scholarly journals Arousal amplifies biased competition between high and low priority memories more in women than in men: The role of elevated noradrenergic activity

2017 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 80-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Clewett ◽  
Michiko Sakaki ◽  
Ringo Huang ◽  
Shawn E. Nielsen ◽  
Mara Mather
Keyword(s):  
Biased Competition

scholarly journals Cause and Effect Theories of Attention: The Role of Conceptual Metaphors

2002 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Fernandez-Duque ◽  
Mark L. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Psychology ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Limited Resource ◽  
Scientific Concepts ◽  
Biased Competition ◽  
Cause And Effect ◽  
Classic Problem ◽  
Competition Models

Scientific concepts are defined by metaphors. These metaphors determine what attention is and what count as adequate explanations of the phenomenon. The authors analyze these metaphors within 3 types of attention theories: (a) “cause” theories, in which attention is presumed to modulate information processing (e.g., attention as a spotlight; attention as a limited resource); (b) “effect” theories, in which attention is considered to be a by-product of information processing (e.g., the competition metaphor); and (c) hybrid theories that combine cause and effect aspects (e.g., biased-competition models). The present analysis reveals the crucial role of metaphors in cognitive psychology, neuroscience, and the efforts of scientists to find a resolution to the classic problem of cause versus effect interpretations.

Biased competition and visual search: the role of luminance and size contrast

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Proulx ◽  
Howard E. Egeth
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Biased Competition ◽  
Size Contrast

scholarly journals Context effects in figure-ground perception: The role of biased competition, suppression and long-range connections

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1007-1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Salvagio ◽  
A. J. Mojica ◽  
M. A. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Context Effects ◽  
Biased Competition

Role of dactinomycin in the improved survival of children with Wilms' tumor

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (12) ◽  
pp. 1005-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Fernbach
Keyword(s):  
Wilms Tumor

Role of the allergist in diagnosis and management of patients with uveitis

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Van Metre
Keyword(s):  
Diagnosis And Management

The power of norms to sway fused group members

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winnifred R. Louis ◽  
Craig McGarty ◽  
Emma F. Thomas ◽  
Catherine E. Amiot ◽  
Fathali M. Moghaddam
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Anthropology ◽  
Normative Systems ◽  
Violent Extremism ◽  
Identity Fusion ◽  
Group Members

AbstractWhitehouse adapts insights from evolutionary anthropology to interpret extreme self-sacrifice through the concept of identity fusion. The model neglects the role of normative systems in shaping behaviors, especially in relation to violent extremism. In peaceful groups, increasing fusion will actually decrease extremism. Groups collectively appraise threats and opportunities, actively debate action options, and rarely choose violence toward self or others.

Elaborating the role of reflection and individual differences in the study of folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Arceneaux
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
History Of ◽  
Economic Beliefs

AbstractIntuitions guide decision-making, and looking to the evolutionary history of humans illuminates why some behavioral responses are more intuitive than others. Yet a place remains for cognitive processes to second-guess intuitive responses – that is, to be reflective – and individual differences abound in automatic, intuitive processing as well.

The role of affect in feelings of obligation

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefen Beeler-Duden ◽  
Meltem Yucel ◽  
Amrisha Vaish
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotions ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Sense Of Obligation

Abstract Tomasello offers a compelling account of the emergence of humans’ sense of obligation. We suggest that more needs to be said about the role of affect in the creation of obligations. We also argue that positive emotions such as gratitude evolved to encourage individuals to fulfill cooperative obligations without the negative quality that Tomasello proposes is inherent in obligations.

Refining our understanding of the “elephant in the room”

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Whiten
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Cultural Evolution ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Technological Culture

Abstract The authors do the field of cultural evolution a service by exploring the role of non-social cognition in human cumulative technological culture, truly neglected in comparison with socio-cognitive abilities frequently assumed to be the primary drivers. Some specifics of their delineation of the critical factors are problematic, however. I highlight recent chimpanzee–human comparative findings that should help refine such analyses.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document