scholarly journals Rapid suppression and sustained activation of distinct cortical regions for a delayed sensory-triggered motor response

Neuron ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahid Esmaeili ◽  
Keita Tamura ◽  
Samuel P. Muscinelli ◽  
Alireza Modirshanechi ◽  
Marta Boscaglia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Response ◽  
Cortical Regions ◽  
Sustained Activation

Local Cerebral Glucose Utilization in Stimulated Rats Sedated with Thiopental

1995 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-168. ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. Archer ◽  
Jennifer Froelich ◽  
Michael McHugh ◽  
Hanna M. Pappius
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Motor Response ◽  
Glucose Utilization ◽  
Response Threshold ◽  
Noxious Stimulation ◽  
Local Cerebral Glucose Utilization ◽  
Cerebral Glucose Utilization ◽  
Medial Geniculate ◽  
Cortical Regions ◽  
State Plasma

Background Recent studies have suggested that supraspinal structures are involved in barbiturate-induced enhancement of nociceptive processing. The goal of the study was to determine whether cortical and subcortical regions involved in nociception were relatively activated or depressed by noxious stimulation during infusion of small doses of thiopental. Methods Local cerebral glucose utilization (LCGU) was measured with the 14C-2-deoxyglucose radioautographic technique in 14 rats. During the LCGU experiment, pressure was applied to the tail every 2 min, and the somatic motor response threshold was recorded. Seven animals received thiopental infusions to produce a steady-state plasma concentration (target concentrations of 10 micrograms/ml), and seven untreated animals served as controls. Results A steady-state plasma thiopental concentration (11.1 +/- 1.8 to 13.0 +/- 2.1 micrograms/ml) was accompanied by a decrease in the somatic motor response threshold from 277 +/- 32 g (before thiopental) to 215 +/- 41 g (P < 0.001). The somatic motor response threshold remained unchanged in the control group. Average LCGU was 29% less in the thiopental-treated animals than in the untreated controls (P < 0.001). In cortical regions associated with nociception, LCGU was relatively increased (+3% +/- 14%) during the thiopental infusion in comparison to the visual and auditory cortices (-18% +/- 13%; P < 0.001). Individual structures that showed relative changes during thiopental infusion included the nucleus accumbens (+17%, P < 0.05) and the habenula (-17%, P < 0.05). Heterogenous relative changes (P < 0.05) in LCGU were observed in the auditory system: auditory cortex (-22%), medial geniculate (-16%), lateral lemniscus (+26%), superior olive (+38%). Conclusions Noxious stimulation during low-dose thiopental infusions relatively increased LCGU in cortical regions postulated to be responsible for processing of noxious stimuli. Nuclei in the descending pain modulating system were not relatively depressed.

Author response for "Marmosets have a greater diversity of c‐Fos response after hyperstimulation in distinct cortical regions as compared to rats"

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefani Alves Magalhães ◽  
Maira Licia Foresti ◽  
Vanessa Novaes Barros ◽  
Luiz E. Mello
Keyword(s):  
Author Response ◽  
Cortical Regions

Speech as an Element in Organization of a Motor Response

1962 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel G. Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Motor Response

Central Nervous System Processing of Emotions in Children with Fecal Incontinence and Constipation

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-71
Author(s):  
Monika Equit ◽  
Justine Niemczyk ◽  
Anna Kluth ◽  
Carla Thomas ◽  
Mathias Rubly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Fecal Incontinence ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Afferent Pathways ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Cortical Regions

Abstract. Objective: Fecal incontinence and constipation are common disorders in childhood. The enteric nervous system and the central nervous system are highly interactive along the brain-gut axis. The interaction is mainly afferent. These afferent pathways include centers that are involved in the central nervous processing of emotions as the mid/posterior insula and the anterior cingulate cortex. A previous study revealed altered processing of emotions in children with fecal incontinence. The present study replicates these results. Methods: In order to analyze the processing of emotions, we compared the event-related potentials of 25 children with fecal incontinence and constipation to those of 15 control children during the presentation of positive, negative, and neutral pictures. Results: Children with fecal incontinence and constipation showed altered processing of emotions, especially in the parietal and central cortical regions. Conclusions: The main study results of the previous study were replicated, increasing the certainty and validity of the findings.

Die Intensität der Hemmung der duodenalen motor response auf verschiedene Nährstoffe und Säure durch NO ist vom chemischen Charakter des Stimulus abhängig

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (08) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Müller ◽  
J Oors ◽  
J Roelofs ◽  
A Smout ◽  
R Arnold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Response

The Fibrinolytic System in Experimental Prostate Tumor

1986 ◽  
Vol 56 (02) ◽  
pp. 133-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Al-Mondhiry ◽  
Joseph Drago ◽  
Mary J Bartholomew
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Transitional Cell ◽  
Prostate Tumor ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Transitional Cell Bladder Carcinoma ◽  
Tumor Growth And Metastasis ◽  
Metastatic Prostate Carcinoma ◽  
Sustained Activation

SummaryHypofibrinogenemia and disseminated intravascular coagulation are common events in patients with metastatic prostate carcinoma. This study tests the hypothesis that prostate tumor growth and metastasis is associated with sustained activation of fibrinolysis secondary to increased release of plasminogen activator. We implanted an androgen-insensitive prostate tumor into an inbred strain of rats and serially measured plasminogen, plasminogen activator, plasmin and fibrinogen. Control groups included animals without tumor and a group implanted with transitional cell bladder carcinoma, a locally infiltrating tumor not usually associated with hemostatic complications. Our results showed a significant and steady rise in plasma plasminogen activator, plasmin and fibrinogen levels in animals implanted with prostate cancer. This, however, is not specific for prostate tumor. Similar, perhaps more profound changes were noted in animals implanted with the transitional cell carcinoma.

The Motor Response of the Colon to Alcohol

1941 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 638-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry F. Adler ◽  
James M. Beazell ◽  
Arthur J. Atkinson ◽  
Andrew C. Ivy
Keyword(s):  
Motor Response
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