scholarly journals The prevalence and characteristics of cow's milk protein allergy in infants and young children with iron deficiency anemia

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu-Ping Lai ◽  
Yao-Jong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Cow’S Milk Protein ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Management of cow's milk protein allergy in infants and young children: An expert panel perspective

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 481-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrina J Allen ◽  
Geoffrey P Davidson ◽  
Andrew S Day ◽  
David J Hill ◽  
Andrew S Kemp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Expert Panel ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Cow’S Milk Protein ◽  
Infants And Young Children

scholarly journals Advances in the Relationships Between Cow’s Milk Protein Allergy and Gut Microbiota in Infants

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yudie Yang ◽  
Xiaoqi Li ◽  
Ying Yang ◽  
Saeed Shoaie ◽  
Cheng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Cow’S Milk Protein ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Cow’s milk protein allergy (CMPA) is an immune response to cow’s milk proteins, which is one of the most common food allergies in infants and young children. It is estimated that 2–3% of infants and young children have CMPA. The diet, gut microbiota, and their interactions are believed to be involved in the alterations of mucosal immune tolerance, which might lead to the development of CMPA and other food allergies. In this review, the potential molecular mechanisms of CMPA, including omics technologies used for analyzing microbiota, impacts of early microbial exposures on CMPA development, and microbiota–host interactions, are summarized. The probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and other modulation strategies for gut microbiota and the potential application of microbiota-based design of diets for the CMPA treatment are also discussed. This review not only summarizes the current studies about the interactions of CMPA with gut microbiota but also gives insights into the possible CMPA treatment strategies by modulating gut microbiota, which might help in improving the life quality of CMPA patients in the future.

scholarly journals The Consequence of Excessive Consumption of Cow’s Milk: Protein-Losing Enteropathy with Anasarca in the Course of Iron Deficiency Anemia—Case Reports and a Literature Review

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 828
Author(s):  
Karolina Graczykowska ◽  
Joanna Kaczmarek ◽  
Dominika Wilczyńska ◽  
Ewa Łoś-Rycharska ◽  
Aneta Krogulska
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Milk Consumption ◽  
Protein Losing Enteropathy ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Excessive Consumption

Cow’s milk is a key component of a child’s diet. While the consumption of even trace amounts can result in allergy to its proteins and/or hypolactasia, excessive cow’s milk consumption can result in numerous health complications, including iron deficiency, due to the diet being improperly balanced. Although the incidence of iron deficiency has declined, it remains the most widespread nutritional deficiency globally and the most common cause of anemia. One rare consequence of anemia caused by iron deficiency is protein-losing enteropathy; however, the mechanisms of its development are unclear. The following manuscript, based on a literature review, presents two rare cases of children, a 16-month-old boy and a 2.5-year-old girl, who developed severe microcytic anemia, enteropathy with hypoalbuminemia, and anasarca as a result of excessive cow’s milk consumption. It highlights the possible relationship between excessive consumption of cow’s milk in children and severe iron deficiency anemia with accompanying hypoalbuminemia; it may also result in serious clinical conditions, even in children that do not demonstrate food hypersensitivity.

scholarly journals Diagnosis and Prevention of Iron Deficiency and Iron-Deficiency Anemia in Infants and Young Children (0-3 Years of Age)

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 126 (5) ◽  
pp. 1040-1050 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Baker ◽  
F. R. Greer ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Infants And Young Children

scholarly journals Iron deficiency anemia-related gut microbiota dysbiosis in infants and young children: A pilot study

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrone Muleviciene ◽  
Federica D’Amico ◽  
Silvia Turroni ◽  
Marco Candela ◽  
Augustina Jankauskiene
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Too Much of a Good Thing? Cerebral Sinovenous Thrombosis Due to Excessive Milk Intake Associated Anemia

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (9) ◽  
pp. 585-590
Author(s):  
Raquel Farias-Moeller ◽  
Sara Siddiqui ◽  
Megan Orr ◽  
Lileth Mondok
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Volume ◽  
Milk Intake ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Corpuscular Volume ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Cerebral Sinovenous Thrombosis ◽  
Sinovenous Thrombosis

Introduction: In young children, excessive cow’s milk intake causes iron-deficiency anemia, which is associated with hypercoagulable states. We present a case series of 4 toddlers with excessive milk intake iron-deficiency anemia and cerebral sinovenous thrombosis. Methods: Retrospective chart review of 4 patients was performed for patients with cerebral sinovenous thrombosis and iron-deficiency anemia secondary to excessive milk intake. Iron-deficiency anemia was defined as hemoglobin <11 mg/dL, mean corpuscular volume <70 fL, and serum ferritin <12 μg/L. Excessive milk intake was defined as consumption of >24 oz daily. Clinical, laboratory, and radiographic features were reviewed. Results: Age ranged from 12 to 24 months. Average hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, and ferritin levels were 6.1 g/dL, 22.7 g/dL, 52.7 fL, and 3.2 ng/mL, respectively. Daily milk consumption ranged from 40 to 60 oz. All patients presented with focal neurologic deficits, including seizures in 3. The location of cerebral sinovenous thrombosis varied, and 3 patients had venous infarcts, one of them hemorrhagic. All patients had a limited diet and were described as “picky eaters” by their parents, and only 1 had transitioned of a bottle. All patients were treated with anticoagulation, iron supplementation, and extensive dietary counseling to reduce cow’s milk intake. Conclusion: Iron-deficiency anemia due to excessive milk intake is an important and preventable etiology of pediatric cerebral sinovenous thrombosis. Focused anticipatory guidance is necessary for at-risk groups to prevent this neurologic emergency.

Severe Iron-Deficiency Anemia Still an Issue in Toddlers

2014 ◽  
Vol 53 (14) ◽  
pp. 1352-1358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabrielle Paoletti ◽  
Debra L. Bogen ◽  
A. Kim Ritchey
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Microcytic Anemia ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Milk Consumption ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
The Mean

Background and Objectives. Chronic, severe iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) in the first years of life increases the risk of irreversibly compromised cognitive, affective, and motor development. While IDA in infants has decreased because of dietary changes (iron-fortified formula and delaying cow’s milk), toddlers (13-36 months) are equally vulnerable to the adverse effects of IDA. We aimed to show that despite public health efforts, severe IDA remains a problem in toddlers and is associated with excess milk consumption. Methods. Retrospective chart review of children 6 to 36 months admitted to or evaluated by hematology at a children’s hospital from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2010 with a severe microcytic anemia (hemoglobin [Hb] <9 g/dL and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) <75 fL). Results. We identified 68 infants and toddlers with severe IDA; most (84%) were 13 to 36 months old. The mean Hb and MCV were 6.0 g/dL (range = 2.2-8.9 g/dL) and 54.0 fL (range = 45.5-69.8 fL), respectively. Fatigue, poor appetite, and pica were the most common symptoms, found in 43%, 29%, and 22% of patients, respectively. Only 41% of parents reported pale skin while 77% of physicians recorded it on physical exam. Daily cow’s milk consumption surpassed 24 ounces for 47 of 48 children with reported intake; 11 consumed more than 64 ounces per day. Conclusions. Despite current screening recommendations, severe IDA continues to be a problem in toddlers and strongly correlates with excess cow’s milk consumption. This reiterates the importance of screening for IDA into routine toddler care.

Practical dietary management of protein energy malnutrition in young children with cow’s milk protein allergy

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosan Meyer ◽  
Carina Venter ◽  
Adam T. Fox ◽  
Neil Shah
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Dietary Management ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Cow’S Milk Protein
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