Feasibility study of 28 GHz and 38 GHz millimeter-wave technologies for fog radio access networks using multi-slope path loss model

Fog Radio Access Network (F-RAN) is a promising technology to address the bandwidth bottlenecks and network latency problems, by providing cloud-like services to the end nodes (ENs) at the edge of the network. The network latency can further be decreased by minimizing the transmission delay, which can be achieved by optimizing the number of Fog Nodes (FNs). In this context, we propose a stochastic geometry model to optimize the number of FNs in a finite F-RAN by exploiting the multi-slope path loss model (MS-PLM), which can more precisely characterize the path loss dependency on the propagation environment. The proposed approach shows that the optimum probability of being a FN is determined by the real root of a polynomial equation of a degree determined by the far-field path loss exponent (PLE) of the MS-PLM. The results analyze the impact of the path loss parameters and the number of deployed nodes on the optimum number of FNs. The results show that the optimum number of FNs is less than 7% of the total number of deployed nodes for all the considered scenarios. It also shows that optimizing the number of FNs achieves a significant reduction in the average transmission delay over the unoptimized scenarios.

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Path loss model for indoor emergency stairwell environment at millimeter wave band for 5G network

TURKISH JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING & COMPUTER SCIENCES ◽

10.3906/elk-1710-248 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 26 (6) ◽

pp. 3025-3033 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ahmed Mohammed AL-SAMMAN ◽

Tharek Abd RAHMAN ◽

Md. Nour HINDIA ◽

Jamal NASIR

Keyword(s):

Millimeter Wave ◽

Path Loss ◽

Wave Band ◽

Loss Model ◽

Path Loss Model ◽

5G Network ◽

Millimeter Wave Band

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Path Loss Model for Outdoor Parking Environments at 28 GHz and 38 GHz for 5G Wireless Networks

Symmetry ◽

10.3390/sym10120672 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 672 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ahmed Al-Samman ◽

Tharek Rahman ◽

MHD Hindia ◽

Abdusalama Daho ◽

Effariza Hanafi

Keyword(s):

Wireless Networks ◽

Wireless Network ◽

Millimeter Wave ◽

Path Loss ◽

Loss Model ◽

Frequency Bands ◽

Path Loss Model ◽

Parking Lot ◽

Loss Models ◽

5G Systems

It has been widely speculated that the performance of the next generation Internet of Things (IoT) based wireless network should meet a transmission speed on the order of 1000 times more than current wireless networks; energy consumption on the order of 10 times less and access delay of less than 1 ns that will be provided by future 5G systems. To increase the current mobile broadband capacity in future 5G systems, the millimeter wave (mmWave) band will be used with huge amounts of bandwidth available in this band. Hence, to support this wider bandwith at the mmWave band, new radio access technology (RAT) should be provided for 5G systems. The new RAT with symmetry design for downlink and uplink should support different scenarios such as device to device (D2D) and multi-hop communications. This paper presents the path loss models in parking lot environment which represents the multi-end users for future 5G applications. To completely assess the typical performance of 5G wireless network systems across these different frequency bands, it is necessary to develop path loss (PL) models across these wide frequency ranges. The short wavelength of the highest frequency bands provides many scatterings from different objects. Cars and other objects are some examples of scatterings, which represent a critical issue at millimeter-wave bands. This paper presents the large-scale propagation characteristics for millimeter-wave in a parking lot environment. A new physical-based path loss model for parking lots is proposed. The path loss was investigated based on different models. The measurement was conducted at 28 GHz and 38 GHz frequencies for different scenarios. Results showed that the path loss exponent values were approximately identical at 28 GHz and 38 GHz for different scenarios of parking lots. It was found that the proposed compensation factor varied between 10.6 dB and 23.1 dB and between 13.1 and 19.1 in 28 GHz and 38 GHz, respectively. The proposed path loss models showed that more compensation factors are required for more scattering objects, especially at 28 GHz.

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