scholarly journals The Basal Forebrain Cholinergic System Is Essential for Cortical Plasticity and Functional Recovery following Brain Injury

Neuron ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Conner ◽  
Andrea A. Chiba ◽  
Mark H. Tuszynski
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Basal Forebrain ◽  
Cholinergic System ◽  
Cortical Plasticity

Deletion of p75NTR enhances the cholinergic innervation pattern of the visual cortex

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
VIOLA VON BOHLEN UND HALBACH ◽  
OLIVER VON BOHLEN UND HALBACH
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Basal Forebrain ◽  
Cholinergic System ◽  
Cortical Plasticity ◽  
Cholinergic Neurons ◽  
Cholinergic Innervation ◽  
Neurotrophin Receptor ◽  
Innervation Pattern ◽  
Layer V ◽  
Deficient Mice

AbstractThe cholinergic system is involved in cortical plasticity, attention, and learning. Within the visual cortex the cholinergic system seems to play a role in visual perception. The cholinergic neurons which project into the visual cortex are located in the basal forebrain. It has been shown that mice deficient for the low-affinity neurotrophin receptor p75NTR display increased numbers of cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain and a denser cholinergic innervation of the hippocampus. This prompted us to analyze whether the cholinergic system is altered in adult p75NTR deficient mice. By analyzing the densities of cholinergic fibers within layer IV as well as within layer V of the visual cortex, we found that adult p75NTR deficient mice display increased cholinergic fiber densities. However, this increase was not accompanied by an increase in the density of local cholinergic neurons within the visual cortex. This indicates that the enhanced cholinergic innervation of the visual cortex is due to alteration of the cholinergic neurons located in the basal forebrain, projecting to the visual cortex. The increased cholinergic innervation of the visual cortex makes the p75NTR deficient mice an attractive model to study the necessity of the cholinergic system for the visual cortex.

Basal Forebrain Cholinergic System Is Involved in Rapid Nerve Growth Factor (NGF)-Induced Plasticity in the Barrel Cortex of Adult Rats

2004 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 424-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neal Prakash ◽  
Susana Cohen-Cory ◽  
Silke Penschuck ◽  
Ron D. Frostig
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Basal Forebrain ◽  
Cholinergic System ◽  
Barrel Cortex ◽  
Cortical Plasticity ◽  
Nerve Growth ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Cortical Projections ◽  
Imaging Results

We have previously reported that topical application of nerve growth factor (NGF) to the barrel cortex of an adult rat rapidly augmented a whisker functional representation (WFR) by increasing its area and height within minutes after NGF application. In addition, we found that TrkA, the high-affinity NGF receptor, was only found on fibers projecting into the barrel cortex. Here we use a combination of techniques including chronic intrinsic signal optical imaging, neuronal fiber tracking and immunohistological techniques, to test the hypothesis that NGF-induced rapid cortical plasticity is mediated by the cortical projections of the basal forebrain cholinergic system (BFCS). Our studies localize the source of the cells in the BFCS that project to a single WFR and also demonstrate that TrkA-immunoreactive fibers in the cortex are also cholinergic and likely arise from the BFCS. In addition, by selectively lesioning the BFCS cortical fibers with the immunotoxin 192 IgG-saporin, we show that NGF-induced WFR-cortical plasticity is eliminated. These results, taken together with our previously reported imaging results that demonstrated that agonists of the cholinergic system (particularly nicotine) showed transient NGF-like augmentations of a WFR, implicate the BFCS cortical projections as necessary for NGF's rapid plasticity in the adult rat somatosensory cortex.

scholarly journals Lesions of the Basal Forebrain Cholinergic System Impair Task Acquisition and Abolish Cortical Plasticity Associated with Motor Skill Learning

Neuron ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 819-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M Conner ◽  
Andrew Culberson ◽  
Christine Packowski ◽  
Andrea A Chiba ◽  
Mark H Tuszynski
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skill ◽  
Basal Forebrain ◽  
Cholinergic System ◽  
Cortical Plasticity ◽  
Skill Learning ◽  
Motor Skill Learning ◽  
Task Acquisition

Functional recovery following traumatic vs non-traumatic brain injury: A case-controlled study

Brain Injury ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (13-14) ◽  
pp. 1013-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora K. Cullen ◽  
Yoon-Ghil Park ◽  
Mark T. Bayley
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Controlled Study

scholarly journals Parallel Atrophy of Cortex and Basal Forebrain Cholinergic System in Mild Cognitive Impairment

2016 ◽  
pp. bhw019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingo Kilimann ◽  
Lucrezia Hausner ◽  
Andreas Fellgiebel ◽  
Massimo Filippi ◽  
Till J. Würdemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Basal Forebrain ◽  
Cholinergic System

Effects of neonatal handling on the basal forebrain cholinergic system of adult male and female rats

Neuroscience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Pondiki ◽  
A. Stamatakis ◽  
A. Fragkouli ◽  
H. Philippidis ◽  
F. Stylianopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Basal Forebrain ◽  
Cholinergic System ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Neonatal Handling ◽  
Male And Female Rats
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