Optimization of injection water composition during low salinity water flooding in carbonate rocks: A numerical simulation study

2021 ◽  
pp. 109847
Author(s):  
Zahra Negahdari ◽  
Sabber Khandoozi ◽  
Mojtaba Ghaedi ◽  
M. Reza Malayeri
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Simulation Study ◽  
Carbonate Rocks ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Water Composition ◽  
Low Salinity Water ◽  
Injection Water ◽  
Salinity Water

scholarly journals Enhanced oil recovery efficiency of low-salinity water flooding in oil reservoirs including Fe2+ ions

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 355-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeonkyeong Lee ◽  
Hyemin Park ◽  
Jeonghwan Lee ◽  
Wonmo Sung
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Sulfate Ion ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Low Salinity Water ◽  
Low Salinity Waterflooding ◽  
Injection Water ◽  
Salinity Water ◽  
Reservoir Simulator

The low-salinity waterflooding is an attractive eco-friendly producing method, recently, for carbonate reservoirs. When ferrous ion is present in the formation water, that is, acidic water, the injection of low-salinity water generally with neutral pH can yield precipitation or dissolution of Fe-minerals by pH mixing effect. FeSO4 and pyrite can be precipitated and re-dissolved, or vice versa, while siderite and Fe(OH)2 are insoluble which are precipitated, causing permeability reduction. Particularly, pyrite chemically reacts with low-salinity water and release sulfate ion, altering the wettability, favorably, to water-wet. In this aspect, we analyzed oil production focusing on dissolution of Fe-minerals and Fe-precipitation using a commercial compositional reservoir simulator. From the simulation results, the quantities of precipitation and dissolution were enormously large regardless of the type of Fe-minerals and there was almost no difference in terms of total volume in this system. However, among Fe-minerals, Fe(OH)2 precipitation and pyrite dissolution were noticeably large compared to troilite, FeSO4, and siderite. Therefore, it is essential to analyze precipitation or dissolution for each Fe-mineral, individually. Meanwhile, in dissolving process of pyrite, sulfate ions were released differently depending on the content of pyrite. Here, the magnitude of the generated sulfate ion was limited at certain level of pyrite content. Thus, it is necessary to pay attention for determining the concentration of sulfate ion in designing the composition of injection water. Ultimately, in the investigation of the efficiency of oil production, it was found that the oil production was enhanced due to an additional sulfate ion generated from FeS2 dissolution.

Effect of water salinity and rock components on wettability alteration during low-salinity water flooding in carbonate rocks

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenbo Su ◽  
Yuetian Liu ◽  
Jian Pi ◽  
Rukuan Chai ◽  
Changyong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbonate Rocks ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Wettability Alteration ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Effect Of Water ◽  
Low Salinity Water ◽  
Salinity Water

scholarly journals Mechanisms of Microscopic Displacement During Enhanced Oil Recovery in Mixed-Wet Rocks Revealed Using Direct Numerical Simulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
pp. 731-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Akai ◽  
Amer M. Alhammadi ◽  
Martin J. Blunt ◽  
Branko Bijeljic
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Enhanced Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Surfactant Flooding ◽  
Displacement Efficiency ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Low Salinity Water ◽  
Salinity Water ◽  
The Impact

Abstract We demonstrate how to use numerical simulation models directly on micro-CT images to understand the impact of several enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods on microscopic displacement efficiency. To describe the physics with high-fidelity, we calibrate the model to match a water-flooding experiment conducted on the same rock sample (Akai et al. in Transp Porous Media 127(2):393–414, 2019. 10.1007/s11242-018-1198-8). First we show comparisons of water-flooding processes between the experiment and simulation, focusing on the characteristics of remaining oil after water-flooding in a mixed-wet state. In both the experiment and simulation, oil is mainly present as thin oil layers confined to pore walls. Then, taking this calibrated simulation model as a base case, we examine the application of three EOR processes: low salinity water-flooding, surfactant flooding and polymer flooding. In low salinity water-flooding, the increase in oil recovery was caused by displacement of oil from the centers of pores without leaving oil layers behind. Surfactant flooding gave the best improvement in the recovery factor of 16% by reducing the amount of oil trapped by capillary forces. Polymer flooding indicated improvement in microscopic sweep efficiency at a higher capillary number, while it did not show an improvement at a low capillary number. Overall, this work quantifies the impact of different EOR processes on local displacement efficiency and establishes a workflow based on combining experiment and modeling to design optimal recovery processes.

New insights into the mechanism of wettability alteration during low salinity water flooding in carbonate rocks

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 695-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenbo Su ◽  
Yuetian Liu ◽  
Huohai Yang ◽  
Jian Pi ◽  
Rukuan Chai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbonate Rocks ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Wettability Alteration ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Low Salinity Water ◽  
Salinity Water

Planning of Low Salinity Water Flooding with the use of Novel Laboratory and Numerical Simulation Studies

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Othman ◽  
A. Aljehani ◽  
M. F. Kanfar ◽  
R. Abdel Azim ◽  
H. Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Simulation Studies ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Low Salinity Water ◽  
Salinity Water

Relative permeability variations during low salinity water flooding in carbonate rocks with different mineral compositions

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenbo Su ◽  
Yuetian Liu ◽  
Ziang Gao ◽  
Li Yang ◽  
Renfeng Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Permeability ◽  
Carbonate Rocks ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Low Salinity Water ◽  
Salinity Water ◽  
Mineral Compositions

The prospects and potential opportunities of low salinity water flooding for offshore applications in sandstones

2021 ◽  
Vol 199 ◽  
pp. 108260
Author(s):  
Quan Chen ◽  
Mohammed Otaibi ◽  
Subhash Ayirala ◽  
Ali Yousef
Keyword(s):  
Water Flooding ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Low Salinity Water ◽  
Salinity Water
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