Supplemental calcium improves freezing tolerance of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) by mitigating membrane and photosynthetic damage, and bolstering anti-oxidant and cell-wall status

2021 ◽  
Vol 288 ◽  
pp. 110212
Author(s):  
Kyungwon Min ◽  
Bing Liu ◽  
Sang-Ryong Lee ◽  
Rajeev Arora
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Freezing Tolerance ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea L ◽  
Supplemental Calcium ◽  
Anti Oxidant

scholarly journals Phenolic components of the primary cell wall. Feruloylated disaccharides of d-galactose and l-arabinose from spinach polysaccharide

1982 ◽  
Vol 203 (2) ◽  
pp. 493-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
S C Fry
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Cell Suspension Cultures ◽  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
Primary Cell Wall ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea L ◽  
Growing Cell ◽  
Phenolic Components ◽  
Acetic Acid Water

1. Cell walls from rapidly growing cell suspension cultures of Spinacia oleracea L. contained ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid esterified with a water-insoluble polymer. 2. Prolonged treatment with trypsin did not release may feruloyl esters from dearabinofuranosylated cell walls, and the polymer was also insoluble in phenol/acetic acid/water (2:1:1, w/v/v). 3. Treatment of the cell walls with the fungal hydrolase preparation ‘Driselase’ did liberate low-Mr feruloyl esters. The major esters were 4-O-(6-O-feruloyl-beta-D-galactopyranosyl)-D-galactose and 3?-O-feruloyl-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl)-L-arabinose. These two esters accounted for about 60% of the cell-wall ferulate. 4. It is concluded that the feruloylation of cell-wall polymers is not a random process, but occurs at very specific sites, probably on the arabinogalactan component of pectin. 5. The possible role of such phenolic substituents in cell-wall architecture and growth is discussed.

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