1388-2457(11)60581-6 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 122 ◽

pp. S162

Author(s):

N. Murase ◽

B. Cengiz ◽

J.C. Rothwell

Keyword(s):

Motor Cortex ◽

Primary Motor Cortex ◽

Short Interval ◽

Long Term Potentiation ◽

Intracortical Inhibition ◽

Paired Associative Stimulation ◽

Term Potentiation ◽

The Relationship

Download Full-text

On The Relationship Between LFP Oscillations And Spiking Activity In Monkey Motor Cortex

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience ◽

10.3389/conf.fnhum.2015.217.00257 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Kilavik Bj�rg Elisabeth ◽

Brochier Thomas ◽

Gr�n Sonja ◽

Riehle Alexa

Keyword(s):

Motor Cortex ◽

The Relationship ◽

Monkey Motor Cortex ◽

Spiking Activity

Download Full-text

TMS and pain

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198568926.013.0046 ◽

2012 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jean-Pascal Lefaucheur

Keyword(s):

Motor Cortex ◽

Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Clinical Role ◽

Analgesic Effects ◽

Pain Syndromes ◽

Clinical Investigations ◽

Motor Cortex Excitability ◽

Control Pain ◽

The Relationship

Few clinical investigations show that repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to the brain could produce analgesia. Apart from the relationship between TMS and pain with respect to the clinical observation of rTMS-induced analgesic effects, this article also reviews the effects of pain on motor cortex excitability assessed by single or paired-pulse TMS and the results obtained by applying peripheral magnetic stimulation to treat musculoskeletal pain. This article discusses the effects of acute phasic provoked pain, and prolonged tonic provoked pain on motor cortex excitability. The analgesic effects resulting from a single session of rTMS are too short-lived and thereby incompatible with a durable control of chronic pain. Repeated sessions of rTMS on consecutive days produce cumulative effects. However, repeated daily rTMS sessions can be applied to control pain syndromes for a limited period. Further work is needed to define the ultimate clinical role of TMS in the management of pain.

Download Full-text

Dopamine control of pyramidal neuron activity in the primary motor cortex via D2 receptors

Frontiers in Neural Circuits ◽

10.3389/fncir.2014.00013 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Clément Vitrac ◽

Sophie Péron ◽

Isabelle Frappé ◽

Pierre-Olivier Fernagut ◽

Mohamed Jaber ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Motor Cortex ◽

Pyramidal Neuron ◽

Primary Motor Cortex ◽

D2 Receptors ◽

Neuron Activity

Download Full-text

2373

Journal of Clinical and Translational Science ◽

10.1017/cts.2017.45 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (S1) ◽

pp. 8-9

Author(s):

Serena-Kaye Kinley-Cooper ◽

DeAnna Adkins

Keyword(s):

Synaptic Plasticity ◽

Motor Cortex ◽

Brain Stimulation ◽

Behavioral Outcomes ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Experimental Stroke ◽

Behavioral Recovery ◽

Severity Of Injury ◽

Study Population ◽

The Relationship

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: The objectives of this study are to determine whether high-frequency ipsi-lesion or low-frequency contra-lesion ECS improves forelimb function following experimental stroke in aged animals with focal and large strokes. We also want to investigate whether ECS-induced improvements in motor function are related to an enhancement of neural structural plasticity (dendrites and synapses) and changes in growth promoting (BDNF) and growth inhibiting (NOGO-A) expression in the infarcted motor cortex in young and aged animals. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We will investigate whether excitatory ECS of the infarcted cortex or inhibition of the noninfarcted cortex combined with daily impaired-forelimb rehabilitative training (RT) results in greater motor functional recovery compared to RT alone. Immunohistochemical (IHC) analyses and unbiased stereological techniques will be performed to investigate changes in proteins associated with dendritic restructuring (MAP2), synaptic plasticity (PSD95 and synaptophysin), and alteration in the expression of BDNF and NOGO-A. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We expect that inhibitory ECS of the noninfarcted motor cortex will improve behavioral outcomes in moderate to severe stroke animals compared with excitatory ECS or no stimulation (RT alone) animals. We predict that the ECS condition that improves motor performance most significantly compared with RT alone will have a corresponding greater increase in remaining ipsi-infarct motor cortical dendritic and synaptic plasticity (demonstrated by a greater density of MAP2, synaptophysin, and PSD-95 immunoreactivity), and greater expression of BDNF. It is unknown, but also expected that better behavioral recovery will coincide with a greater reduction in NOGO-A in the injured motor cortex. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: These studies will aid in creating a model that will allow for a better understanding of the relationship between brain stimulation, severity of injury and, in future studies, aging. These studies will also help clarify previous conflicting brain stimulation results.

Download Full-text