Beyond coastal protection: A robust approach to enhance environmental and social outcomes of coastal adaptation

2022 ◽  
Vol 217 ◽  
pp. 106007
Author(s):  
Lea T. Mamo ◽  
Patrick G. Dwyer ◽  
Melinda A. Coleman ◽  
Craig Dengate ◽  
Brendan P. Kelaher
Keyword(s):  
Social Outcomes ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Robust Approach ◽  
Coastal Adaptation

Limits on nature-based solutions for coastal adaptation based on climate change indicators

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosanne Martyr-Koller ◽  
Tabea Lissner ◽  
Carl-Friedrich Schleussner
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Coastal Erosion ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Coastal Adaptation ◽  
Loss And Damage ◽  
And Sea Level

<p>Climate impacts increase with higher warming and evidence is mounting that impacts increase strongly above 1.5°C. Therefore, adaptation needs also rise substantially at higher warming levels. Further<strong>, </strong>limits to adaptation will be reached above 1.5°C and loss and damage will be inferred. Coastal Nature-based Solutions (NbS) have arisen as popular adaptation options, particularly for coastal developing economies and Small Island Developing States (SIDS), because of their lower overall costs compared to traditional grey infrastructure approaches such as seawalls and levees; their economic co-benefits through positive effects on sectors such as tourism and fisheries; and a broader desire to shift toward so-called blue economies. Two NbS of particular interest for coastal protection are: 1) coral reefs, which reduce coastal erosion and flooding through wave attenuation; and 2) mangroves, which provide protection from storms, tsunamis and coastal erosion. Although there is international enthusiasm to implement these solutions, there is limited understanding of the future viability of these ecosystems, particularly in their capacities as coastal adaptation service providers, in a warmer world.</p><p>In this presentation, we highlight how long and with how much coverage coral and mangrove ecosystems can provide coastal protection services for future climate scenarios, using air temperature and sea level rise as climate change indicators. A mathematical model for each ecosystem is developed, based on the physical parameters necessary for the sustainability of these ecosystems. We investigate the protective capabilities of each ecosystem under warming and sea level rise scenarios compatible with: below 1.5°C warming; below 2°C warming; warming based on current global commitments to carbon emissions reductions (3-3.5°C); and with no carbon mitigation (6°C). Results show what temperature and sea level rise values beyond which these ecosystems can no longer provide coastal protective services. These results have also been framed in a temporal window to show when these services may not be feasible, beyond which more costly adaptation measures and/or loss and damage may be incurred.</p>

Preferences for coastal adaptation to climate change: evidence from a choice experiment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürgen Meyerhoff ◽  
Katrin Rehdanz ◽  
Andrea Wunsch
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Choice Experiment ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Preference Heterogeneity ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Coastal Adaptation ◽  
Trade Offs

<p>Adaptation to climate change is becoming increasingly crucial for coastal areas. This paper adds to the limited evidence on the trade-offs people are willing to make to support decision-making on adaptation strategies for coastal protection. The trade-off between alternative protection modes is conceptualized in a choice experiment in terms of six attributes: the extent of beach nourishment, dyke heightening, cliff protection, access to dunes, realignment of dykes and dunes, and cost in terms of a coastal protection levy. These attributes were selected and designed in, among others, close cooperation with governmental decision makers. When accounting for preference heterogeneity, three latent classes were identified among the more than 1800 participants of a nationwide online survey in Germany. Respondents who prefer extensive changes, respondents who are willing to pay for an increase in dyke height but are not ready to give up money for a change in any other attribute, and respondents who are not willing to cover any additional expenses for coastal adaptation to climate change. The results allow to assess a broad range of future adaptation strategies and thus provide not only to policy makers and the administration in the case study region important insights into peoples’ preferences.</p>

scholarly journals Effective Coastal Adaptation Needs Accurate Hazard Assessment : A Case Study In Port Resolution, Tanna Island Vanuatu

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faivre Faivre ◽  
Rodger Tomlinson ◽  
Daniel Ware ◽  
Saeed Shaeri ◽  
Wade Hadwen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Coastal Adaptation ◽  
Adaptation Decision ◽  
Wave Models

Abstract Developing countries face risks from natural hazards that are being amplified by climate change. Selection of effective adaptation interventions to manage these risks requires a sufficiently accurate assessment of the coastal hazard at a given location. Yet challenges remain in terms of understanding local coastal risks given the coarseness of global wave models and the paucity of locally scaled data in most developing countries, including Small Island Developing States (SIDS) like Vanuatu. The aim of this paper was to examine the differences in hazard assessment and adaptation option selections arising from analyses using globally versus locally scaled data on coastal processes. As a case study, we focused on an eroding cliff face in Port Resolution on Tanna Island, Vanuatu, which is of concern to the local community and government authorities. The coastal process modelling revealed that the global wave data generated unrealistically high predictions of wave height within Port Resolution bay. Expensive engineering adaptations designed to provide coastal protection were therefore likely to fail in preventing ongoing cliff erosion. In this case, the best adaptation solution involves changing land use to revegetate and help stabilise the cliff top. Our case study highlights the importance of accurate hazard assessment, especially in data poor regions where extrapolation of global datasets and models in the absence of local data can result in poor adaptation decision making. Furthermore, the multidisciplinary approach applied here can be applied in other data-poor regions to strengthen analyses exploring the benefits of local adaptation interventions.

scholarly journals Institutional Innovation for Nature-Based Coastal Adaptation: Lessons from Salt Marsh Restoration in Nova Scotia, Canada

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 6735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahman ◽  
Sherren ◽  
van Proosdij
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Information ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Salt Marsh Restoration ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Roles And Responsibilities ◽  
Coastal Adaptation ◽  
Infrastructure Policy ◽  
Scientific Attention ◽  
Institutional Actors

Sea-levels have been rising at a faster rate than expected. Because of the maladaptive outcomes of engineering-based hard coastal protection infrastructure, policy makers are looking for alternative adaptation approaches to buffer against coastal flooding—commonly known as nature-based coastal adaptation (NbCA). However, how to implement NbCA under an institutional structure demonstrating ‘inertia’ to alternative adaptation approaches is a question that seeks scientific attention. Building on a case study derived from a highly climate-vulnerable Canadian province, this study shows how the entrepreneurial use of scientific information and institutional opportunities helped institutional actors overcome the inertia. Drawing on secondary document analysis and primary qualitative data, this study offers five key lessons to institutional actors aiming at implementing NbCA: (i) develop knowledge networks to help avoid uncertainty; (ii) identify and utilize opportunities within existing institutions; (iii) distribute roles and responsibilities among actors based on their capacity to mobilize required resources; (iv) provide entrepreneurial actors with decision-making autonomy for developing agreed-upon rules and norms; and (v) facilitate repeated interactions among institutional actors to develop a collaborative network among them. This study, therefore, helps us to understand how to implement a relatively new adaptation option by building trust-based networks among diverse and relevant institutional actors.

scholarly journals COASTAL ADAPTATION UNDER SEA LEVEL RISE: PROTOTYPE SCALE MEASUREMENT AND MODELLING OF A DYNAMIC REVETMENT

2018 ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Paul Bayle ◽  
Chris Blenkinsopp ◽  
Gerd Masselink ◽  
Daniel Conley
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Wave Runup ◽  
Coastal Adaptation ◽  
New Information ◽  
Laboratory Flume ◽  
The Face ◽  
Rising Sea Level

A dynamic revetment is a gravel ridge constructed around the wave runup limit to mimic composite beaches which consist of a lower foreshore of sand and a backshore ridge constructed of gravel or cobbles which stabilises the upper beach and provides overtopping protection to the hinterland. These structures contrast with static coastal defence structures as they are “dynamic” and are expected to reshape under wave attack. The performance and resilience of a dynamic revetment under sea level rise (SLR) for a range of wave conditions was studied in a large scale laboratory flume. This work provided new information about the application of such structures for coastal protection in the face of a rising sea level.

Expressive Suppression: Social Outcomes and the Mediating Role of Emotions

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Frazier ◽  
Daniel R. Krenn ◽  
Brittany Collier ◽  
Olivia Childers ◽  
Philip Montgomery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Outcomes ◽  
Expressive Suppression ◽  
Mediating Role

Pemilihan Tipe Bangunan Pelindung Pantai di Desa Sikeli Berbasis Bahan Lokal

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-105
Author(s):  
Herawati Herawati ◽  
Muhammad Arsyad Thaha ◽  
Chairul Paotonan
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Hierarchy Process ◽  
Movement Pattern ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
The North ◽  
Sea Wall ◽  
Hierarchy Process ◽  
Local Materials ◽  
Current Movement ◽  
Process Method

Abstrak Wilayah pesisir merupakan pertemuan antara wilayah laut dan wilayah darat, dimana daerah ini merupakan daerah interaksi antara ekosistem darat dan ekosistem laut yang sangat dinamis dan saling mempengaruhi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan material lokal yang potensial dapat digunakan sebagai bahan bangunan pelindung pantai dan memilih tipe bangunan pelindung pantai yang sesuai kondisi hidro-oseanografi di lokasi studi dengan metode Analythic Hierarchy Process. Lokasi penelitian berada di Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara, tepatnya di Pulau Kabaena, Kecamatan Kabaena Barat Desa Sikeli kabupaten Bombana. Pulau Kabaena memiliki luas 873 km2. Secara geografis terletak antara 4°22’ 59,4” - 5°28’ 26,7” Lintang Selatan serta antara 121°27’46,7”-122°09’,4” Bujur Timur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perairan disepanjang tanjung perak sangat mempengaruhi hidro-oseonografi disekitar pantai desa Sikeli. Kondisi ini berpengaruh terhadap pola pergerakan arus dan tinggi gelombang datang disekitar pantai desa Sikeli. Tinggi gelombang rata-rata yang paling besar merambat dari arah barat sebesar 0.49 m dengan presentase kajadian sebesar 32.42 %, disusul arah barat laut sebesar 0.39 m (20.56 %), arah tenggara sebesar 0.31 m (8.72 %) arah barat daya sebesar 0.31 m (7.99 %), arah utara sebesar 0.20 m (6.94 %), arah timur sebesar 0.15 m (11.81 %), arah selatan sebesar 0.12 m (3.42 %), dan arah timur laut sebesar 0.11 m (8.15 %). Pengambilan keputusan untuk memilih tipe bangunan pelindung pantai dengan metode AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) untuk penanganan abrasi pesisir pantai desa Sikeli berbasis bahan lokal diperoleh bahwa alternatif bangunan dengan nilai keterpilihan yang tertinggi adalah detached breakwater (0,4432) disusul groin (0,2479), sea-wall (0,1700) dan revetment (0.1389). Detached breakwater berfungsi untuk menahan laju sedimen kearah laut, mengurangi ketinggian dan meredam energi gelombang dan tidak dibangun sepanjang garis pantai yang akan dilindungi sehingga kapal nelayan dapat ditambat dipesisir pantai dengan aman. Abstract The Selection Type of Coastal Protection Structures in Sikeli Village Based on Local Materials. The coastal area is a meeting point between the sea and land areas, where this area is an area of interaction between terrestrial ecosystems and marine ecosystems which are very dynamic and influence each other. The purpose of this research is to determine local materials that can be used as coastal protection materials and to select the type of coastal protection that is suitable for the hydro-oceanographic conditions in the study location using the Analythic Hierarchy Process method. The research location is in Southeast Sulawesi Province, precisely on Kabaena Island, Kabaena Barat District, Sikeli Village, Bombana Regency. Kabaena Island has an area of 873 km2. Geographically it is located between 4° 22' 59.4"- 5° 28' 26.7" South Latitude and between 121° 27' 46.7 "-122° 09' 4" Longitude East. The results showed that the waters along Tanjung Perak greatly affect the hydro-oseonography around the coast of Sikeli village. This condition affects the current movement pattern and the height of the incoming waves around the coast of Sikeli village. The largest average wave height propagating from the west is 0.49 m with a kajadian percentage of 32.42%, followed by the northwest direction of 0.39 m (20.56%), southeast direction of 0.31 m (8.72%) to the southwest of 0.31 m (7.99%), to the north of 0.20 m (6.94%), to the east of 0.15 m (11.81%), to the south of 0.12 m (3.42%), and to the northeast of 0.11 m (8.15%). The decision to choose the type of coastal protection using the AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) method for the coastal abrasion management model in Sikeli village based on local materials was obtained that the alternative building with the highest electability value was the detached breakwater (0.4432) followed by groins (0.2479), sea-wall (0.1700) and revetment (0.1389). The detached breakwater model which functions to restrain the sediment rate towards the sea, reduce the height and reduce wave energy and is not built along the coastline which will be protected so that fishing boats can be moored to the coast safely.

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