scholarly journals Mobility-on-demand versus fixed-route transit systems: An evaluation of traveler preferences in low-income communities

2021 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
pp. 481-495
Author(s):  
Xiang Yan ◽  
Xilei Zhao ◽  
Yuan Han ◽  
Pascal Van Hentenryck ◽  
Tawanna Dillahunt
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Transit Systems ◽  
On Demand

A Study on Demand for Micro Insurance for Low-Income Households in Disaster-Prone Areas of Indonesia

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viverita . ◽  
Ririen Setiati Rianti ◽  
Abdurrahman Sunanta ◽  
Ida Ayu Agung Faradynawati
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Micro Insurance ◽  
Low Income Households

scholarly journals Food Stamp Participation Among Low-Income Households: Theoretical Considerations of the Impact on the Demand for Food

1975 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ron Mittelhammer ◽  
Donald A. West
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Low Income ◽  
The United States ◽  
Food Stamps ◽  
Food Stamp ◽  
World War ◽  
On Demand ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Theoretical Considerations ◽  
Direct Distribution

The USDA's Food Stamp Program (FSP) is a major item in the department's budget. In effect from 1939 to 1943 and revived as a pilot program in 1961, FSP has grown until, in 1973, it provided nearly $4 billion in food stamps to an average of 12 million persons per month. About 55 percent of the $4 billion is federal subsidy. The program is continuing to expand as a result of a congressional mandate that FSP be in effect nationwide after June 30, 1974. Because of the FSP's growth, questions are now being asked about the program's impact on demand for food in the United States.In its pre-World War II inception, FSP was developed as an alternative to direct distribution of commodities to relief families. Although the objective of improving food consumption among needy households was recognized, FSP was viewed primarily as a method for stimulating demand for farm products.

Equity Analysis and New Mobility Technologies: Toward Meaningful Interventions

2020 ◽  
pp. 088541222095519
Author(s):  
Matthew Palm ◽  
Steven Farber ◽  
Amer Shalaby ◽  
Mischa Young
Keyword(s):  
Social Equity ◽  
Active Travel ◽  
Transit Systems ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Equity Analysis ◽  
The Social ◽  
Transit Services ◽  
Transit Agencies ◽  
Bike Share

Transit agencies in multiple countries have started piloting the integration of new mobility technologies (NMTs) into their transit services. This article reviews the emerging evidence from NMT-based transit pilots to identify the social equity impacts of NMT–transit integration. We focus on ride-hailing, on-demand transit, microtransit, and active travel NMTs like dockless bike share. We find evidence that three of these technologies have the potential to improve the social equity of transit systems, but we note that most agency pilots do not explicitly measure equity impacts. We offer recommendations on how future pilots should frame equity measurement to yield policy-relevant insights.

Moving Rural Residents to Work

2005 ◽  
Vol 1903 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eileen S. Stommes ◽  
Dennis M. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Welfare Recipients ◽  
Support Programs ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Transit Systems ◽  
Transportation Services

Rural areas present special challenges for meeting the transportation needs of individuals, especially people without cars. Congress established the Job Access and Reverse Commute (JARC) program in 1998 to assist states and localities in developing transportation services to connect welfare recipients and other low-income residents to jobs and other support programs. There are key results of a study examining eight rural areas receiving JARC funding in Fiscal Year 1999. Specific program elements include the implementation process, transportation services provided, and solutions developed to deal with the challenges of distance and low population densities that rural transit systems frequently face.

scholarly journals Assessing Preference Heterogeneity for Mobility-on-Demand Transit Service in Low-Income Communities: A Latent Segmentation Based Decision Tree Method

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xilei Zhao ◽  
Xinyi Wang ◽  
Xiang Yan ◽  
Zhuoxuan Cao
Keyword(s):  
Decision Tree ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Stated Preference ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Preference Heterogeneity ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Transit System ◽  
Transit Service ◽  
On Demand

Abstract The future of public transit service is often envisioned as Mobility-on-Demand (MOD), i.e., a system that integrates fixed routes and shared on-demand shuttles. The MOD transit system has the potential to provide better transit service with higher efficiency and coverage. However, little research has focused on understanding traveler preferences for MOD transit and preference heterogeneity, especially among the disadvantaged population. This study addresses this gap by proposing a two-step method, called latent segmentation based decision tree (LSDT). This method first uses a latent class cluster analysis (LCCA) that extracts traveler profiles who have similar usage patterns for shared modes. Then, decision trees (DT) are adopted to reveal the associations between various factors with preferences for MOD transit across different clusters. We collected stated-preference data among two low-resource communities, i.e., Detroit and Ypsilanti, Michigan. The LCCA model divides the entire sample into three clusters, i.e., shared-mode users, shared-mode non-users, and transit-only users. We find that job accessibility by transit is the most important variable for all the cluster-specific DT to model the MOD transit preference, and it negatively associated with the MOD transit preference. For transit-only users, gender and car ownership are the second-important variables, but neither of them appears in the DT for the other two clusters. In particular, female transit-only users have lower preference for MOD transit, possibly due to safety concerns. The LSDT method can generate richer insights than a single DT fitted to the overall sample by better accounting for heterogeneity. The findings gained from this approach can inform better-targeted strategies to plan for MOD transit services.

scholarly journals Resiliency of on-demand multimodal transit systems during a pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 133 ◽  
pp. 103418
Author(s):  
Ramon Auad ◽  
Kevin Dalmeijer ◽  
Connor Riley ◽  
Tejas Santanam ◽  
Anthony Trasatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transit Systems ◽  
On Demand

scholarly journals Calibration of Transit Operations Planning (TOP) Model and Evaluation of Bus Transit Route Performance in Riyadh

1997 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
P.A. Koushki ◽  
G.A. Ali ◽  
Y.A. Al-Nuaim
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Public Transit ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Transit Systems ◽  
Bus Transit ◽  
Transit Ridership ◽  
Operational Variables ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Impact

Public transit systems provide mobility for a large percentage of urban residents very cost-effectively and with minimum negative impact on the environment. ln spite of their vital and indispensable services; however , The majority of transit systems worldwide suffer from financial neglect and are forced to rely heavily on government subsidies for survival. In response to the rapidly shrinking funds and subsidy levels transit managements have to focus attention on ways to improve service operations. The management of public transit systems in Saudi Arabia is no exception to this trend. This study is aimed at evaluating the service performance of a sample of regular (fixed-route, fixed schedule) bus transit routes in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Utilizing a microcomputer-based program, the bus transit service operational measures of fare, headway, vehicle size and routing were analyzed. To account for the socio-economic and cultural differences of transit ridership in Riyadh, time/cost elasticities of demand as well as walk time and bus travel time parameters of the model were calibrated. Evaluation of the impact of changes in service operational measures suggested that no change in operational variables could improve the very low productivity of one of the sample study routes. A cost-reduction strategy which includes the use of smaller vehicles and less-frequent service runs should improve the low productivity of this route. Findings also indicated that a small increase in fare would pay for the total operation and maintenance costs of the other routes. The authors, however, do not recommend an increase in fare for a variety of reasons; the low income level of the captive riderships, the enormous financial resources of the country , and the multi-dimentional role of transit systems in providing urban mobility with minimum negative impacts on the  environment.

scholarly journals Anti-Democratic Spaces and Impoverishment: Role of Roads in Low-Income Residential Areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 15-32
Author(s):  
Allison John ◽  
Mabel Allison ◽  
Dennis Ejike Amadi ◽  
Crispin Allison
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Environmental Leadership ◽  
Transit Systems ◽  
Urban City ◽  
Central Business Districts ◽  
Democratic Spaces

This article identifies the low-income group as eco-friendly in terms of their favoured transit systems. Despite the group’s eco-friendly and sustainable attributes, they suffer the most in their use of urban spaces, in low-cost housings and in transportation planning, in particular the roads. There is corruption among others who push for road dominance in the infrastructure. There is a call for action in developing the following: greater transparency, democratic approaches, and compact developments with a rich juxtaposition of greenery enhancing pedestrian corridors. Community spaces connecting working areas with the Central Business Districts (CBD) and high densities residencies to be developed are popular and more sustainable options. A pragmatic contextual sensitive approach is demanded. Downsizing road networks within low-income neighbourhoods can empower the poor and their community, while simultaneously mitigating the risk of corruption generated by the development of roads. The problem is global; operational, managerial and strategic in scope with the capacities of enterprising urban poor being wasted in urban-city governance. The recommendations target stopping the conversation of critical government policies into mere rhetoric. Flooding, housing, education, and public health were identified areas for strategic intervention. The Rand study and a review of the DG SANCO EU report was adapted as the approach to this research. ‘Co-petition’ and collaboration among government authorities, built-up professionals, and inclusiveness of targeted population remains imperative; even so, the review of academic curricular and methods towards environmental leadership for sustainability shifts from planning for cities and cars to planning for humans.

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