Conversion of slaughterhouse and poultry farm animal fats and wastes to biodiesel: Parametric sensitivity and fuel quality assessment

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 120-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajat Chakraborty ◽  
Abhishek.K. Gupta ◽  
Ratul Chowdhury
Biofuels ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Azar Khodabakhshikoulaei ◽  
Hassan Sadrnia ◽  
Mohammad Tabasizadeh ◽  
Barat Ghobadian ◽  
Vijaya Raghavan

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 727-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin J. Johnson ◽  
Robert E. Morris ◽  
Susan L. Rose-Pehrsson

Author(s):  
E. A. Burmistrov ◽  
O. M. Burmistrova ◽  
N. L. Naumova ◽  
S. A. Gorbunov

The high nutritional and dietary properties of chicken eggs, the high economic efficiency of their production have led to the rapid growth and development of commercial poultry farming throughout the world. In this regard, the purpose of the research was the veterinary-sanitary examination of edible chicken eggs sold in retail, with the basics of product quality assessment. The objects of research were food eggs of the first category of different manufacturers: “Chebarkul bird”, “Poultry farm named after the 50th anniversary of the USSR”, “Nagaybaksky poultry-farming complex”. The following indicators were studied: the quality of packaging and labeling, commercial properties, consumer characteristics, morphological features, shelf life, nutritional value, safety indicators. It was established that the quality of products from such manufacturers as “Chebarkul bird” and “Poultry farm named after the 50th anniversary of the USSR” in the veterinary and sanitary relations and in the framework of the commodity examination met the requirements of the “Rules for veterinary and sanitary examination of poultry eggs”, State Standard 31654 - 2012, Sanitary Rules and Regulations 2.3.2.1078-01, Technical Regulations of the Customs Union 021/2011 and 022/2011. Products supplied to the trading network “Nagaybaksky poultry complex” possessed the best consumer characteristics and commodity properties, but the labeling of chicken eggs of this manufacturer needs to be improved in accordance with the requirements of the State Standard 31654-2012.


2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Felizardo ◽  
Patrícia Baptista ◽  
Margarida Sousa Uva ◽  
José C. Menezes ◽  
M. Joana Neiva Correia

Biodiesel is produced mainly by a transesterification reaction which involves the reaction of vegetable oils, animal fats or waste oils with an alcohol (such as methanol) in the presence of a catalyst (such as sodium hydroxide or methoxide). Since the presence of contaminants can cause severe engine problems, the assessment of the biodiesel quality is very important. This work reports the use of near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy to determine the content of water and methanol in industrial and laboratory-scale biodiesel samples. A qualitative analysis of the spectra by principal components analysis was carried out and partial least squares regression was used to develop calibration models between spectral and analytical data. The results indicate that the use of NIR spectroscopy, in combination with multivariate calibration, is a promising technique to assess the biodiesel quality in both laboratory-scale and industrial-scale samples.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Moïse Ligan Noukpo ◽  
Claude Valery Ngayihi Abbe ◽  
Joseph Nkongho Anyi ◽  
Dieudonné Essola ◽  
Cyrille Mezoue ◽  
...  

Maintaining the quality of breathing air in urban and industrial areas is one of the biggest challenges faced by humanity in the modern era. Diesel engines, as one of the main providers of energy supply for modern equipment and transport, are also unfortunately contributing highly to the deterioration of air quality. A recent research path on the limitation of diesel engine emissions is the use of alternative fuel from vegetable or animal fats or oil called biodiesel. Although the use of biodiesel has proven its efficiency in reducing emissions, it remains a problem to maintain the engine’s efficiency when shifting to biodiesel, especially due to its injection and atomization properties; most of the recent research focused on improving biodiesel fuel quality by blending it with traditional diesel fuel, but few works can be found on the regulation or control of diesel engine process when shifting to 100% biodiesel fuel (B100). This work proposes a fuel control strategy and methodology based on diesel engine operating data obtained from an experimentally designed rate of injection model (ROI) at different injection pressures and a jet and spray droplet distribution validated a two-zone model. Results show that B100 gives a higher amount of about 8% of injected fuel, a longer jet penetration of about 20 mm higher at 100 MPa injection pressure, a wider cone angle, and about a 40% increase of coarseness of the jet distribution. The experimental and numerical-based control strategy provides interacting relationships between B100 properties and specific engine features where actions shall be made to keep the engine’s efficiency when the shift is made; meanwhile, the algorithm provides a hierarchical step-by-step correcting procedure taking into account the possible degradation that could occur from the use of B100 in diesel engines.


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