Fuel properties of Brassica juncea oil methyl esters blended with ultra-low sulfur diesel fuel

Concern about the depletion of petroleum reserves, rising prices of conventional fuels, security of supply and global warming have driven research toward the development of renewable fuels for use in diesel engines. These fuels have different physical and chemical properties that affect the diesel combustion process. This paper compares between the autoignition, combustion, performance and emissions of soybean derived biodiesel, JP-8 and ultra low sulfur diesel (ULSD) in a high speed single-cylinder research diesel engine equipped with a common rail injection system. Tests were conducted at steady state conditions at different injection pressures ranging from 600 bar to 1200 bar. The ‘rate of heat release’ traces are analyzed to determine the effect of fuel properties on the ignition delay, premixed combustion fraction and mixing and diffusion controlled combustion fractions. Biodiesel produced the largest diffusion controlled combustion fraction at all injection pressures compared to ULSD and JP-8. At 600 bar injection pressure, the diffusion controlled combustion fraction for biodiesel was 53% whereas both JP-8 and ULSD produced 39%. In addition, the effect of fuel properties on engine performance, fuel economy, and engine-out emissions is determined. On an average JP-8 produced 3% higher thermal efficiency than ULSD. Special attention is given to the NOx emissions and particulate matter characteristics. On an average biodiesel produced 37% less NOx emissions compared to ULSD and JP-8.

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Emissions and In-Cylinder Combustion Characteristics of Fischer-Tropsch and Conventional Diesel Fuels in a Modern CI Engine

ASME 2005 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference (ICEF2005) ◽

10.1115/icef2005-1326 ◽

2005 ◽

Author(s):

Alexander G. Sappok ◽

Jeremy T. Llaniguez ◽

Joseph Acar ◽

Victor W. Wong

Keyword(s):

Combustion Characteristics ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

Fuel Properties ◽

Emissions Reduction ◽

Cylinder Pressure ◽

Fischer Tropsch ◽

Diesel Fuels ◽

Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel ◽

Low Sulfur ◽

Detailed Chemical

Derived from natural gas, coal, and even biomass Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) diesel fuels have a number of very desirable properties. The potential for emissions reduction with F-T diesel fuels in laboratory engine tests and on-road vehicle tests is well documented. While a number of chemical and physical characteristics of F-T fuels have been attributed to the observed reduction in emissions, the actual effects of both the fuel properties and in-cylinder combustion characteristics in modern diesel engines are still not well understood. In this study a 2002, six-cylinder, 5.9 liter, Cummins ISB 300 diesel engine, outfitted with an in-cylinder pressure transducer. was subjected to a subset of the Euro III 13-mode test cycle under steady-state operating conditions. Emissions and in-cylinder pressure measurements were conducted for neat F-T diesel, low sulfur diesel (LSD), ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD), and a blend of FT/LSD. In addition, a detailed chemical analysis of the fuels was carried out. The differences in the measured combustion characteristics and fuel properties were compared to the emissions variations between the fuels studied, and an explanation for the observed emissions behavior of the fuels was developed.

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Comparison of Select Properties and Sulfur and Nitrogen Species in Low and Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel Fuel

10.4271/2008-01-2386 ◽

2008 ◽

Author(s):

Andrew Buczynsky

Keyword(s):

Diesel Fuel ◽

Nitrogen Species ◽

Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel ◽

Low Sulfur

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Mesoporous-molecular-sieve-supported nickel sorbents for adsorptive desulfurization of commercial ultra-low-sulfur diesel fuel

Applied Catalysis B Environmental ◽

10.1016/j.apcatb.2010.11.014 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 101 (3-4) ◽

pp. 718-726 ◽

Cited By ~ 115

Author(s):

Cigdem Sentorun-Shalaby ◽

Shyamal Kumar Saha ◽

Xiaoliang Ma ◽

Chunshan Song

Keyword(s):

Diesel Fuel ◽

Molecular Sieve ◽

Mesoporous Molecular Sieve ◽

Adsorptive Desulfurization ◽

Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel ◽

Low Sulfur

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Navy Mobility Fuels Forecasting System Phase 5 report: Impacts of ultra low sulfur diesel fuel production on Navy fuel availability

10.2172/5585737 ◽

1989 ◽

Author(s):

G. Hadder ◽

S. Das ◽

R. Lee ◽

N. Domingo ◽

R. Davis

Keyword(s):

Diesel Fuel ◽

Fuel Production ◽

Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel ◽

Forecasting System ◽

Low Sulfur ◽

System Phase

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Exhaust Emissions From a 1,500 kW EMD 16-645-E Locomotive Diesel Engine Using Several Ultra-Low Sulfur Diesel Fuels

ASME 2005 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference (ICEF2005) ◽

10.1115/icef2005-1228 ◽

2005 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Steven G. Fritz ◽

John C. Hedrick ◽

Brian E. Smith

Keyword(s):

Diesel Fuel ◽

Motor Vehicle ◽

Exhaust Emissions ◽

Exhaust Emission ◽

Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽

Test Procedures ◽

Diesel Fuels ◽

Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel ◽

Aromatic Content ◽

Low Sulfur

This paper documents results from an experimental study performed to determine the effects of several ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD) fuels (< 15 ppm S) on exhaust emissions from a 1,500 kW EMD 16-645-E, roots-blown, diesel locomotive engine. U.S. EPA-regulated emission levels of hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), and particulate (PM) were measured using U.S. EPA locomotive test procedures while operating on four ULSD fuels, plus a fifth baseline fuel which was a commercially-available Federal on-highway diesel fuel (< 500 ppm). The four ULSD fuels were (1) a ULSD California motor vehicle diesel fuel (CARB fuel) with an aromatic content of less than 10 percent, (2) a ULSD “equivalent” California motor vehicle diesel fuel with an aromatic content of 24 percent, (3 and 4) two custom blended “2006 ULSD Federal” diesel fuels with relatively low Cetane Numbers and higher aromatic levels. This paper reports the changes observed in the regulated exhaust emission levels between the ULSD CARB diesel fuels and the ULSD Federal diesel fuels.

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