scholarly journals Discrimination study between the carcass and non-carcass components for interaction between gender, age, and production system in indigenous sheep

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (6supl2) ◽  
pp. 3931-3946
Author(s):  
Poliana Campos Burin ◽  
◽  
Jessica de Oliveira Monteschio ◽  
Ariadne Patrícia Leonardo ◽  
Marcio Rodrigues de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
The Body ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Tissue Composition ◽  
Indigenous Sheep ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Ad Libitum

The objective of this work was to evaluate the yields, morphometric measures, carcass, and non-carcass components, and carcass regional and tissue composition of an indigenous sheep (Pantaneiro) of different physiological stages (gender, age, system production. Thirty sheep, eleven lambs, nine wethers, and ten cull ewes were used. The lambs were finished in feedlots, the wethers were maintained on pastures and supplementation, and the cull ewes were maintained on an extensive pasture system with mineral salt ad libitum. Slaughter ages were defined to simulate the most representative products and farming systems. Animals were slaughtered and classified as non- castrated lambs, wethers, and cull ewes. The criteria to slaughter lambs and wethers were the body condition, which ranged from 2.5 to 3.0. Cull ewes were slaughtered based on negative pregnancy diagnosis, regardless of their body condition, which ranged from 4.0 to 4.5. All animals were slaughtered after 16-hours of fasting (solids). The ewes presented the greatest fat thickness, differing significantly from the lambs. The morphometric measures were higher in ewes and lambs. The muscle to fat ratio of the animal’s cuts from different physiological stages presented no significant differences. The indigenous Pantaneiro sheep have good potential for meat production regardless of their physiological stages. The ewes stood out, presenting carcasses with good performance considering their potential and longer permanence in the herd due to their reproductive function.

scholarly journals Meat Production in a Feedlot System of Zebu—Holstein Steers and Heifers with Dairy Genetics: Productive and Biological Analyses

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Chamon de Castro Menezes ◽  
Sebastião de Campos Valadares Filho ◽  
José Reinaldo Mendes Ruas ◽  
Edenio Detmann ◽  
Arismar de Castro Menezes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat Thickness ◽  
Fat Thickness

The aim of this study was to evaluate the productive and biological efficiency of steers and heifers from dairy genetics in a feedlot system in terms of meat production. Twenty-four steers and 24 heifers at 10 monthes of age, (3/4) Zebu × (1/4) Holstein were utilized. They were distributed over four feedlot times, 30, 60, 90, and 120 days with four replications for each sex, and were slaughtered at the end of each period. The productive and biological analyses were performed through comparative slaughter to determine the body composition. Heifers presented with greater intakes (P<0.05) of dry matter in grams per kg of body weight. Steers presented with a greater (P<0.05) final empty body weight, carcass gain, cold carcass weight, and meat proportion in the carcass; however, heifers presented with a greater subcutaneous fat thickness (P<0.05) and, consequently, a greater (P<0.05) fat proportion in the carcass. We conclude that steers are more efficient in their productive performance than heifers in a feedlot. For the finishing carcass fat cover, heifers need 90 days in the feedlot. The net energy requirements for maintenance are 67 kcal/EBW0.75/d, and the net requirements of energy (NEg) and protein (NPg) for gain can be estimated by the following equations:NEg(Mcal/d)=0.067×EBW0.75×  EBG1.095andNPg=162×EBG-5.62×REfor the two sexes.

scholarly journals Effect of restricted feeding under rearing on reproduction, body condition and blood metabolites of rabbit does selected for growth rate

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 303 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Naturil-Alfonso ◽  
F. Marco-Jiménez ◽  
J.J. Pascual ◽  
J.S. Vicente
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Young Rabbit ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Perirenal Fat

Young rabbit females selected for growth rate can have nutritional needs which may not be met by the common practice of feed restriction during rearing in commercial rabbit production. The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of two different feeding programmes: restricted and ad libitum feeding, applied in young rabbit females for one month at the end of rearing, on reproductive performance, body condition and circulating metabolic hormones and metabolites in a rabbit line selected by growth rate in 3 consecutive reproductive cycles. Thus, twenty-four 16-week-old does were randomly assigned to a group in which the daily recommended nutrient intakes were satisfied (fed restricted: 130 g/day, n=13) or a group fed to satiety (ad libitum: 235.5 g/day, n=11) during one month. Then, all does were inseminated in 3 consecutive cycles using a 42-day reproductive cycle. Measurements of does’ body weight, perirenal fat thickness and plasma leptin, non-esterified-fatty-acids (NEFA), beta-hydroxybutyrate (BOHB) and fructosamine were performed at artificial insemination (AI), parturition and weaning time in 3 consecutive cycles. Reproductive performance of does was evaluated based on fertility, litter size at parturition, prolificacy and productivity. Differences in body weight were found only in the 1<sup>st</sup> cycle, ad libitum fed females being heavier than restricted ones. Nevertheless, body weight variances disappeared in later cycles. No differences were found in perirenal fat thickness. Finally, in ad libitum fed females slight differences were found in plasma levels of NEFAs (452 vs. 258 μekv/L and 527 vs. 306 μekv/L for 1<sup>st</sup> and 2<sup>nd</sup> cycles) and BOHB (0.26 vs. 0.03 mM for 2<sup>nd</sup> cycle), but disappeared in the 3<sup>rd</sup> reproductive cycle. Fertility, prolificacy and productivity was not significantly affected by the feeding programme. Nevertheless, total litter size showed to be higher in ad libitum fed females at second parturition (8.7 vs. 5.9 kits). Therefore, the evaluated feeding programmes until first AI in females selected by growth rate had no effect on their reproductive outcomes, as the global reproductive performance was not affected.

Effect of ewe body condition and nutrition in late pregnancy on the performance of triplet-bearing ewes and their progeny

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 557 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Kenyon ◽  
S. T. Morris ◽  
K. J. Stafford ◽  
D. M. West
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Breeding Period ◽  
Subsequent Performance ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Ad Libitum Feeding ◽  
Production Response

The aim of the present study was to determine the production response of triplet-bearing ewes and their lambs to two differing feeding treatments in mid to late pregnancy and to determine the effect of ewe body condition. Ninety-two days after the start of their breeding period (P92) triplet-bearing ewes, were allocated to either a Medium (n = 72) or ad libitum (‘Adlib’, n = 72) feeding treatment until P113, followed by both groups being merged and offered ad libitum feeding conditions until lambing. The Medium feeding treatment was designed to ensure pre- and postgrazing herbage masses were below 1200 and 1000 kg DM/ha, respectively. Each feeding treatment included ewes from the following body condition score groups: 2.0 or less (CS ≤2.0), 2.5 (CS2.5) or 3.0 or greater (CS ≥3.0). At P113, Medium ewes were lighter (P < 0.05) and had lower (P < 0.05) body condition scores than Adlib ewes (72.4 ± 0.80 vs 75.2 ± 0.85 kg and 2.8 ± 0.06 vs 3.3 ± 0.06, respectively). However, at P141 liveweight no longer differed (P > 0.05, 86.2 ± 0.94 vs 86.6 ± 0.99 kg, respectively), although a small difference in condition score remained (P < 0.05, 3.0 ± 0.07 vs 3.3 ± 0.08, respectively). Ewe feeding treatment had no effect (P > 0.05) on lamb liveweight or survival or ewe liveweight and body condition during lactation. Ewe body condition score group had no effect (P > 0.05) on lamb birthweight. Lambs born to CS2.5 group ewes were heavier 70 days after the midpoint of lambing (L70) than those born to CS ≤2.0 group ewes (20.9 ± 0.41 vs 19.6 ± 0.36 kg, respectively), although they displayed lower survival to L70 (56.0 vs 69.5%). Liveweight at L70 and survival of lambs born to CS ≥3.0 group ewes (20.0 ± 0.39 kg and 61.7%) did not differ (P > 0.05) from those born to either CS ≤2.0 or CS2.5 group ewes. In conclusion, these results suggest triplet-bearing ewes can be maintained under restricted feeding conditions until at least Day 113 of pregnancy without negatively affecting ewe or lamb performance when they are subsequently offered unrestricted feeding for the remainder of pregnancy and during lactation. Under these grazing conditions the body condition of triplet-bearing ewes had little to no effect on their subsequent performance or that of their lambs.

scholarly journals In vivo and carcass characteristics of goats and sheep sold for slaughter in Ceará State

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 3369
Author(s):  
Ítalo Araújo Albuquerque ◽  
Arturo Bernardo Selaive Villarroel ◽  
Elzânia Sales Pereira ◽  
Marcílio Costa Teixeira ◽  
Elisabeth Mary Cunha da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
The Body ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Mixed Breed ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
The Mean

<p>This study was conducted to evaluate the <em>in vivo </em>and carcass characteristics of goats and sheep sold for slaughter, which originated from different regions of Ceará State, Brazil. Thirty-six (36) mixed-breed, uncastrated male animals (18 goats and 18 sheep), acquired from street markets, which were raised in an extensive production system from the regions of Quixadá, Sobral, and Tauá, were used in this experiment. Before slaughter, the animals were weighed, and body measurements were taken and the body condition score was assessed. Post-slaughter, the carcasses were weighed, morphometric measurements were obtained, and the commercial cuts were weighed and their yields were calculated. The mean <em>in vivo </em>body weight was 23.83 ± 3.76 kg for the goats and 25.22 ± 5.25 kg for the sheep; the body condition score was close to 2, and the mean age was 12 months, with no differences between the species. No differences were found between species and origin for the weights and yields of carcass or for chilling loss. The carcass conformation values were considered poor, and the fat cover was classified as too lean, with the goat carcasses considered superior to the sheep carcasses in these respects. The sheep had higher values for loin-eye area, subcutaneous fat thickness, and weight and proportion of leg than the goats. Mixed-breed goats and sheep reared in extensive systems in Ceará State and sold in street markets in the capital, irrespective of their origin, reach their slaughter weight at an advanced age and with a lean body condition, resulting in carcasses of a low quality, with a low muscle content and poor fat cover. In the extensive conditions of the state of Ceará, animals of the ovine species have a greater ability for meat production than caprine species.</p>

Claw disorders in dairy cattle – an unexpected association between energy metabolism and sole haemorrhages

2016 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrin Wilhelm ◽  
Jürgen Wilhelm ◽  
Manfred Fürll
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
The Body ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Fat Thickness

The present study investigated whether changes of energy metabolism post-partum (pp) are associated with claw health. For this purpose, back-fat-thickness (BFT) was measured and blood samples were taken from 146 cows at four examination times. The serum levels of free fatty acids (FFA), ß-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) and glucose were measured. Furthermore, in the first week postpartum (pp) and at 8 weeks pp, a claw trimming was done and the presence and extent of sole haemorrhages (SH) was recorded. Animals with high BFT at calving and therefore high fat mobilisation and whose FFA and BHB levels in the first week pp exceeded the reference values had fewer pathological changes of the claws than thinner animals whose FFA and BHB levels stayed within reference ranges. The body condition before calving, represented in this study by BFT, plays an important role in non-infectious claw disorders. Poorer body condition was found to be associated with the SH that develop in the first 2 months of lactation.

Effect of weaning strategy on performance, behaviour and blood parameters of yak calves (Poephagus grunniens)

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peipei Liu ◽  
Shujie Liu ◽  
Allan Degen ◽  
Qiang Qiu ◽  
Quanmin Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Early Weaning ◽  
Calf Performance ◽  
Ad Libitum

Early weaning can improve the body condition and reproductive performance of cows, but can be very stressful to both the calf and cow. The objectives of this study were to examine and compare the performance, behaviour and blood parameters of yak calves that were weaned using different methods. Twenty-six calves (94.3 ± 2.4 days old) were assigned to four weaning treatments: (1) weaned naturally following ad libitum sucking (NW, n = 13); (2) weaned abruptly and separated permanently from their mothers (AW, n = 5); (3) separated temporarily from their mothers for 15 days and then reunited (TW, n = 5); and (4) fitted with nose plates to prevent sucking for 15 days but allowed free access to their mothers (NP, n = 3). Girth size, as a measure of calf performance, was largest in NW and AW calves, intermediate in NP calves and smallest in TW calves. This indicated that the AW calves were able to consume adequate energy to compensate for the absence of milk. The weaned calves (TW and NP) spent more time grazing and, in general, played less than NW calves. In addition, TW calves stood more but walked less, whereas NP calves lay more but grazed and stood less than NW calves. Blood insulin was lower on Day 19 in the TW calves than in the other three treatments. We concluded that abrupt and permanent weaning was an appropriate strategy for yak calves on the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau.

scholarly journals PENGARUH MUTASI PADA GEN LEPTIN TERHADAP TEBAL LEMAK PUNGGUNG DAN SKOR KONDISI TUBUH PADA SAPI PERANAKAN ONGOLE

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Nena Hilmia ◽  
Dedi Rahmat ◽  
Muhammad Fatah Wiyatna ◽  
Dudi Dudi ◽  
Riki Akbar Rosidin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
The Body ◽  
Backfat Thickness ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Mutation on leptin gene affect leptin function as  one of the hormones  which contribute to body fat deposition.  This research aims to determine the effect of R25C and R25H mutations on the leptin gene toward  back fat thickness and Body Condition Score (BCS) in Ongole Grade cattle. The study was conducted with a quasi-experimental method, using completely randomized design. The treatments in this study were genotypes differences was, namely CC, TT and AA.  This research used  sixthteen heads of Ongole Grade Cattle  aged ± 2 years, and was reared for 60 days intensively. The feed  consisted of forage and concentrate with a ratio of 25: 75, as much as 3% dry matter of body weight and drinking water was given ad libitum. The backfat thickness was estimated using ultrasound performed on 4.5-6.5 MHz frequency, with depth of 8.8-13 cm, BCS was assessed visually by using 1 – 5 score.  The backfat thickness data were analyzed by variance component and BCS data was analyzed by Kruskal Wallis. The results showed average of backfat  thickness  CC, TT and AA genotype were  3.14 mm,  2.9 mm and 3.57 mm, respectively. The  body condition score for CC, TT and AA genotype were  3.54, 3.63 and 3.46  respectively.  The Mutation of leptin gene on  R25C and R25H have not effect to backfat thickness and body condition score in PO cattle.   

The use of acidifying agents Aquasafe and Veleguard when rearing of broiler chickens

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-27
Author(s):  
L. Gamko ◽  
T. Tarinskaya
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
The Body ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Broiler Meat

It is known that necessary to replace the components of organic acids, which are part of acidifiers when drinking water to poultry in order to prevent the adaptation of microbes in the gastrointestinal tract. In the poultry industry organic acids are widely used, which are used as acidifiers to preserve the properties of water consumed. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of broiler meat production when using acidifying agents of drinking water Aquasafe and Veleguard. The experimental part of the work has been performed in JSC “Kurinoe Tsarstvo-Bryansk” broiler area “Roshcha” in the Pochepsky district. The object of research was the livestock of broiler chickens cross Cobb 500 at floor housing. The effect of water acidifiers on meat productivity has been studied. Groups of chickens have been formed on the principle of pairs-analogues. Broiler chickens of experimental groups have been separated from the main livestock by a grid in the corner of the room for 100 heads in each group. It has been found by a result of research to be optimal dose usage of acidifying agents water Aquasafe and Veleguard to drink to broiler chickens. The positive effect of these acidifiers on the digestion of crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, contributing to the effective use of nitrogen, which led to an increase in the intensity of growth, young animals’ livability and improved feed conversion. Slaughter yield in the control group was 55,1 %, and in the experimental group 57,2 and 58,4 %, which was by 2,1 and 3,3 % higher with the same level of metabolic energy and nutrients. In chickens that consumed acidifi ers more intensively used nutrients feed for deposition in the body of the components of the carcass, which affected the production. A positive impact of acidifying agents Aquasafe and Veleguard on meat quality in broiler chickens has been found.

scholarly journals Low Power Contactless Bioimpedance Sensor for Monitoring Breathing Activity

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 2081
Author(s):  
Marko Pavlin ◽  
Franc Novak ◽  
Gregor Papa
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Medical Application ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
The Body ◽  
Frequency Change ◽  
Tissue Composition ◽  
Medical Sector ◽  
Bioimpedance Measurement ◽  
Wide Operating

An electronic circuit for contactless detection of impedance changes in a tissue is presented. It operates on the principle of resonant frequency change of the resonator having the observed tissue as a dielectric. The operating frequency reflects the tissue dielectric properties (i.e., the tissue composition and on the tissue physiological changes). The sensor operation was tested within a medical application by measuring the breathing of a patient, which was an easy detectable physiological process. The advantage over conventional contact bioimpedance measurement methods is that no direct contact between the resonator and the body is required. Furthermore, the sensor’s wide operating range, ability to adapt to a broad range of measured materials, fast response, low power consumption, and small outline dimensions enables applications not only in the medical sector, but also in other domains. This can be extended, for example, to food industry or production maintenance, where the observed phenomena are reflected in dynamic dielectric properties of the observed object or material.

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