Group I metabotropic glutamate receptors control proliferation, survival and differentiation of cultured neural progenitor cells isolated from the subventricular zone of adult mice

In the main olfactory bulb, several populations of granule cells (GCs) can be distinguished based on the soma location either superficially, interspersed with mitral cells within the mitral cell layer (MCL), or deeper, within the GC layer (GCL). Little is known about the physiological properties of superficial GCs (sGCs) versus deep GCs (dGCs). Here, we used patch-clamp recording methods to explore the role of Group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) in regulating the activity of GCs in slices from wildtype and mGluR−/− mutant mice. In wildtype mice, bath application of the selective Group I mGluR agonist DHPG depolarized and increased the firing rate of both GC subtypes. In the presence of blockers of fast synaptic transmission (APV, CNQX, gabazine), DHPG directly depolarized both GC subtypes, although the two GC subtypes responded differentially to DHPG in mGluR1−/− and mGluR5−/− mice. DHPG depolarized sGCs in slices from mGluR5−/− mice, although it had no effect on sGCs in slices from mGluR1−/− mice. By contrast, DHPG depolarized dGCs in slices from mGluR1−/− mice but had no effect on dGCs in slices from mGluR5−/− mice. Previous studies showed that mitral cells express mGluR1 but not mGluR5. The present results therefore suggest that sGCs are more similar to mitral cells than dGCs in terms of mGluR expression.

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Isolation of Neural Progenitor Cells From the Human Adult Subventricular Zone Based on Expression of the Cell Surface Marker CD271

Stem Cells Translational Medicine ◽

10.5966/sctm.2013-0038 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 470-480 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Miriam E. van Strien ◽

Jacqueline A. Sluijs ◽

Brent A. Reynolds ◽

Dennis A. Steindler ◽

Eleonora Aronica ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Surface ◽

Progenitor Cells ◽

Subventricular Zone ◽

Neural Progenitor Cells ◽

Neural Progenitor ◽

Surface Marker ◽

Cell Surface Marker ◽

Human Adult

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Activity-dependent regulation of synaptic strength by PSD-95 in CA1 neurons

Journal of Neurophysiology ◽

10.1152/jn.00526.2011 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 107 (4) ◽

pp. 1058-1066 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Peng Zhang ◽

John E. Lisman

Keyword(s):

Glutamate Receptors ◽

Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors ◽

Hippocampal Slices ◽

Long Term Potentiation ◽

Synaptic Strength ◽

Ca1 Neurons ◽

Metabotropic Glutamate ◽

Group I ◽

Term Potentiation ◽

Activity Dependent

CaMKII and PSD-95 are the two most abundant postsynaptic proteins in the postsynaptic density (PSD). Overexpression of either can dramatically increase synaptic strength and saturate long-term potentiation (LTP). To do so, CaMKII must be activated, but the same is not true for PSD-95; expressing wild-type PSD-95 is sufficient. This raises the question of whether PSD-95's effects are simply an equilibrium process [increasing the number of AMPA receptor (AMPAR) slots] or whether activity is somehow involved. To examine this question, we blocked activity in cultured hippocampal slices with TTX and found that the effects of PSD-95 overexpression were greatly reduced. We next studied the type of receptors involved. The effects of PSD-95 were prevented by antagonists of group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) but not by antagonists of ionotropic glutamate receptors. The inhibition of PSD-95-induced strengthening was not simply a result of inhibition of PSD-95 synthesis. To understand the mechanisms involved, we tested the role of CaMKII. Overexpression of a CaMKII inhibitor, CN19, greatly reduced the effect of PSD-95. We conclude that PSD-95 cannot itself increase synaptic strength simply by increasing the number of AMPAR slots; rather, PSD-95's effects on synaptic strength require an activity-dependent process involving mGluR and CaMKII.

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