Controls on subsurface nitrate and dissolved reactive phosphorus losses from agricultural fields during precipitation-driven events

Abstract. Diffuse phosphorus (P) losses are the main cause for eutrophication of surface waters in many regions. Implementing mitigation measures on critical source areas (CSAs) is seen to be the most effective way to reduce P losses. Thus, tools are needed that delineate CSAs on the basis of available data. We compared three models based on different approaches and sets of input data: the rainfall-runoff-phosphorus (RRP) model, the dominant runoff processes (DoRP) model, and the Sensitive Catchment Integrated Modeling Analysis Platform (SCIMAP). The RRP model is a parsimonious dynamic model using the topographic index and a binary soil classification to simulate discharge and P losses. The DoRP model distinguishes eight soil classes based on soil and geological maps. It does not account for topography when calculating runoff. SCIMAP assesses runoff risks solely on the basis of topography using the network index. Compared to surface runoff and soil moisture data available from a catchment in Switzerland, the RRP model and SCIMAP made better predictions than the DoRP model, suggesting that in our study area topography was more important for CSA delineation than soil data. Based on the results, we suggest improvements of SCIMAP to enable average risk predictions and the comparison of risk predictions between catchments.

Download Full-text

Impact factors and mechanisms of dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP) losses from agricultural fields: A review and synthesis study in the Lake Erie basin

The Science of The Total Environment ◽

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136624 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 714 ◽

pp. 136624 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xiaojing Ni ◽

Yongping Yuan ◽

Wenlong Liu

Keyword(s):

Lake Erie ◽

Impact Factors ◽

Agricultural Fields ◽

Dissolved Reactive Phosphorus ◽

Reactive Phosphorus

Download Full-text

A comparison of three simple approaches to identify critical areas for runoff and dissolved reactive phosphorus losses

Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions ◽

10.5194/hessd-10-14495-2013 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 14495-14534

Author(s):

C. Hahn ◽

V. Prasuhn ◽

C. Stamm ◽

D. G. Milledge ◽

R. Schulin

Keyword(s):

Surface Waters ◽

Soil Classification ◽

Mitigation Measures ◽

Rainfall Runoff ◽

Critical Areas ◽

Modeling Analysis ◽

Dissolved Reactive Phosphorus ◽

Reactive Phosphorus ◽

Analysis Platform ◽

Phosphorus Losses

Abstract. Diffuse phosphorus (P) losses are the main cause for eutrophication of surface waters in many regions. Implementing mitigation measures on critical source areas (CSA) is seen to be the most effective way to reduce P-losses. Thus, tools are needed that delineate CSA on the basis of available data. We compared three models based on different approaches and sets of input data: the Rainfall Runoff Phosphorus (RRP) model, the Dominant Runoff Processes (DoRP) model, and the Sensitive Catchment Integrated Modeling Analysis Platform (SCIMAP). The RRP model is a parsimonious dynamic model using the topographic index and a binary soil classification to simulate discharge and P-losses. The DoRP model distinguishes 8 soil classes based on soil and geological maps. It does not account for topography when calculating runoff. SCIMAP assesses runoff risks solely on the basis of topography using the network index. Compared to surface runoff and soil moisture data available from a catchment in Switzerland, the RRP model and SCIMAP made better predictions than the DoRP model, suggesting that in our study area topography was more important for CSA delineation than soil data. The study demonstrates that simple models using readily available data provide very useful information for CSA delineation.

Download Full-text

High-Resolution Profiles of Dissolved Reactive Phosphorus in the Porewaters of Lake Sediments Assessed by DGT Technique

Journal of Environmental Protection ◽

10.4236/jep.2014.58070 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 05 (08) ◽

pp. 694-702

Author(s):

Jian Wang ◽

Jingtian Zhang ◽

Qiong Xie ◽

Fengyu Zan ◽

Shengpeng Zuo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Resolution ◽

Lake Sediments ◽

Dissolved Reactive Phosphorus ◽

Reactive Phosphorus

Download Full-text

Poultry Litter Ash Rate and Placement Affect Phosphorus Dissolution in a Horticultural Substrate1

Journal of Environmental Horticulture ◽

10.24266/0738-2898-35.3.117 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 117-127

Author(s):

Daniel E. Wells ◽

Jeffrey S. Beasley ◽

Edward W. Bush ◽

Lewis. A. Gaston

Keyword(s):

Crop Production ◽

Poultry Litter ◽

Lantana Camara ◽

Shoot Biomass ◽

Horticultural Crops ◽

P Loss ◽

P Rate ◽

Dissolved Reactive Phosphorus ◽

Reactive Phosphorus ◽

Poultry Litter Ash

Abstract Poultry litter ash (PLA) is a byproduct of bioenergy production and an effective P source for horticultural crops since it reduces P losses from container production due to its low P solubility. Experiments were conducted to determine effects of rate and placement of PLA on P loss from greenhouse crop production and growth and quality of two commonly-grown greenhouse crops, Verbena canadensis Britton ‘Homestead Purple' and Lantana camara L. ‘New Gold', by comparing two rates (140 and 280 g·m−3 P or 0.4 and 0.8 lb·yd−3) and two application methods (post-plant topdressed and pre-plant incorporated). Leachate-dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP) concentrations were reduced by an average of 24% as P rate was reduced from 280 to 140 g·m−3, but were 134% less on average when PLA was topdressed instead of incorporated. Foliar P concentrations were less 33% and 44% for verbena and lantana, respectively when plants were topdressed compared to incorporated. Shoot biomass of verbena and lantana was 9% and 24% greater, respectively, when incorporating instead of topdressing PLA. As a P source, PLA should be pre-plant incorporated within the substrate at a total P rate between 140 g·m−3 (0.4 lb·yd−3) and 280 g·m−3 (0.8 lb·yd−3). Index words: phosphorus, poultry litter ash, Verbena canadensis Britton ‘Homestead Purple', Lantana camara L. ‘New Gold', dissolved reactive phosphorus. Species used in this study: ‘Homestead Purple' verbena (Verbena canadensis Britton); ‘New Gold' lantana (Lantana camara L.).

Download Full-text

Impacts of Tile Drainage on Phosphorus Losses from Edge-of-Field Plots in the Lake Champlain Basin of New York

Water ◽

10.3390/w12020328 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 328 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Laura B. Klaiber ◽

Stephen R. Kramer ◽

Eric O. Young

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

Surface Runoff ◽

Soluble Reactive Phosphorus ◽

Tile Drainage ◽

Total Runoff ◽

Tile Drains ◽

Reactive Phosphorus ◽

Phosphorus Losses ◽

Field Plots ◽

Reduced Surface

Quantifying the influence of tile drainage on phosphorus (P) transport risk is important where eutrophication is a concern. The objective of this study was to compare P exports from tile-drained (TD) and undrained (UD) edge-of-field plots in northern New York. Four plots (46 by 23 m) were established with tile drainage and surface runoff collection during 2012–2013. Grass sod was terminated in fall 2013 and corn (Zea mays L.) for silage was grown in 2014 and 2015. Runoff, total phosphorus (TP), soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), and total suspended solids (TSS) exports were measured from April 2014 through June 2015. Mean total runoff was 396% greater for TD, however, surface runoff for TD was reduced by 84% compared to UD. There was no difference in mean cumulative TP export, while SRP and TSS exports were 55% and 158% greater for UD, respectively. A three day rain/snowmelt event resulted in 61% and 84% of cumulative SRP exports for TD and UD, respectively, with over 100% greater TP, SRP and TSS exports for UD. Results indicate that tile drainage substantially reduced surface runoff, TSS and SRP exports while having no impact on TP exports, suggesting tile drains may not increase the overall P export risk.

Download Full-text