Screening for genetic variations associated with circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. e226 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Mishima ◽  
A. Hida
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Genetic Variations ◽  
Sleep Wake Disorders

scholarly journals The Emerging Circadian Phenotype of Borderline Personality Disorder: Mechanisms, Opportunities and Future Directions

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niall M. McGowan ◽  
Kate E. A. Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Sleep Wake Disorders ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Substantial Clinical Benefit ◽  
Biological Target

Abstract Purpose of Review We review the recent evidence suggesting that circadian rhythm disturbance is a common unaddressed feature of borderline personality disorder (BPD); amelioration of which may confer substantial clinical benefit. We assess chronobiological BPD studies from a mechanistic and translational perspective and highlight opportunities for the future development of this hypothesis. Recent Findings The emerging circadian phenotype of BPD is characterised by a preponderance of comorbid circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders, phase delayed and misaligned rest-activity patterns and attenuated amplitudes of usually well-characterised circadian rhythms. Such disturbances may exacerbate symptom severity, and specific maladaptive personality dimensions may produce a liability towards extremes in chronotype. Pilot studies suggest intervention may be beneficial, but development is limited. Summary Endogenous and exogenous circadian rhythm disturbances appear to be common in BPD. The interface between psychiatry and chronobiology has led previously to novel efficacious strategies for the treatment of psychiatric disorders. We believe that better characterisation of the circadian phenotype in BPD will lead to a directed biological target for treatment in a condition where there is a regrettable paucity of accessible therapies.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders and Associated Factors in Euthymic Patients with Bipolar Disorder

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e0159578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshikazu Takaesu ◽  
Yuichi Inoue ◽  
Akiko Murakoshi ◽  
Yoko Komada ◽  
Ayano Otsuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Sleep Wake Disorders

Management of insomnia and circadian rhythm sleep–wake disorders

2020 ◽  
pp. 1167-1178
Author(s):  
Simon D. Kyle ◽  
Alasdair L. Henry ◽  
Colin A. Espie
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Sleep Wake Disorders ◽  
Insomnia Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Melatonin Administration ◽  
Evidence Based Treatments ◽  
Rhythm Disorder ◽  
Delayed Sleep ◽  
Behavioural Therapies

Insomnia disorder and circadian rhythm sleep–wake disorders (CRSWDs) are prevalent and impairing sleep disorders and often co-present with psychiatric disorder. Insomnia is characterized by difficulty with initiation and/or maintenance of sleep, driven primarily by cognitive behavioural processes. CRSWDs manifest because of alterations to the endogenous circadian clock (intrinsic) or as a consequence of environmental circumstances (extrinsic). This chapter reviews evidence-based treatments for the management of insomnia and intrinsic CRSWDs (delayed sleep–wake phase disorder, advanced sleep–wake phase disorder, non-24-hour sleep–wake disorder, irregular sleep–wake rhythm disorder). The chapter covers cognitive behavioural therapies, sleep-promoting hypnotics, phototherapy, and exogenous melatonin administration. The chapter also highlight gaps in the existing clinical science and reflects on emergent therapeutic approaches.

scholarly journals Are Circadian Disturbances a Core Pathophysiological Component of Schizophrenia?

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-339
Author(s):  
Tara C. Delorme ◽  
Lalit K. Srivastava ◽  
Nicolas Cermakian
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Genetic Variations ◽  
Human Studies ◽  
Genetic Mutations ◽  
Fundamental Component

Schizophrenia is a multifactorial disorder caused by a combination of genetic variations and exposure to environmental insults. Sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances are a prominent and ubiquitous feature of many psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia. There is growing interest in uncovering the mechanistic link between schizophrenia and circadian rhythms, which may directly affect disorder outcomes. In this review, we explore the interaction between schizophrenia and circadian rhythms from 2 complementary angles. First, we review evidence that sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances constitute a fundamental component of schizophrenia, as supported by both human studies and animal models with genetic mutations related to schizophrenia. Second, we discuss the idea that circadian rhythm disruption interacts with existing risk factors for schizophrenia to promote schizophrenia-relevant behavioral and neurobiological abnormalities. Understanding the mechanistic link between schizophrenia and circadian rhythms will have implications for mitigating risk to the disorder and informing the development of circadian-based therapies.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document