Working memory effects on semantic processing: Priming differences in pars orbitalis

NeuroImage ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 311-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred W. Sabb ◽  
Robert M. Bilder ◽  
Maggie Chou ◽  
Susan Y. Bookheimer
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Semantic Processing ◽  
Memory Effects

Remembering Over the Short and Long Term

2020 ◽  
pp. 282-310
Author(s):  
Patricia A. Reuter-Lorenz ◽  
Alexandru D. Iordan
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Neuroscience ◽  
Semantic Processing ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Strategic Processing ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Neuroscience Research ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Time Courses

This chapter reviews evidence from behavioural and cognitive neuroscience research that supports a unitary view of memory whereby working memory and long-term memory phenomena arise from representations and processes that are largely shared when remembering over the short or long term. Using ‘false working memories’ as a case study, it highlights several paradoxes that cannot be explained by a multisystem view of memory in which working memory and long-term memory are structurally distinct. Instead, it is posited that behavioural memory effects over the short and long term relating to semantic processing, modality/domain-specificity, dual-task interference, strategic processing, and so on arise from the differences in activational states and availability of different representational features (e.g. sensory/perceptual, associative, action-based) that vary in their time courses and activity, attentional priority, and susceptibility to interference. Cognitive neuroscience evidence primarily from brain imaging methodologies that support this view is reviewed.

scholarly journals Neural Patterns in Linguistic Cortices Discriminate the Content of Verbal Working Memory

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 2997-3014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Kowialiewski ◽  
Laurens Van Calster ◽  
Lucie Attout ◽  
Christophe Phillips ◽  
Steve Majerus
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Semantic Processing ◽  
Semantic Knowledge ◽  
Linguistic Knowledge ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Direct Activation ◽  
Term Maintenance

Abstract An influential theoretical account of working memory (WM) considers that WM is based on direct activation of long-term memory knowledge. While there is empirical support for this position in the visual WM domain, direct evidence is scarce in the verbal WM domain. This question is critical for models of verbal WM, as the question of whether short-term maintenance of verbal information relies on direct activation within the long-term linguistic knowledge base or not is still debated. In this study, we examined the extent to which short-term maintenance of lexico-semantic knowledge relies on neural activation patterns in linguistic cortices, and this by using a fast encoding running span task for word and nonword stimuli minimizing strategic encoding mechanisms. Multivariate analyses showed specific neural patterns for the encoding and maintenance of word versus nonword stimuli. These patterns were not detectable anymore when participants were instructed to stop maintaining the memoranda. The patterns involved specific regions within the dorsal and ventral pathways, which are considered to support phonological and semantic processing to various degrees. This study provides novel evidence for a role of linguistic cortices in the representation of long-term memory linguistic knowledge during WM processing.

Practice and working memory effects in building procedural skill.

1989 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 517-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Carlson ◽  
Marc A. Sullivan ◽  
Walter Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Memory Effects ◽  
Procedural Skill

scholarly journals What processes are disrupted during the attentional blink? An integrative review of event-related potentials research

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alon Zivony ◽  
Dominique Lamy
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Attentional Blink ◽  
Semantic Processing ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Memory Encoding ◽  
Attentional Processes ◽  
Structural Limitation ◽  
Attentional Engagement ◽  
Early Processing ◽  
Related Potentials

Reporting the second of two targets is impaired when these appear in close succession, a phenomenon known as the attentional blink (AB). Despite decades of research, what mechanisms are affected by the AB remains unclear. Specifically, two central issues remain open: Does the AB disrupt attentional processes or reflect a structural limitation in working memory encoding? Does it disrupt perceptual processing or only post-perceptual processes? We address these questions by reviewing event-related potentials (ERP) studies of the AB. The findings reveal that the core influence of the AB is by disrupting attentional engagement (indexed by N2pc). As a consequence, while early processing (indexed by P1\N1) is spared, semantic processing (indexed by N400) and working memory (WM) encoding (indexed by P3b) are compromised: minor disruptions to attentional engagement weaken but do not eliminate semantic processing, whereas they prevent encoding in WM. Thus, semantic processing can survive the blink, whereas encoding in WM does not. To accommodate these conclusions, we suggest a Disrupted Engagement and Perception (DEaP) account of the attentional blink.

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