Biochar altered native soil organic carbon by changing soil aggregate size distribution and native SOC in aggregates based on an 8-year field experiment

2020 ◽  
Vol 708 ◽  
pp. 134829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhencai Sun ◽  
Zhengcheng Zhang ◽  
Kun Zhu ◽  
Zhimin Wang ◽  
Xiaorong Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Soil Aggregate ◽  
Aggregate Size Distribution ◽  
Native Soil

scholarly journals Soil aggregate size distribution and total organic carbon in intra-aggregate fractions as affected by addition of biochar and organic amendments

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
George O. Odugbenro ◽  
Zhihua Liu ◽  
Yankun Sun
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Soil Aggregate ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Aggregate Size Distribution

<p>A two-year field trial on maize (<em>Zea mays</em> L.) production was established to determine the influence of biochar, maize straw, and poultry manure on soil aggregate stability, aggregate size distribution, total organic carbon (TOC), and soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC). Seven treatments with four replications, namely CK, control; S, 12.5 Mg ha-1 straw; B1, 12.5 Mg ha-1 biochar; B2, 25 Mg ha-1 biochar; SB1, straw + 12.5 Mg ha-1 biochar; SB2, straw + 25 Mg ha-1 biochar; and M, 25 Mg ha-1 manure were tested at four soil depths (0–10, 10–20, 20–30, and 30–40 cm). Aggregates were grouped into large macro-aggregates (5–2 mm), small macro-aggregates (2–0.25 mm), micro-aggregates (0.25–0.053 mm) and silt + clay <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">(&lt;0.053 mm). Biochar, straw,<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> and manure applications all had significant effects (<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>p </em><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">&lt; 0.05) on aggregate stability, with B<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 5pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">2 <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">at<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> 20 cm soil depth showing the greatest increase (62.1%). SB<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 5pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">1 <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">of small macro-aggregate fraction<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> showed the highest aggregate proportion (50.59% ± 10.48) at the 20–30 cm soil depth. The highest TOC was observed in SB<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 5pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">2  <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">(40.9 g kg<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 5pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">-1<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">) of large macro-aggregate at 10–20 cm soil depth. Treatment effects on soil MBC was high, with B<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 5pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">1 <span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">showing the greatest value (600.0 µg g<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 5pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">-1<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">) at the 20–30<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> cm soil depth. Our results showed that application of biochar, straw, and manure to soil increased<span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"> aggregate stability, TOC as well as MBC.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" /></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>

Aggregate size distribution and stability of an oxisol under legume-based and pure grass pastures in the eastern Colombian savannas

Soil Research ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 153 ◽  
Author(s):  
AJ Gijsman ◽  
RJ Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Soil Aggregate ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Aggregate Size Distribution ◽  
Carbohydrate Concentration ◽  
Stability Measurement ◽  
Water Extractable

This study evaluated soil aggregate size distribution and stability of an Oxisol under improved grass-only or grass-legume pastures, established in previously native savanna. Three grass-legume combinations were included at various stocking rates. In all treatments and soil layers, soils were well aggregated, having more than 90% of their weight in macroaggregates (>250 �m). The addition of legumes to pastures did not affect the soil aggregate size distribution, although aggregates showed somewhat more stability against slaking. An increase in stocking rate negatively affected both average aggregate size and aggregate stability. Aggregates showed little or no dispersion of clay particles in any treatment. A positive correlation was found between wet aggregate stability and hot-water extractable carbohydrate concentration, supporting the hypothesis that these carbohydrates equate with plant-derived or microbial polysaccharides which glue soil aggregates together. It is suggested that determination of hot-water extractable carbohydrates may serve as a useful indicator of small differences in aggregate stability, even when these differences are not evident in the stability measurement itself.

A model for characterizing dry soil aggregate size distribution

CATENA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 198 ◽  
pp. 105018
Author(s):  
Zhongling Guo ◽  
Chunping Chang ◽  
Xueyong Zou ◽  
Rende Wang ◽  
Jifeng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Soil Aggregate ◽  
Aggregate Size Distribution ◽  
Dry Soil

scholarly journals Lithology and climate controlled soil aggregate size distribution and organic carbon stability in the Peruvian Andes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Songyu Yang ◽  
Boris Jansen ◽  
Samira Absalah ◽  
Rutger L. van Hall ◽  
Karsten Kalbitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Soil Aggregate ◽  
Soil Aggregation ◽  
Soil Mineralogy ◽  
Aggregate Size Distribution ◽  
Soc Stocks ◽  
Soc Mineralization

Abstract. Recent studies indicate that climate change influences soil mineralogy by altering weathering processes, and thus impacts soil aggregation and organic carbon (SOC) stability. Alpine ecosystems of the Neotropical Andes are characterized by high SOC stocks, which are important to sustain ecosystem services. However, climate change in the form of altered precipitation patterns can potentially affect soil aggregation and SOC stability with potentially significant effects on the soil’s ecosystem services. This study aimed to investigate the effects of precipitation and lithology on soil aggregation and SOC stability in the Peruvian Andean grasslands, and assessed whether occlusion of organic matter (OM) in aggregates controls SOC stability. For this, samples were collected from limestone soils (LSs) and acid igneous rock soils (ASs) from two sites with contrasting precipitation levels. We used a dry-sieving method to quantify aggregate size distribution, and applied a 76-day soil incubation with intact and crushed aggregates to investigate SOC stability in dependence on aggregation. SOC stocks ranged from 153±27 to 405 ± 42 Mg ha−1, and the highest stocks were found in the LSs of the wet site. We found lithology rather than precipitation to be the key factor regulating soil aggregate size distribution, as indicated by coarse aggregates in the LSs and fine aggregates in the ASs. SOC stability estimated by specific SOC mineralization rates decreased with precipitation in the LSs, but minor differences were found between wet and dry sites in the ASs. Aggregate destruction had a limited effect on SOC mineralization, which indicates that occlusion of OM in aggregates played a minor role in OM stabilization. This was further supported by inconsistent patterns of aggregate size distribution compared to the patterns of SOC stability. We propose that OM adsorption on mineral surfaces is the major OM stabilization mechanism controlling SOC stocks and stability. The results highlight the interactions between precipitation and lithology on SOC stability, which are likely controlled by soil mineralogy in relation to OM input.

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