Does increasing access to prenatal care reduce racial disparities in birth outcomes?

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
Holly Thurston ◽  
Bronwyn E. Fields ◽  
Jamie White
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Birth Outcomes

Population Changes, Racial/Ethnic Disparities, and Birth Outcomes in Louisiana After Hurricane Katrina

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (S1) ◽  
pp. S39-S45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily W. Harville ◽  
Tri Tran ◽  
Xu Xiong ◽  
Pierre Buekens
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
New Orleans ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
The State ◽  
Obstetric Outcomes ◽  
Population Changes ◽  
Inadequate Prenatal Care

ABSTRACTObjective: To examine how the demographic and other population changes affected birth and obstetric outcomes in Louisiana, and the effect of the hurricane on racial disparities in these outcomes.Methods: Vital statistics data were used to compare the incidence of low birth weight (LBW) (<2500 g), preterm birth (PTB) (37 weeks' gestation), cesarean section, and inadequate prenatal care (as measured by the Kotelchuck index), in the 2 years after Katrina compared to the 2 years before, for the state as a whole, region 1 (the area around New Orleans), and Orleans Parish (New Orleans). Logistic models were used to adjust for covariates.Results: After adjustment, rates of LBW rose for the state, but preterm birth did not. In region 1 and Orleans Parish, rates of LBW and PTB remained constant or fell. These patterns were all strongest in African American women. Rates of cesarean section and inadequate prenatal care rose. Racial disparities in birth outcomes remained constant or were reduced.Conclusions: Although risk of LBW/PTB remained higher in African Americans, the storm does not appear to have exacerbated health disparities, nor did population shifts explain the changes in birth and obstetric outcomes.(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2010;4:S39-S45)

Prenatal Care Utilization in Mississippi: Racial Disparities and Implications for Unfavorable Birth Outcomes

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 931-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reagan G. Cox ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Marianne E. Zotti ◽  
Juanita Graham
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Care Utilization ◽  
Prenatal Care Utilization

Intervening With Incarcerated Pregnant Women to Improve Prenatal Care and Birth Outcomes

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine A. Forestell ◽  
Danielle Dallaire
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Birth Outcomes

scholarly journals Mass incarceration and public health: the association between black jail incarceration and adverse birth outcomes among black women in Louisiana

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Dyer ◽  
Rachel Hardeman ◽  
Dovile Vilda ◽  
Katherine Theall ◽  
Maeve Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Black Women ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Mass Incarceration ◽  
Interquartile Range ◽  
Adverse Birth Outcomes

Abstract Background A growing body of evidence is beginning to highlight how mass incarceration shapes inequalities in population health. Non-Hispanic blacks are disproportionately affected by incarceration and criminal law enforcement, an enduring legacy of a racially-biased criminal justice system with broad health implications for black families and communities. Louisiana has consistently maintained one of the highest rates of black incarceration in the nation. Concurrently, large racial disparities in population health persist. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of all births among non-Hispanic black women in Louisiana in 2014 to identify associations between parish-level (county equivalent) prevalence of jail incarceration within the black population and adverse birth outcomes (N = 23,954). We fit a log-Poisson model with generalized estimating equations to approximate the relative risk of preterm birth and low birth weight associated with an interquartile range increase in incarceration, controlling for confounders. In sensitivity analyses, we additionally adjusted for the parish-level index crime prevalence and analyzed regression models wherein white incarceration was used to predict the risk of adverse birth outcomes in order to quantify the degree to which mass incarceration may harm health above and beyond living in a high crime area. Results There was a significant 3% higher risk of preterm birth among black women associated with an interquartile range increase in the parish-level incarceration prevalence of black individuals, independent of other factors. Adjusting for the prevalence of index crimes did not substantively change the results of the models. Conclusion Due to the positive significant associations between the prevalence of black individuals incarcerated in Louisiana jails and estimated risk of preterm birth, mass incarceration may be an underlying cause of the persistent inequities in reproductive health outcomes experienced by black women in Louisiana. Not only are there economic and social impacts stemming from mass incarceration, but there may also be implications for population health and health inequities, including the persistence of racial disparities in preterm birth and low birth weight.

Racial disparities in recurrent preterm delivery risk: mediation analysis of prenatal care timing

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalidha Nasiri ◽  
Erica E. M. Moodie ◽  
Haim A. Abenhaim
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Preterm Delivery ◽  
Mediation Analysis ◽  
Hispanic Women ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Care Visit ◽  
Binomial Regression ◽  
Prenatal Care Visit

AbstractObjectivesWe estimated the degree to which the association between race and spontaneous recurrent preterm delivery is mediated by the timing of the first prenatal care visit.MethodsA retrospective population-based cohort study was conducted using the U.S. National Center for Health Statistics Natality Files. We identified 644,576 women with a prior PTB who delivered singleton live neonates between 2011 and 2017. A mediation analysis was conducted using log-binomial regression to evaluate the mediating effect of timing of first prenatal care visit.ResultsDuring the seven-year period, 349,293 (54.2%) White non-Hispanic women, 131,296 (20.4%) Black non-Hispanic women, 132,367 (20.5%) Hispanic women, and 31,620 (4.9%) Other women had a prior preterm delivery. The risk of late prenatal care initiation was higher in Black non-Hispanic women, Hispanic women, and Other women (women of other racial/ethnic backgrounds) compared to White non-Hispanic women, and the risk of preterm delivery was higher in women with late prenatal care initiation. Between 8 and 15% of the association between race and spontaneous recurrent preterm delivery acted through the delayed timing of the first prenatal care visit.ConclusionsRacial disparities in spontaneous recurrent preterm delivery rates can be partly, but not primarily, attributed to timing of first prenatal care visit.

The Impact of the State Children’s Health Insurance Program’s Unborn Child Ruling Expansions on Foreign-Born Latina Prenatal Care and Birth Outcomes, 2000–2007

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 1464-1471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Drewry ◽  
Bisakha Sen ◽  
Martha Wingate ◽  
Janet Bronstein ◽  
E. Michael Foster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
The State ◽  
Children's Health ◽  
Unborn Child ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Children's Health Insurance ◽  
Unborn Child Ruling ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Pre-pregnancy cardiovascular risk factors and racial disparities in birth outcomes: the Bogalusa Heart Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily W. Harville ◽  
Leann Myers ◽  
Tian Shu ◽  
Maeve E. Wallace ◽  
Lydia A. Bazzano
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Bogalusa Heart Study ◽  
Heart Study
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