According to the model frequently used as reference, plant cell growth occurs only when turgor surpasses a threshold. This model was proposed considering a cylindrical cell of constant wall thickness immerged in a water solution, with viscoelastic behaviour, hydraulic conductivity, variable extensibility, and unidirectional elongation. The author, Lockhart (1965), did not consider the effects of apoplasm hydrostatic potential, a subject treated later by Calbo and Pessoa (1994) who argued that this component of cell potential would interfere with cell growth rate. To evaluate this effect, where possible the same deductive procedures as those employed by Lockhart were used here, which resulted in a set of equivalent equations for cell growth, turgor and water potential, developed with respect to physico-chemical variables. Relationships were derived from the conductivity equation, the definition of extensibility, Hook's law, and considering that the tension on cell wall transversal section is proportional to turgor and apoplasm hydrostatic potential. The numeric solutions for the equations showed that suction increased extension rate at the beginning of cell growth. Some experiments on plant growth and structural models of cell walls are discussed to point out the role of suction on wall tensioning and cell hydration during cell elongation.
Apoplasm hydrostatic pressure on growth of cylindrical cells
