Flock dynamics, body condition and weight variation in sheep in two ecologically different resource-poor communal farming systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 104 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 45-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Mapiliyao ◽  
D. Pepe ◽  
U. Marume ◽  
V. Muchenje
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Resource Poor ◽  
Flock Dynamics ◽  
Communal Farming

scholarly journals Haemonchus spp. in sheep farmed under resource-poor conditions in South Africa - effect on haematocrit, conjunctival mucous membrane colour and body condition

2002 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.F. Vatta ◽  
R.C. Krecek ◽  
M.J. Van der Linde ◽  
P.W. Motswatswe ◽  
R.J. Grimbeek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Gauteng Province ◽  
North West ◽  
Resource Poor ◽  
Faecal Egg Counts ◽  
Worm Control ◽  
Body Condition Scores

A longitudinal study was conducted on the differential faecal egg counts, haematocrits and body condition scores of sheep belonging to resource-poor farmers at Rust de Winter, Gauteng province, and Kraaipan, North West Province, South Africa. The animals were scored for level of anaemia using the FAMACHA(c) method, an assay for the clinical evaluation of anaemia caused by Haemonchus spp. Periods of higher Haemonchus egg counts occurred from October to March for sheep at Rust de Winter and from September/October to February or April for sheep at Kraaipan. Lower haematocrit values were registered during these periods as was a higher incidence of anaemic conjunctival mucous membrane colour scores compared to the period April to September. No clear relationship between the faecal egg counts and the body condition scores was evident. Although wider application of the FAMACHA(c) system in sheep raised by resource-poor farmers should be investigated, the present study indicates that this method may certainly prove to be a valuable worm control strategy for such livestock owners.

A survey analysis of indigenous goat production in communal farming systems of Botswana

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 1265-1271 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. I. Monau ◽  
C. Visser ◽  
S. J. Nsoso ◽  
E. Van Marle-Köster
Keyword(s):  
Farming Systems ◽  
Survey Analysis ◽  
Indigenous Goat ◽  
Communal Farming

scholarly journals Managing anthelmintic resistance in small ruminant livestock of resource-poor farmers in South Africa : review article

2006 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.F. Vatta ◽  
A.L.E. Lindberg
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Anthelmintic Resistance ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Nutrient Supplementation ◽  
Farming Communities ◽  
Blood Sucking ◽  
Resource Poor ◽  
Important Challenge ◽  
Important Disease

Gastrointestinal parasitism is one of the most important disease complexes of sheep and goats impacting on the resource-poor livestock farmer. Of the responsible nematodes, Haemonchus contortus, a blood-sucking worm of the abomasum, poses possibly the greatest threat. Over the past several decades, the worm has been controlled through the use of anthelmintics, but the emergence of anthelmintic resistance has threatened this chemotherapeutic approach. In Africa, the overall prevalence of anthelmintic resistance has not been extensively investigated, particularly within the resource-poor farming sector, but resistance has been reported from at least 14 countries with most of the reports emanating from Kenya and South Africa and the majority concerning H. contortus. While levels of resistance under commercial sheep farming systems in South Africa is considered to be amongst the worst in the world, resistance has also been reported from the resource-poor farming sector. Increases in productivity and reproduction of livestock and the development of markets for sale of animals are seen by international funding bodies as a way out of poverty for communities that keep livestock. This must lead to the greater need for parasite control. At such times, the risk of levels of anthelmintic resistance escalating is much greater and there is therefore a need to look at alternatives to their use. Proposed strategies include the appropriate, but judicious use of anthelmintics by application of the FAMACHA(c) system and the use of alternatives to anthelmintics such as strategic nutrient supplementation. It is also very clear that there is a strong demand for knowledge about animal diseases, including helminthosis, and their effective management in the resource-poor livestock farming communities. This is an important challenge to meet.

Productive performance, body condition score and carcass characteristics of Deccani lambs reared under different farming systems

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Kochewad ◽  
T. Raghunandan ◽  
K. Sarjan Rao ◽  
N. Nalini Kumari ◽  
D.B. V. Ramana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Grazing Land ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Optimum Productivity

The present study was carried out to assess the effect of different farming systems on productive performance, body condition score and carcass characteristics of Deccani lambs. Thirty-six weaned lambs having 3 months of age were divided into three groups with twelve lambs in each group in under intensive (T1), semi-intensive (T2) and extensive (T3) farming systems. The comparative mean dry matter intake (kg/day) and (kg/100kg BW) was significantly (p less than 0.05) higher in T1 group when compared to other groups. T2 group had significantly (p less than 0.05) higher DM intake (kg/day) than T3 group. The mean values of Average daily gains in Deccani lambs were significantly (p less than 0.05) higher in T1 group compared to T2 and T3 groups. The feed efficiency was significantly (p less than 0.05) higher in T1 compared to T2, T3 groups. Statistically significant difference was found in BCS at six months of age (p less than 0.05) between T1 and T3 groups. BCS at 9, 12 months and overall BCS, there was a significant (p less than 0.05) difference between T1 and T3 groups. T1 group had higher pre-slaughter weight, hot carcass weight, meat %, fat% and meat: bone ratio thanT2 and T3. The dressing yields were comparable. The weights of other offals (heart, kidney, spleen, testicles, blood, head and lung and trachea) were comparable. The findings of this study indicated that the intensive and semi-intensive system of rearing could be useful for mutton production. In extensive system, which is predominant in India should change its facet by enriching the grazing land resources as well by the supplementation of required plane of nutrition during growth and special life stages viz., gestation, puberty, post lambing and finisher stages for achieving optimum productivity.

scholarly journals Use of polycross technique in the development of sweetpotato hybrid lines for resource-poor farming systems

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
SO Afuape ◽  
PI Okocha ◽  
EC Nwauzor ◽  
EC Nwachukwu ◽  
ND Njoku
Keyword(s):  
Farming Systems ◽  
Resource Poor ◽  
Hybrid Lines

Short- and long-term demographic changes in house mouse populations after control in dryland farming systems in Australia

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter R. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Poor Survival ◽  
Live Trapping ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Fast Acting ◽  
Demographic Responses

In Australia, outbreaks of house mice (Mus domesticus) cause significant damage to agricultural crops. Rodenticides are used to reduce damage to crops, but the demographic consequences of applying rodenticides are poorly understood. Furthermore, it is not known whether the reduction induced by rodenticides would be similar to that of a natural crash in abundance at the end of mouse outbreaks. I compared the demographic responses of populations of mice to broad-scale field application of fast-acting, acute rodenticides (strychnine and zinc phosphide) in three grain-growing regions of Australia on baited and unbaited sites through live-trapping of mouse populations before baiting and up to four months after baiting. The reductions in population density in each region immediately after baiting were <40%, 92% and 98%. There were few consistent changes in demographic responses across the three regions for bodyweight (no change, increased or decreased), proportion of juveniles (increased or decreased), sex ratio (no change or bias towards females), survival (no change or decreased) and relative body condition (no change or increased). The differences in demographic responses appeared to be related to differences in the efficacy of the rodenticide. A natural crash in densities occurred over a 2–4-week period after baiting and induced a >85% decline in population densities across all regions on baited and unbaited sites. The natural crash caused increases and decreases in bodyweights, a reduction in the proportion of juveniles, male bias, poor survival and poor relative body condition. Poor survival was the only demographic parameter that was consistent for baiting and the natural crash. Five of seven demographic responses for mice during the natural crash were similar to those found in the literature for the decline phase of cyclic vole and lemming populations in the Northern Hemisphere. These results raise the question of whether mouse populations should be baited if a natural crash would occur anyway, but the timing of the natural crash is always uncertain and rodenticides are inexpensive.

scholarly journals Discrimination study between the carcass and non-carcass components for interaction between gender, age, and production system in indigenous sheep

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (6supl2) ◽  
pp. 3931-3946
Author(s):  
Poliana Campos Burin ◽  
◽  
Jessica de Oliveira Monteschio ◽  
Ariadne Patrícia Leonardo ◽  
Marcio Rodrigues de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
The Body ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Tissue Composition ◽  
Indigenous Sheep ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Ad Libitum

The objective of this work was to evaluate the yields, morphometric measures, carcass, and non-carcass components, and carcass regional and tissue composition of an indigenous sheep (Pantaneiro) of different physiological stages (gender, age, system production. Thirty sheep, eleven lambs, nine wethers, and ten cull ewes were used. The lambs were finished in feedlots, the wethers were maintained on pastures and supplementation, and the cull ewes were maintained on an extensive pasture system with mineral salt ad libitum. Slaughter ages were defined to simulate the most representative products and farming systems. Animals were slaughtered and classified as non- castrated lambs, wethers, and cull ewes. The criteria to slaughter lambs and wethers were the body condition, which ranged from 2.5 to 3.0. Cull ewes were slaughtered based on negative pregnancy diagnosis, regardless of their body condition, which ranged from 4.0 to 4.5. All animals were slaughtered after 16-hours of fasting (solids). The ewes presented the greatest fat thickness, differing significantly from the lambs. The morphometric measures were higher in ewes and lambs. The muscle to fat ratio of the animal’s cuts from different physiological stages presented no significant differences. The indigenous Pantaneiro sheep have good potential for meat production regardless of their physiological stages. The ewes stood out, presenting carcasses with good performance considering their potential and longer permanence in the herd due to their reproductive function.

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