Study of monthly mean daily diffuse and direct beam radiation estimation with MODIS atmospheric product

2019 ◽  
Vol 132 ◽  
pp. 221-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-Long Chen ◽  
Lei He ◽  
Qiao Chen ◽  
Ming-Quan Lv ◽  
Hong-Lin Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beam Radiation ◽  
Direct Beam

Direct Beam Radiation Exposure to Surgeons During Pinning of Supracondylar Humerus Fractures

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily A. Eismann ◽  
Eric J. Wall ◽  
Elizabeth C. Thomas ◽  
Megan A. Little
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Beam Radiation ◽  
Direct Beam ◽  
Supracondylar Humerus Fractures ◽  
Humerus Fractures

Interception of Diffuse and Direct-beam Radiation by a Hedgerow Apple Orchard

1976 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 603-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. CHARLES-EDWARDS ◽  
M. R. THORPE
Keyword(s):  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Beam Radiation ◽  
Direct Beam

Conopy architecture of Larrea tridentata (DC.) Cov., a desert shrub: foliage orientation and direct beam radiation interception

Oecologia ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard S. Neufeld ◽  
Frederick C. Meinzer ◽  
Charles S. Wisdom ◽  
M. Rasoul Sharifi ◽  
Philip W. Rundel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Larrea Tridentata ◽  
Beam Radiation ◽  
Radiation Interception ◽  
Direct Beam ◽  
Desert Shrub

Direct beam radiation: Projection onto tilted surfaces

Solar Energy ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Vignola ◽  
D.K. McDaniels
Keyword(s):  
Beam Radiation ◽  
Direct Beam

Solar Radiation on Horizontal Tubular Microalgae Photobioreactor: Direct Beam Radiation

2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Maor ◽  
J. Appelbaum
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Beam Irradiation ◽  
Beam Radiation ◽  
Direct Beam ◽  
Horizontal Tubes ◽  
Solar Plant ◽  
Vertical Walls

The solar irradiation on a photobioreactor plant for cultivating microalgae products such as dyes, vitamin, and biofuel is formulated, calculated, and verified. The outdoor solar plant consists of multiple horizontal tubes arranged in multiple vertical walls. The solar irradiation determines the growth rate of the algae; therefore, calculating the amount of solar radiation on the plant is important to estimate the production of microalgae. The incident direct beam irradiation on the tubes is calculated, taking into account tube and wall shading.

Measurement of solar-energy (direct beam radiation) in Abu Dhabi, UAE

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 515-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.D. Islam ◽  
A.A. Alili ◽  
I. Kubo ◽  
M. Ohadi
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Abu Dhabi ◽  
Beam Radiation ◽  
Direct Beam

In situ REM imaging of surface processes on ceramic bulk crystals from 300 to 1670 K in a conventional TEM

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 660-661
Author(s):  
Z. L. Wang ◽  
J. Bentley
Keyword(s):  
High Temperatures ◽  
Image Resolution ◽  
Atomic Processes ◽  
Crystal Surfaces ◽  
Beam Radiation ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Reflection Electron Microscopy ◽  
Gas Reactions

Studying the behavior of surfaces at high temperatures is of great importance for understanding the properties of ceramics and associated surface-gas reactions. Atomic processes occurring on bulk crystal surfaces at high temperatures can be recorded by reflection electron microscopy (REM) in a conventional transmission electron microscope (TEM) with relatively high resolution, because REM is especially sensitive to atomic-height steps.Improved REM image resolution with a FEG: Cleaved surfaces of a-alumina (012) exhibit atomic flatness with steps of height about 5 Å, determined by reference to a screw (or near screw) dislocation with a presumed Burgers vector of b = (1/3)<012> (see Fig. 1). Steps of heights less than about 0.8 Å can be clearly resolved only with a field emission gun (FEG) (Fig. 2). The small steps are formed by the surface oscillating between the closely packed O and Al stacking layers. The bands of dark contrast (Fig. 2b) are the result of beam radiation damage to surface areas initially terminated with O ions.

Beam-radiation effects on wool in the ESEM

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 674-675
Author(s):  
G.D. Danilatos
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Beam Radiation ◽  
Liquid Environment ◽  
Know How ◽  
Environmental Sem

The advent of the environmental SEM (ESEM) has made possible the examination of uncoated and untreated specimen surfaces in the presence of a gaseous or liquid environment. However, the question arises as to what degree the examined surface remains unaffected by the action of the electron beam. It is reasonable to assume that the beam invariably affects all specimens but the type and degree of effect may be totally unimportant for one class of applications and totally unacceptable for another; yet, for a third class, it is imperative to know how our observations are modified by the presence of the beam. The aim of this report is to create an awareness of the need to initiate research work in various fields in order to determine the guiding rules of the limitations (or even advantages) due to irradiation.

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