Performance of porcine corneal opacity and permeability assay to predict eye irritation for water-soluble cosmetic ingredients

Glutamic acid (GA) content was measured in cultured Hep G2 cells, after treatment of the cells with test compounds. The results with 37 chemicals were compared with their respective rabbit eye irritation data, of which 17 were determined according to the OECD test, and the other 20 in range-finding studies. The chemicals were mainly organic solvents (alcohols, esters, amines, acids and others). The xenobiotics were applied to the cells for 4 hours at 5 different concentrations. The cells were then incubated for 15 minutes with tritiated GA. GA uptake inhibition was measured by liquid scintillation counting, and the results were expressed as the GI50 value, which is the concentration of test compound required to induce a 50% reduction in GA uptake. A linear correlation coefficient r = 0.66 was found between the log GI50 and the mean corneal opacity scores. This value is comparable to that obtained in total protein and uridine uptake inhibition studies. However, r = 0.81 was found when the log GI50 was compared with range-finding scores, indicating that a closer relationship exists between cytotoxicity and the latter.

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Effect of Poly(L-lysine) and Heparin Coatings on the Surface of Polyester-Based Particles on Prednisolone Release and Biocompatibility

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics13060801 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 801

Author(s):

Abdelrahman Mohamed ◽

Viktor Korzhikov-Vlakh ◽

Nan Zhang ◽

André Said ◽

Iuliia Pilipenko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Molecular Diffusion ◽

Corneal Opacity ◽

Testing Strategy ◽

Release Process ◽

Irritation Test ◽

Model Drug ◽

Novel Drug ◽

Permeability Assay

A plethora of micro- and nanoparticle types are currently investigated for advanced ocular treatment due to improved drug retention times, higher bioavailability and better biocompatibility. Yet, comparative studies of both physicochemical and toxicological performance of these novel drug delivery systems are still rare. Herein, poly(L-lactic acid)- and poly(ε-caprolactone)-based micro- and nanoparticles were loaded with prednisolone as a model drug. The physicochemical properties of the particles were varied with respect to their hydrophilicity and size as well as their charge and the effect on prednisolone release was evaluated. The particle biocompatibility was assessed by a two-tier testing strategy, combining the EpiOcularTM eye irritation test and bovine corneal opacity and permeability assay. The biodegradable polyelectrolyte corona on the particles’ surface determined the surface charge and the release rate, enabling prednisolone release for at least 30 days. Thereby, the prednisolone release process was mainly governed by molecular diffusion. Finally, the developed particle formulations were found to be nontoxic in the tested range of concentrations.

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Same-chemical comparison of nonanimal eye irritation test methods: Bovine corneal opacity and permeability, EpiOcular™, isolated chicken eye, ocular Irritection®, OptiSafe™, and short time exposure

Toxicology in Vitro ◽

10.1016/j.tiv.2020.105070 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 72 ◽

pp. 105070

Author(s):

Stewart Lebrun ◽

Linda Nguyen ◽

Sara Chavez ◽

Roxanne Chan ◽

Debby Le ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Corneal Opacity ◽

Test Methods ◽

Eye Irritation ◽

Time Exposure ◽

Irritation Test ◽

Short Time

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Ultradeformable vesicles: concepts and applications relating to the delivery of skin cosmetics

Therapeutic Delivery ◽

10.4155/tde-2021-0044 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Andang Miatmoko ◽

Qurrota Ayunin ◽

Widji Soeratri

Keyword(s):

Skin Aging ◽

Water Soluble ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Active Ingredients ◽

Self Confidence ◽

Skin Delivery ◽

Cosmetic Ingredients ◽

Insight Into

Skin aging is a phenomenon resulting in reduced self-confidence, thus becoming a major factor in social determinants of health. The use of active cosmetic ingredients can help prevent skin aging. Transfersomes are well known to be capable of deeply penetrating the dermis. This scoping review provides an insight into transfersomes and their prospective use in anti-aging cosmetics. Numerous reports exist highlighting the successful skin delivery of therapeutic agents such as high-molecular-weight, poorly water soluble and poorly permeable active ingredients by means of transfersomes. Moreover, in vitro and in vivo studies have indicated that transfersomes increase the deposition, penetration and efficacy of active ingredients. However, the use of transfersomes in the delivery of active cosmetic ingredients is limited. Considering their similar physicochemical properties, transfersomes should possess considerable potential as a delivery system for anti-aging cosmetics.

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