Impact of China's referral reform on the equity and spatial accessibility of healthcare resources: A case study of Beijing

2019 ◽  
Vol 235 ◽  
pp. 112386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Lu ◽  
Zixiao Zhang ◽  
Xiuting Lan
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Accessibility ◽  
Healthcare Resources

scholarly journals Rapidly Measuring Spatial Accessibility of COVID-19 Healthcare Resources: A Case Study of Illinois, USA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeon-Young Kang ◽  
Alexander Michels ◽  
Fangzheng Lyu ◽  
Shaohua Wang ◽  
Nelson Agbodo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Science ◽  
Spatial Accessibility ◽  
Healthcare Personnel ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Healthcare Resources ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Public Health Practitioners ◽  
Improve Access

AbstractThe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), causing the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, has infected millions of people and caused hundreds of thousands of deaths. While COVID-19 has overwhelmed healthcare resources (e.g., healthcare personnel, testing resources, hospital beds, and ventilators) in a number of countries, limited research has been conducted to understand spatial accessibility of such resources. This study fills this gap by rapidly measuring the spatial accessibility of COVID-19 healthcare resources with a particular focus on Illinois, USA. Specifically, the rapid measurement is achieved by resolving computational intensity of an enhanced two-step floating catchment area (E2SFCA) method through a parallel computing strategy based on cyberGIS (cyber geographic information science and systems). The study compared the spatial accessibility measures for COVID-19 patients to those of general population, identifying which geographic areas need additional healthcare resources to improve access. The results also help delineate the areas that may face a COVID-19-induced shortage of healthcare resources caused by COVID-19. The Chicagoland, particularly the southern Chicago, shows an additional need for resources. Our findings are relevant for policymakers and public health practitioners to allocate existing healthcare resources or distribute new resources for maximum access to health services.

scholarly journals Rapidly measuring spatial accessibility of COVID-19 healthcare resources: a case study of Illinois, USA

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeon-Young Kang ◽  
Alexander Michels ◽  
Fangzheng Lyu ◽  
Shaohua Wang ◽  
Nelson Agbodo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Science ◽  
Spatial Accessibility ◽  
Healthcare Personnel ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Healthcare Resources ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Population Ratio ◽  
Public Health Practitioners

Abstract Background The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), causing the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, has infected millions of people and caused hundreds of thousands of deaths. While COVID-19 has overwhelmed healthcare resources (e.g., healthcare personnel, testing resources, hospital beds, and ventilators) in a number of countries, limited research has been conducted to understand spatial accessibility of such resources. This study fills this gap by rapidly measuring the spatial accessibility of COVID-19 healthcare resources with a particular focus on Illinois, USA. Method The rapid measurement is achieved by resolving computational intensity of an enhanced two-step floating catchment area (E2SFCA) method through a parallel computing strategy based on cyberGIS (cyber geographic information science and systems). The E2SFCA has two major steps. First, it calculates a bed-to-population ratio for each hospital location. Second, it sums these ratios for residential locations where hospital locations overlap. Results The comparison of the spatial accessibility measures for COVID-19 patients to those of population at risk identifies which geographic areas need additional healthcare resources to improve access. The results also help delineate the areas that may face a COVID-19-induced shortage of healthcare resources. The Chicagoland, particularly the southern Chicago, shows an additional need for resources. This study also identified vulnerable population residing in the areas with low spatial accessibility in Chicago. Conclusion Rapidly measuring spatial accessibility of healthcare resources provides an improved understanding of how well the healthcare infrastructure is equipped to save people’s lives during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings are relevant for policymakers and public health practitioners to allocate existing healthcare resources or distribute new resources for maximum access to health services.

MEASURING SPATIAL HEALTHCARE FACILITIES ACCESSIBILITY USING TWO-STEP FLOATING CATCHMENT ANALYSIS (2SFCA) (Case Study: Cianjur Regency, Indonesia)

2021 ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Muhamad Iqbal Januadi Putra ◽  
Nabila Dety Novia Utami
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Quality Of Healthcare ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Spatial Accessibility ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Spatial Disparities ◽  
Time Threshold

The presence of healthcare facilities is quite essential to provide good healthcare services in a particular area, however, the existence of healthcare facilities is not evenly distributed in Cianjur Regency. This condition leads to the disparities of healthcare facilities across the Cianjur Regency. In this paper, we aim to measure and map the spatial disparities of healthcare facilities using a Two-Step Floating Catchment Analysis (2SFCA). This method can calculate the magnitude of spatial accessibility for healthcare facilities by formulating the travel time threshold and the quality of healthcare facilities across the study area. This research shows the result that the spatial accessibility of healthcare facilities in the Cianjur Regency is not evenly distributed across the districts. The spatial accessibility value resulted from 2SFCA is ranging from 0- 3.97. A low value indicates low spatial accessibility, while a higher value shows good accessibility. The majority of districts in the Cianjur Regency have the spatial accessibility value 0-0.5 (86%). Meanwhile, only a few have the higher value; value 0.5-0.99 as much as 6.6%, 0.99-1.49 as 3.3%, and 3.48-3.97 has a percentage of 3.3%. Also, this analysis results in the cluster of good spatial accessibility in healthcare facilities, namely the Pagelaran District and Cipanas District. Interestingly, the downtown of Cianjur Regency has lower spatial accessibility compared to both areas.

scholarly journals Evaluating Spatial Accessibility to General Hospitals with Navigation and Social Media Location Data: A Case Study in Nanjing

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 2752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianlu Qian ◽  
Jie Chen ◽  
Ang Li ◽  
Jiechen Wang ◽  
Dingtao Shen
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Transit Time ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Spatial Accessibility ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Basic Unit ◽  
General Hospitals ◽  
Important Indicator

Spatial accessibility to general hospitals is an important indicator of the convenience and ability of residents to obtain medical services. Therefore, developing a model for measuring accessibility to general hospitals by multiple transportation modes is necessary. In this study, considering that the increase in travel time will reduce the attractiveness of general hospitals, we used the Two-Step Floating Catchment Area with the Gaussian attenuation function, in which the supply was presented by capacity of hospitals (i.e., number of beds), and the demand was presented by population in each grid derived with social media data mapping real-time locations of active users. The Gaussian Two-Step Floating Catchment Area (Ga2SFCA) simulates the attenuation tendency of the general hospital service capabilities over transit time. To obtain a highly precise understanding of accessibility to hospitals, transit time on Baidu Maps’ navigation service was used as the impedance condition, and the study area was divided into 1 square kilometer grids as the basic unit of research. Taking Nanjing city as a case study, it is found that the accessibility distribution shape changes from a multi-centered circular pattern to a multi-peak distribution, as the time threshold increases. By comparing the accessibility among 11 districts varying from main urban area to suburbs, the accessibility to general hospitals in Nanjing is significantly regionally unbalanced in both travel modes. By calculating and mapping the Modal Accessibility Gap (MAG) of the two travel modes, different modes of transportation resulted in different general hospital accessibility distributions. Generally, private car is superior in access to general hospitals to public transit in most areas. In the central area, public traffic may not contribute to the access to medical services as much as we thought, rather it plays a role in areas far from hospitals along metro lines and bus routes.

scholarly journals Changing Regional Inequality Patterns in Western China: A Case Study of Xinjiang

Complexity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Xianhong Qin ◽  
Hui Zou ◽  
Lei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
High Probability ◽  
Regional Inequality ◽  
Spatial Accessibility ◽  
Western China ◽  
Development Pattern ◽  
Interregional Inequality ◽  
North Part ◽  
Development Levels

Regional inequality in western China has been rarely examined and has risen as an important issue in the Chinese academic circle. This study, taking Xinjiang as a case, investigated regional inequality in Xinjiang since the 1990s. The results show that the interregional inequality became more prominent, while the overall regional disparities among counties and cities have experienced an inverted U-shape path and have been mainly caused by the inequality of the intra-north part of the province. Counties with high economic development levels were mainly located in northern Xinjiang and had a high probability of further moving economic levels. We further found that the regional development pattern in Xinjiang was significantly associated with spatial accessibility, followed by population density and urbanization factors. This paper deepens our understanding of the complex pattern and mechanism of regional inequality in western China, and local specific policies, therefore, are needed to solve the problem.

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