Subjective indoor air quality and thermal comfort among adults in relation to inspected and measured indoor environment factors in single-family houses in Sweden-the BETSI study

The objective of this work is to investigate the indoor environment in bedrooms ventilated by window opening during night-time. How window opening behaviour affects indoor air quality (IAQ), and how window opening behaviour and IAQ is influenced by external factors, are important questions. The context is renovation of detached wooden houses in Norway. To motivate building owners to renovate their ventilation system, it is important to know the typical indoor environment in bedrooms of existing buildings with natural ventilation. Ten bedrooms in six case houses were investigated by measuring temperature, relative humidity, CO2, particulate matter, formaldehyde and TVOC. The window opening angle was also logged with an accelerometer. The measurements were conducted over 2 to 3 weeks, during March and April. The dwellings were renovated single-family and terraced houses from 1950 – 80, in Trondheim. All the bedrooms had natural ventilation, and the occupants stated they used to open bedroom windows at night. Participants answered a questionnaire about motivations and habits regarding window opening. The most common reason given for not opening was low outdoor temperatures. The window opening behaviour was both predictable and continuous. Windows were open every night in most of the bedrooms, and most of the windows were opened to the same position every night. High CO2 levels during night were found in two bedrooms. In the other bedrooms, the CO2 concentration was satisfying during night-time, although higher concentrations were found in some bedrooms during daytime. Finally, indoor temperature measurements confirmed that many occupants prefer a low bedroom temperature.

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Post occupancy evaluation of thermal comfort and indoor air quality of office spaces in a tropical green campus building

Journal of Facilities Management ◽

10.1108/jfm-12-2020-0092 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Nurul Hayati Yong ◽

Qi Jie Kwong ◽

Kok Seng Ong ◽

Dejan Mumovic

Keyword(s):

Air Quality ◽

Thermal Comfort ◽

Indoor Air Quality ◽

Indoor Air ◽

Indoor Environment ◽

Thermal Environment ◽

Content Type ◽

Post Occupancy Evaluation ◽

Green Campus ◽

Campus Building

Purpose As suggested in many previous studies, good thermal comfort and indoor air quality (IAQ) played a significant role in ensuring human comfort, health and productivity in buildings. Hence, this study aims to evaluate the thermal comfort and IAQ conditions of open-plan office areas within a green-certified campus building through a post occupancy evaluation. Design/methodology/approach Using the field measurement method, environmental dataloggers were positioned at three office areas during office hours to measure the levels of thermal comfort parameters, CO2 concentrations and the supply air rates. At the same time, questionnaires were distributed to the available office staff to obtain their perception of the indoor environment. The findings were then compared with the recommended environmental comfort ranges and used to calculate the thermal comfort indices. Findings Results show that the physical parameters were generally within acceptable ranges of a local guideline. The neutral temperature based on the actual mean vote at these areas was 23.9°C, which is slightly lower than the predicted thermal neutrality of 25.2°C. From the surveyed findings, about 81% of the occupants found their thermal environment comfortable with high adaptation rates. A preference for cooler environments was found among the workers. Meanwhile, the air quality was perceived to be clean by a majority of the respondents, and the mean ventilation rate per person was identified to be sufficient. Research limitations/implications This study focussed on the thermal environment and air quality at selected office spaces only. More work should be carried out in other regularly occupied workplaces and study areas of the green educational building to allow a more thorough analysis of the indoor air conditions. Practical implications This paper highlights on the thermal comfort and air quality conditions of the air-conditioned office spaces in a green-certified campus building and is intended to assist the building services engineers in effective air conditioning control. The findings reported are useful for thermal comfort, IAQ and subsequently energy efficiency improvements in such building type where adjustments on the air temperature set-point can be considered according to the actual requirements. This study will be extended to other green campus spaces for a more exhaustive analysis of the indoor environment. Originality/value There is limited information pertaining to the environmental comfort levels in offices of green campus in the tropics. This study is, therefore, one of the earliest attempts to directly explore the thermal comfort and IAQ conditions in such workplace using both on-site physical measurement and questionnaire survey.

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Investigation of indoor air quality and thermal comfort condition in airport terminal buildings

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology ◽

10.1108/aeat-06-2020-0118 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Mehmet Kadri Akyüz ◽

Hasim Kafali ◽

Onder Altuntas

Keyword(s):

Air Quality ◽

Relative Humidity ◽

Thermal Comfort ◽

Indoor Air Quality ◽

Indoor Air ◽

Indoor Environment ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Content Type ◽

Airport Terminal ◽

Airport Terminals

Purpose This paper aims to measure the thermal comfort conditions and indoor air quality parameters, through on-site measurements taken in the areas mostly occupied by the passengers and airport staff. Terminal buildings consist of areas with various functions. Heating, ventilation and air conditioning requirements vary from area to area, thus leading to challenges in the management of indoor environment quality. Therefore, the study focuses on investigating the indoor environment conditions in various areas of the terminal buildings. Design/methodology/approach In this study, the thermal comfort and indoor air quality were evaluated based on the parameters [CO2 concentration, relative humidity, temperature, predicted mean vote (PMV) and predicted percentage of dissatisfied (PPD)] collected for summer 2019 from different zones inside the International Dalaman Airport terminal building located in the southwest of Turkey. The measurements were performed in the areas mostly occupied by the airport staff and passengers (check-in area, security control areas, international departure lounge, domestic departure lounge and baggage claim hall). Findings As a result of the study, it was observed that the CO2 concentration was 480–965 ppm, the relative humidity was 51.9–75.8% and the temperature was in the range of 23.9°C–28.3°C inside the airport terminal. The PMV values were determined to be in the range of −0.23 to 0.67, and the PPD values 5–15%, which are used to measure the thermal comfort conditions. Originality/value There has been limited study on the determination of the indoor air quality in airport terminals and the investigation of the thermal comfort conditions. However, in this study, indoor air quality and thermal comfort conditions were determined by on-site measurements in the five mostly occupied areas by passengers and employees in the terminal building.

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Literature Surveys on Benchmarking and Rating of Buildings

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.3520 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 71-78 ◽

pp. 3520-3523

Author(s):

Xue Bin Yang ◽

De Fa Sun ◽

Xiang Jiang Zhou ◽

Ji Chun Yang

Keyword(s):

Air Quality ◽

Thermal Comfort ◽

Indoor Air Quality ◽

Indoor Air ◽

Indoor Environment ◽

Energy Performance ◽

Environment Quality ◽

Indoor Environment Quality ◽

Occupant Satisfaction ◽

Comfort Criteria

This study reviews some published literatures on the benchmarking and ranking guidelines, tools and comparison of buildings. Energy performance, Indoor air quality and thermal comfort can be covered for the rating tools for buildings. Further, the energy performance can also be calculated by the other parameters related to the room thermal properties. A rating system to benchmark buildings can employ several parameters including indoor environment quality, clothing volume, predicted mean vote, operative temperature, and thermal energy consumption. It can be concluded that the indoor air quality or thermal comfort can be used to evaluate buildings due to their influence on the occupant satisfaction and job performance. Also, building benchmarking or rating will be various because Different comfort criteria may lead to different comfort temperature.

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190. Permeability of Single-Family Dwellings: Implications for Indoor Air Quality

10.3320/1.2765709 ◽

2001 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Phillips ◽

N. Esmen ◽

D. Johnson ◽

T. Hall ◽

R. Lynch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Air Quality ◽

Indoor Air Quality ◽

Indoor Air ◽

Single Family

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Improving indoor air quality and thermal comfort in office building by using combination filters

IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering ◽

10.1088/1757-899x/243/1/012052 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 243 ◽

pp. 012052 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

H Kabrein ◽

M Z M Yusof ◽

A Hariri ◽

A M Leman ◽

A Afandi

Keyword(s):

Air Quality ◽

Thermal Comfort ◽

Indoor Air Quality ◽

Indoor Air ◽

Office Building

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Computational Modeling of Particulate Pollutant Transport in a Ventilated Room in the Presence of Two Heated Breathing and Rotating Manikins

Volume 1C, Symposia: Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Flows; Gas and Liquid-Solid Two-Phase Flows; Numerical Methods for Multiphase Flow; Turbulent Flows: Issues and Perspectives; Flow Applications in Aerospace; Fluid Power; Bio-Inspired Fluid Mechanics; Flow Manipulation and Active Control; Fundamental Issues and Perspectives in Fluid Mechanics; Transport Phenomena in Energy Conversion From Clean and Sustainable Resources; Transport Phenomena in Materials Processing and Manufacturing Processes ◽

10.1115/fedsm2017-69102 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Seyed Ali Keshavarz ◽

Mazyar Salmanzadeh ◽

Goodarz Ahmadi

Keyword(s):

Air Quality ◽

Computational Modeling ◽

Indoor Air Quality ◽

Indoor Air ◽

Rotational Motion ◽

Indoor Environment ◽

Ventilation System ◽

Thermal Plume ◽

Displacement Ventilation ◽

Simulation Results

Recently, attention has been given to indoor air quality due to its serious health concerns. Clearly the dispersion of pollutant is directly affected by the airflow patterns. The airflow in indoor environment is the results of a combination of several factors. In the present study, the effects of thermal plume and respiration on the indoor air quality in a ventilated cubicle were investigated using an unsteady computational modeling approach. The person-to-person contaminant transports in a ventilated room with mixing and displacement ventilation systems were studied. The effects of rotational motion of the heated manikins were also analyzed. Simulation results showed that in the cases which rotational motion was included, the human thermal plume and associated particle transport were significantly distorted. The distortion was more noticeable for the displacement ventilation system. Also it was found that the displacement ventilation system lowered the risk of person-to-person transmission in an office space in comparison with the mixing ventilation system. On the other hand the mixing system was shown to be more effective compared to the displacement ventilation in removing the particles and pollutant that entered the room through the inlet air diffuser.

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The Potential of Natural Ventilation in Single-Sided Ventilated Apartment to Improve Indoor Thermal Comfort and Air Quality

ASME 2011 5th International Conference on Energy Sustainability, Parts A, B, and C ◽

10.1115/es2011-54129 ◽

2011 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. F. Mohamed ◽

M. Behnia ◽

S. King ◽

D. Prasad

Keyword(s):

Air Quality ◽

Thermal Comfort ◽

Indoor Air Quality ◽

Indoor Air ◽

Natural Ventilation ◽

Architectural Element ◽

Flat Design ◽

Effective Ventilation ◽

Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽

Ventilation Performance

Cross ventilation is a more effective ventilation strategy in comparison to single-sided ventilation. In the NSW Residential Flat Design Code1 (RFDC) the majority of apartments are required to adopt cross ventilation. However, in the case of studio and one-bedroom apartments, it is acknowledged that single-sided ventilation may prevail. Deep plan studio and one-bedroom apartments may achieve lower amenity of summer thermal comfort and indoor air quality where mechanical ventilation is not provided by air conditioning. Since compliance with the code may allow up to 40% of apartments in a development in Sydney to be single sided, it is important to understand the natural ventilation performance of such apartments. The objective of this paper is to investigate the natural ventilation potential in single-sided ventilated apartments to improve indoor air quality and thermal comfort. This investigation includes simulating various facade treatments involving multiple opening and balcony configurations. Balcony configurations are included in this study because, in Sydney, a balcony is a compulsory architectural element in any apartment building. The study uses computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software to simulate and predict the ventilation performance of each apartment configuration. This study suggests that properly configured balconies and openings can significantly improve indoor ventilation performance for enhanced indoor air quality and thermal comfort, by optimizing the available prevailing wind. However, it is important to note that inappropriately designed fac¸ade treatments also could diminish natural ventilation performance.

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