Peripheral Block of the Hyperpolarization-Activated Cation Current (Ih) Reduces Mechanical Allodynia in Animal Models of Postoperative and Neuropathic Pain

: The animal models of neuropathic pain that faithfully reproduce the symptoms that occur in humans are a fundamental tool for understanding the mechanisms underlying the disease, identifying new targets, and developing effective drugs. So far, the studies aimed at describing the animal models of neuropathic pain have been focused mainly on the sensory symptoms associated with the disease consisting of mechanical allodynia and hyperalgesia, cold allodynia and hyperalgesia, and heat hyperalgesia. However, affective, and cognitive comorbidities occur in patients suffering from neuropathic pain, arising in a closely associated and dependent manner on the sensory symptoms. The same occurs in animal models of neuropathic pain in which anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors and cognitive disorders are observable at different time points from the induction of neuropathy. Today there are several tests available that exploit different paradigms in rodents for measuring sensorial, affective, and cognitive behavior. This review will describe those mainly used in the scientific community. The tests mainly used are based on the motor activity of the animals tested, so it is fundamental that it remains unaffected in the model used for inducing neuropathic pain. We hope that this review will be useful to the scientific community to direct the choice towards the best, most suitable, and simplest tests for the study of the sensory, affective, and cognitive symptoms associated with neuropathic pain.

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The Effect of Blocking of Antidromic Impulses by Capsaicin on Mechanical Allodynia in a Rat Model of Peripheral Neuropathic Pain

The Korean Journal of Pain ◽

10.3344/jkps.2004.17.1.5 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 5 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jin Woo Shin ◽

Kyung Don Hahm ◽

Joong Woo Leem ◽

Chul Hoo Park ◽

Seung Woo Ku ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neuropathic Pain ◽

Rat Model ◽

Mechanical Allodynia ◽

Peripheral Neuropathic Pain

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The implication of transient receptor potential canonical 6 in BDNF-induced mechanical allodynia in rat model of diabetic neuropathic pain

Life Sciences ◽

10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119308 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 273 ◽

pp. 119308

Author(s):

Bei Miao ◽

Yue Yin ◽

Guangtong Mao ◽

Benhuo Zhao ◽

Jiaojiao Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neuropathic Pain ◽

Rat Model ◽

Mechanical Allodynia ◽

Transient Receptor Potential ◽

Receptor Potential ◽

Diabetic Neuropathic Pain ◽

Transient Receptor Potential Canonical ◽

Transient Receptor

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Static mechanical allodynia in post-surgical neuropathic pain after breast cancer treatments

Scandinavian Journal of Pain ◽

10.1515/sjpain-2020-0013 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 683-691

Author(s):

Laura Mustonen ◽

Tommi Aho ◽

Hanna Harno ◽

Eija Kalso

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Neuropathic Pain ◽

Psychological Factors ◽

Mechanical Allodynia ◽

Cold Pressor Test ◽

Pain Tolerance ◽

Cancer Surgery ◽

Breast Cancer Surgery ◽

Cold Pain ◽

Static Mechanical

AbstractObjectivesStatic mechanical allodynia (SMA), i. e., pain caused by normally non-painful static pressure, is a prevalent manifestation of neuropathic pain (NP). Although SMA may significantly affect the patient’s daily life, it is less well studied in the clinical context. We aimed to characterize SMA in women with chronic post-surgical NP (CPSNP) after breast cancer surgery. Our objective was to improve understanding of the clinical picture of this prevalent pain condition. This is a substudy of a previously published larger cohort of patients with intercostobrachial nerve injury after breast cancer surgery (Mustonen et al. Pain. 2019;160:246–56).MethodsWe studied SMA in 132 patients with CPSNP after breast cancer surgery. The presence, location, and intensity of SMA were assessed at clinical sensory examination. The patients gave self-reports of pain with the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI). We studied the association of SMA to type of surgery, oncological treatments, BMI, other pains, and psychological factors. General pain sensitivity was assessed by the cold pressor test.ResultsSMA was prevalent (84%) in this cohort whereas other forms of allodynia were scarce (6%). Moderate-to-severe SMA was frequently observed even in patients who reported mild pain in BPI. Breast and the side of chest were the most common locations of SMA. SMA was associated with breast surgery type, but not with psychological factors. Severe SMA, but not self-reported pain, was associated with lower cold pain tolerance.ConclusionsSMA is prevalent in post-surgical NP after breast cancer surgery and it may represent a distinct NP phenotype. High intensities of SMA may signal the presence of central sensitization.ImplicationsSMA should be considered when examining and treating patients with post-surgical NP after breast cancer surgery.

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Tongluo Zhitong Prescription Alleviates Allodynia, Hyperalgesia, and Dyskinesia in the Chronic Constriction Injury Model of Rats

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2017/8197281 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zhiyong Wang ◽

Jianwei Wang ◽

Lihua Qin ◽

Weiguang Zhang

Keyword(s):

Neuropathic Pain ◽

Mechanical Allodynia ◽

Chronic Constriction Injury ◽

Catgut Suture ◽

Cold Allodynia ◽

Injury Model ◽

Neuropathic Pain Model ◽

Gait Function ◽

Chronic Constriction Injury Model ◽

Heat Hyperalgesia

Neuropathic pain is common in clinical practice. Exploration of new drug therapeutics has always been carried out for more satisfactory effects and fewer side-effects. In the present study, we aimed to investigate effects of Tongluo Zhitong Prescription (TZP), a compounded Chinese medicine description, on neuropathic pain model of rats with chronic constriction injury (CCI). The CCI model was established by loosely ligating sciatic nerve with catgut suture, proximal to its trifurcation. The static and dynamic allodynia, heat hyperalgesia, mechanical allodynia, cold allodynia, and gait were assessed. Our results showed that TZP alleviated CCI-induced static and dynamic allodynia, suppressed heat hyperalgesia and cold and mechanical allodynia, and improved gait function. These results suggest that TZP could alleviate neuropathic pain. Further experiments are needed to explore its mechanisms.

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NMDA Antagonist Peptide Supplementation Enhances Pain Alleviation by Adrenal Medullary Transplants

Cell Transplantation ◽

10.3727/000000005783983115 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 203-211 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Farinaz Nasirinezhad ◽

Jacqueline Sagen

Keyword(s):

Neuropathic Pain ◽

Animal Models ◽

Striated Muscle ◽

Thermal Hyperalgesia ◽

Nmda Antagonist ◽

Nmda Receptor Antagonist ◽

Intraplantar Injection ◽

Amino Acid Peptide ◽

Spinal Subarachnoid Space ◽

Pain Symptoms

Spinal transplantation of adrenal medullary chromaffin cells has been shown to decrease pain responses in several animal models. Improved potency may be possible by engineering cells to produce greater levels of naturally derived analgesics. As an initial screen for potential candidates, adrenal medullary transplants were evaluated in combination with exogenously administered neuropeptides in rodent pain models. Histogranin is a 15-amino acid peptide that exhibits NMDA receptor antagonist activity. The stable derivative [Ser1]histogranin (SHG) can attenuate pain symptoms in some animal models. The formalin model for neurogenic inflammatory pain and the chronic constriction injury (CCI) model for neuropathic pain were used to evaluate the combined effects of chromaffin cell transplantation and intrathecal (IT) SHG injections. Animals were implanted with either adrenal medullary or control striated muscle tissue in the spinal subarachnoid space. For evaluation of formalin responses, animals were pretreated with SHG (0.5, 1.0, 3.0 μg) followed by an intraplantar injection of formalin, and flinching responses were quantified. Pretreatment with SHG had no significant effect on flinching behavior in control animals at lower doses, with incomplete attenuation only at the highest dose. In contrast, 0.5 μg SHG significantly reduced flinching responses in animals with adrenal medullary transplants, and 1.0 μg nearly completely eliminated flinching in these animals in the tonic phase. For evaluation of effects on neuropathic pain, animals received transplants 1 week following CCI, and were tested for thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia and cold allodynia before and following SHG treatment. The addition of low doses of SHG nearly completely eliminated neuropathic pain symptoms in adrenal medullary transplanted animals, while in control transplanted animals only thermal hyperalgesia was attenuated, at the highest dose of SHG. These results suggest that SHG can augment adrenal medullary transplants, and the combination may result in improved effectiveness and range in the treatment of chronic pain syndromes.

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