Influence of diet and water supply on mineral content and pH within the large intestine of horses with enterolithiasis

Several goals can be considered when optimizing blends from multiple water resources for urban water supplies. Concentration-response relationships from the literature indicate that a changed water quality can cause impacts on health, lifetime of consumer goods and use of water additives like softeners. This paper describes potential economic consequences of diluting Copenhagen's drinking water with desalinated water. With a mineral content at 50% of current levels, dental caries and cardiovascular diseases are expected to increase by 51 and 23% respectively. Meanwhile, the number of dish and clothes washer replacements is expected to decrease by 14%. In economic terms these changes are equal to 24–85% of water production costs in 2005. Our calculations further indicate that the economic impact from changing the water quality can be at least as significant as the change in operating costs going from fresh water based to desalinated water supply. Large uncertainties prevent the current results from being used for or against desalination as an option for Copenhagen's water supply. In the future, more impacts and an uncertainty analysis will be added to the assessment.

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INCIDENCE OF SIMPLE GOITRE IN AREAS OF ENDEMIC FLUOROSIS

Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1677/joe.0.0200101 ◽

1960 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 101-105 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

A. H. SIDDIQUI

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Water Supply ◽

Mineral Content ◽

Endemic Goitre ◽

Endemic Fluorosis

SUMMARY The results of analyses of the mineral content of drinking water from three Indian villages with endemic fluorosis, surveyed for the incidence of thyroid enlargement, are reported. With the possible exception of temporary thyroid enlargement encountered in pubertal subjects (type b, see text, p. 105), no relation was found between the incidence of endemic goitre and fluorine in the water supply.

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Turbidity, Plankton and Mineral Content of the Detroit Water Supply

American Water Works Association ◽

10.1002/j.1551-8833.1931.tb17843.x ◽

1931 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 435-444 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Bert Hudgins

Keyword(s):

Water Supply ◽

Mineral Content

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Enumeration and Identification of Asbestos Fibres in Water

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010005264x ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

pp. 526-527 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

O. Mudroch ◽

J. R. Kramer

Keyword(s):

Water Supply ◽

Water Samples ◽

Drainage Basin ◽

Lake Superior ◽

Research Work ◽

List Type ◽

The West ◽

Asbestos Fibre ◽

Amphibole Asbestos

Approximately 60,000 tons per day of waste from taconite mining, tailing, are added to the west arm of Lake Superior at Silver Bay. Tailings contain nearly the same amount of quartz and amphibole asbestos, cummingtonite and actinolite in fibrous form. Cummingtonite fibres from 0.01μm in length have been found in the water supply for Minnesota municipalities.The purpose of the research work was to develop a method for asbestos fibre counts and identification in water and apply it for the enumeration of fibres in water samples collected(a) at various stations in Lake Superior at two depth: lm and at the bottom.(b) from various rivers in Lake Superior Drainage Basin.

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Bacterial biofilm behavior in water-supply lines of dental units

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100124811 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 882-883

Author(s):

B.D. Tall ◽

K.S. George ◽

R. T. Gray ◽

H.N. Williams

Keyword(s):

Water Supply ◽

Medical Devices ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Bacterial Biofilm

Studies of bacterial behavior in many environments have shown that most organisms attach to surfaces, forming communities of microcolonies called biofilms. In contaminated medical devices, biofilms may serve both as reservoirs and as inocula for the initiation of infections. Recently, there has been much concern about the potential of dental units to transmit infections. Because the mechanisms of biofilm formation are ill-defined, we investigated the behavior and formation of a biofilm associated with tubing leading to the water syringe of a dental unit over a period of 1 month.

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