scholarly journals On transition of type V interaction in double-wedge flow with non-equilibrium effects

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 282-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wentao Xiong ◽  
Yujian Zhu ◽  
Xisheng Luo
Keyword(s):  
Double Wedge ◽  
Wedge Flow ◽  
Type V ◽  
Non Equilibrium

scholarly journals Shock interactions in inviscid air and $$\hbox {CO}_2$$–$$\hbox {N}_2$$ flows in thermochemical non-equilibrium

Shock Waves ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Garbacz ◽  
W. T. Maier ◽  
J. B. Scoggins ◽  
T. D. Economon ◽  
T. Magin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Species ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Ideal Gas ◽  
Shock Interaction ◽  
Interaction Patterns ◽  
Shock Interactions ◽  
Wave Interference ◽  
Type V ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Non Equilibrium

AbstractThe present study aims at providing insights into shock wave interference patterns in gas flows when a mixture different than air is considered. High-energy non-equilibrium flows of air and $$\hbox {CO}_2$$ CO 2 –$$\hbox {N}_2$$ N 2 over a double-wedge geometry are studied numerically. The impact of freestream temperature on the non-equilibrium shock interaction patterns is investigated by simulating two different sets of freestream conditions. To this purpose, the SU2 solver has been extended to account for the conservation of chemical species as well as multiple energies and coupled to the Mutation++ library (Multicomponent Thermodynamic And Transport properties for IONized gases in C++) that provides all the necessary thermochemical properties of the mixture and chemical species. An analysis of the shock interference patterns is presented with respect to the existing taxonomy of interactions. A comparison between calorically perfect ideal gas and non-equilibrium simulations confirms that non-equilibrium effects greatly influence the shock interaction patterns. When thermochemical relaxation is considered, a type VI interaction is obtained for the $$\hbox {CO}_2$$ CO 2 -dominated flow, for both freestream temperatures of 300 K and 1000 K; for air, a type V six-shock interaction and a type VI interaction are obtained, respectively. We conclude that the increase in freestream temperature has a large impact on the shock interaction pattern of the air flow, whereas for the $$\hbox {CO}_2$$ CO 2 –$$\hbox {N}_2$$ N 2 flow the pattern does not change.

scholarly journals Simulations of Unsteady Three-Dimensional Hypersonic Double-Wedge Flow Experiments

AIAA Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
pp. 4055-4067
Author(s):  
John D. Reinert ◽  
Graham V. Candler ◽  
Jeffrey R. Komives
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Double Wedge ◽  
Wedge Flow ◽  
Flow Experiments

On Type VI–V transition in hypersonic double-wedge flows with thermo-chemical non-equilibrium effects

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 086104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Li ◽  
Yujian Zhu ◽  
Xisheng Luo
Keyword(s):  
Double Wedge ◽  
Non Equilibrium

Unsteady behavior and thermochemical non equilibrium effects in hypersonic double-wedge flows

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Ninni ◽  
Francesco Bonelli ◽  
Gianpiero Colonna ◽  
Giuseppe Pascazio
Keyword(s):  
Double Wedge ◽  
Unsteady Behavior ◽  
Non Equilibrium

The diagnosis of metabolic storage disease in skin biopsies (a light-, electronmicroscopic, and analytical study)

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 648-649
Author(s):  
W. Jurecka ◽  
W. Gebhart ◽  
H. Lassmann
Keyword(s):  
Storage Disease ◽  
Hunter Syndrome ◽  
Histochemical Demonstration ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Type I ◽  
Storage Material ◽  
Scheie Syndrome ◽  
Storage Products ◽  
Skin Biopsies ◽  
Type V

Diagnosis of metabolic storage disease can be established by the determination of enzymes or storage material in blood, urine, or several tissues or by clinical parameters. Identification of the accumulated storage products is possible by biochemical analysis of isolated material, by histochemical demonstration in sections, or by ultrastructural demonstration of typical inclusion bodies. In order to determine the significance of such inclusions in human skin biopsies several types of metabolic storage disease were investigated. The following results were obtained.In MPS type I (Pfaundler-Hurler-Syndrome), type II (Hunter-Syndrome), and type V (Ullrich-Scheie-Syndrome) mainly “empty” vacuoles were found in skin fibroblasts, in Schwann cells, keratinocytes and macrophages (Dorfmann and Matalon 1972). In addition, prominent vacuolisation was found in eccrine sweat glands. The storage material could be preserved in part by fixation with cetylpyridiniumchloride and was also present within fibroblasts grown in tissue culture.

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