Did the three little pigs frighten the wolf? How deaf readers use lexical and syntactic cues to comprehend sentences

2021 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 103908
Author(s):  
Nadina Gómez-Merino ◽  
Inmaculada Fajardo ◽  
Antonio Ferrer
Keyword(s):  
Deaf Readers ◽  
Syntactic Cues

scholarly journals Bilingual deaf readers’ use of semantic and syntactic cues in the processing of English relative clauses

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 980-998 ◽  
Author(s):  
PILAR PIÑAR ◽  
MATTHEW T. CARLSON ◽  
JILL P. MORFORD ◽  
PAOLA E. DUSSIAS
Keyword(s):  
Sentence Processing ◽  
Relative Clauses ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Reading Speed ◽  
Syntactic Complexity ◽  
Processing Strategies ◽  
Deaf Readers ◽  
Syntactic Cues ◽  
Processing Difficulty ◽  
Object Relative

Eye fixation measures were used to examine English relative clause processing by adult ASL–English bilingual deaf readers. Participants processed subject relative clauses faster than object relative clauses, but expected animacy cues eliminated processing difficulty in object relative clauses. This brings into question previous claims that deaf readers’ sentence processing strategies are qualitatively different from those of hearing English native speakers. Measures of English comprehension predicted reading speed, but not differences in syntactic processing. However, a trend for ASL self-ratings to predict the ability to handle syntactic complexity approached significance. Results suggest a need to explore how objective ASL proficiency measures might provide insights into deaf readers’ ability to exploit syntactic cues in English.

The Neurobiology of Reading Differs for Deaf and Hearing Adults

2020 ◽  
pp. 346-359
Author(s):  
Karen Emmorey
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Processing ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Reading Success ◽  
Deaf Readers ◽  
Electrophysiological Studies ◽  
Deaf Adults ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Reading System ◽  
New Evidence

Recent neuroimaging and electrophysiological studies reveal how the reading system successfully adapts when phonological codes are relatively coarse-grained due to reduced auditory input during development. New evidence suggests that the optimal end-state for the reading system may differ for deaf versus hearing adults and indicates that certain neural patterns that are maladaptive for hearing readers may be beneficial for deaf readers. This chapter focuses on deaf adults who are signers and have achieved reading success. Although the left-hemisphere-dominant reading circuit is largely similar in both deaf and hearing individuals, skilled deaf readers exhibit a more bilateral neural response to written words and sentences than their hearing peers, as measured by event-related potentials and functional magnetic resonance imaging. Skilled deaf readers may also rely more on neural regions involved in semantic processing than hearing readers do. Overall, emerging evidence indicates that the neural markers for reading skill may differ for deaf and hearing adults.

Innateness, abstract names, and syntactic cues in How Children Learn the Meanings of Words

2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1107-1108
Author(s):  
Heidi Harley ◽  
Massimo Piattelli-Palmarini
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Lexical Acquisition ◽  
Syntactic Cues

Bloom masterfully captures the state-of-the-art in the study of lexical acquisition. He also exposes the extent of our ignorance about the learning of names for non-observables. HCLMW adopts an innatist position without adopting modularity of mind; however, it seems likely that modularity is needed to bridge the gap between object names and the rest of the lexicon.

Reading?...Pah! (I Got It!): Innovative Reading Techniques for Successful Deaf Readers

1999 ◽  
Vol 144 (4) ◽  
pp. 298-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Connie (Ruth) S. Schimmel ◽  
Sandra G. Edwards ◽  
Hugh T. Prickett
Keyword(s):  
Deaf Readers

scholarly journals What Eye Movements Reveal About Deaf Readers

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 220-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie N. Bélanger ◽  
Keith Rayner
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Deaf Readers

scholarly journals Deaf readers benefit from lexical feedback during orthographic processing

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Gutierrez-Sigut ◽  
Marta Vergara-Martínez ◽  
Manuel Perea
Keyword(s):  
Orthographic Processing ◽  
Deaf Readers

scholarly journals A Probabilistic Account of Logical Metonymy

2003 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Lapata ◽  
Alex Lascarides
Keyword(s):  
Probabilistic Model ◽  
Logical Form ◽  
Systematic Variation ◽  
Complex Theory ◽  
Easy Problem ◽  
Syntactic Cues ◽  
Large Corpus

In this article we investigate logical metonymy, that is, constructions in which the argument of a word in syntax appears to be different from that argument in logical form (e.g., enjoy the book means enjoy reading the book, and easy problem means a problem that is easy to solve). The systematic variation in the interpretation of such constructions suggests a rich and complex theory of composition on the syntax/semantics interface. Linguistic accounts of logical metonymy typically fail to describe exhaustively all the possible interpretations, or they don't rank those interpretations in terms of their likelihood. In view of this, we acquire the meanings of metonymic verbs and adjectives from a large corpus and propose a probabilistic model that provides a ranking on the set of possible interpretations. We identify the interpretations automatically by exploiting the consistent correspondences between surface syntactic cues and meaning. We evaluate our results against paraphrase judgments elicited experimentally from humans and show that the model's ranking of meanings correlates reliably with human intuitions.

Time-Course of Grammatical Processing in Deaf Readers: An Eye-Movement Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-364
Author(s):  
Nadina Gómez-Merino ◽  
Inmaculada Fajardo ◽  
Antonio Ferrer ◽  
Barbara Arfé
Keyword(s):  
Sentence Processing ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Word Reading ◽  
Incongruent Condition ◽  
Target Area ◽  
Deaf Students ◽  
Cascading Effect ◽  
Syntactic Skills ◽  
Deaf Readers ◽  
First Pass

Abstract Twenty participants who were deaf and 20 chronological age-matched participants with typical hearing (TH) (mean age: 12 years) were asked to judge the correctness of written sentences with or without a grammatically incongruent word while their eye movements were registered. TH participants outperformed deaf participants in grammaticality judgment accuracy. For both groups, First Pass and Total Fixation Times of target words in correct trials were significantly longer in the incongruent condition than in the congruent one. However, whereas TH students showed longer First Pass in the target area than deaf students across congruity conditions, deaf students made more fixations than their TH controls. Syntactic skills, vocabulary, and word reading speeds (measured with additional tests) were significantly lower in deaf students but only syntactic skills were systematically associated to the time-course of congruity processing. These results suggest that syntactic skills could have a cascading effect in sentence processing for deaf readers.

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