Impact of Patient's Self-Viewing of Flexible Cystoscopy on Pain Using a Visual Analog Scale in a Randomized Controlled Trial

For patients with adhesive capsulitis, hydrodilatation is typically performed using corticosteroids with ultrasound guidance via the posterior glenohumeral recess. Recently, a new intervention technique via the rotator cuff interval has been described. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of hydrodilatation with triamcinolone acetonide via the posterior glenohumeral recess and the rotator cuff interval in patients with adhesive capsulitis. This prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted in a tertiary care center with a follow-up period of 12 weeks. We enrolled 64 patients diagnosed with shoulder adhesive capsulitis. The subjects were randomly assigned to two groups that received hydrodilatation with corticosteroids either through the posterior glenohumeral recess or though the rotator cuff interval. The injection contained 4 ml of triamcinolone acetonide (40 mg) mixed with 4 ml of 2% lidocaine hydrochloride and 12 ml of normal saline. The shoulder pain and disability index, visual analog scale for pain, and range of motion were analyzed before and at 6 and 12 weeks after the treatment. Both groups experienced improvements in the visual analog scale scores, shoulder pain and disability index scores, and range of motion throughout the study period. A significant group-time interaction was observed in terms of the visual analog scale for pain during motion (p = 0.019), favoring hydrodilatation through the rotator cuff interval. Thus, hydrodilatation through the rotator cuff interval might be a better treatment option than that through the posterior glenohumeral recess for patients with adhesive capsulitis, considering its superior effect in alleviating pain during shoulder movement.

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The Effectiveness of the Mézières Method in Elite Rhythmic Gymnastics Athletes With Low Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Journal of Sport Rehabilitation ◽

10.1123/jsr.2019-0204 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 (7) ◽

pp. 913-919

Author(s):

Orges Lena ◽

Jasemin Todri ◽

Ardita Todri ◽

José Luis Martínez Gil ◽

Maria Gomez Gallego

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Low Back Pain ◽

Back Pain ◽

Visual Analog Scale ◽

Effect Size ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Low Back ◽

Analog Scale ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Rhythmic Gymnastics

Context: One of the main reasons why athletes with a high physical condition suffer from low back pain disease is because they often participate in sports that involve disc compression movements during flexion, lifting loads, or torsion movement. Objectives: This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the postural treatment of the Mézières method on elite rhythmic gymnastics athletes with low back pain. Design: Double-blind, randomized, controlled trial. Setting: The sports hall of “Puente Tocinos,” Murcia, Spain. Participants: Ninety gymnastics athletes were randomized into 2 parallel groups (intervention: n = 39; control: n = 51), of whom 98.9% were women (women = 89; man = 1). Intervention: The Mézières method postural therapy was implemented. It lasted about 60 minutes in repeated sessions of 2 to 3 meetings per week by counting in overall 60 sessions during a 24-week period. Main Outcome Measures: Visual analog scale of pain, sit and reach flexibility test, Runtastic (pedometer performance android application), Roland–Morris Questionnaire for the physical disability, and the Health Status Questionnaire were used. Results: The univariate analysis of variance and independent sample t test revealed a significant improvement in the intervention group concerning the visual analog scale pain assessment scale (P < .05, ), and, also, the between-groups effect size was high during the 24 sessions of treatment (d > 0.8) compared with the control one. The same situation persists even for Roland–Morris Questionnaire (P < .05, ), physical score (P < .05, ), mental score (P < .05, ), sit and reach flexibility test (P < .05, ), and Runtastic performance (P < .05, ), where the between-groups effect size was high during the 24 sessions of treatment (d > 0.8). Conclusion: The Mézières method treatment performed on athletes with low back pain has caused positive effects on all the outcomes analyzed compared with the ones of control group.

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Comparison between intra-articular Botulinum toxin type A, corticosteroid, and saline in knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial

Clinical Rehabilitation ◽

10.1177/0269215519827996 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 33 (6) ◽

pp. 1015-1026 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Jamille Godoy Mendes ◽

Jamil Natour ◽

José Carlos Nunes-Tamashiro ◽

Sandra Regina Toffolo ◽

André Rosenfeld ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Botulinum Toxin ◽

Knee Osteoarthritis ◽

Visual Analog Scale ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Botulinum Toxin Type A ◽

Botulinum Toxin Type ◽

Analog Scale ◽

Synovial Hypertrophy ◽

Randomized Controlled

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of intra-articular injection (IAI) with Botulinum toxin type A (BTA), triamcinolone hexacetonide (TH), and saline in primary knee osteoarthritis. Design: A randomized controlled trial, with blinded patients and assessor. Setting: Outpatient rheumatology service. Subjects: Patients with knee osteoarthritis grades II and III. Interventions: Patients received IAI with 100 IU BTA, 40 mg TH, or isotonic saline solution (SS) 0.9%. Main measures: Patients were assessed at baseline and at 4, 8, and 12 weeks with the following instruments: visual analog scale for pain during movement (VASm; primary outcome) and visual analog scale for pain at rest (VASr), Western Ontario & McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) questionnaire, 6-minute walk test, Timed Up and Go test, Short Form (SF)-36 questionnaire, range of motion of knee, and ultrasound (US) measurement of synovial hypertrophy. Results: In total, 105 patients were randomized, with 35 in each group; 96 were female (91.4%) and 9 were male (8.6%), with a mean age of 64.2 years (±6.9). At 12 weeks, the TH group showed better results only for VASm. At four weeks, the TH group showed better results than the BTA and SS groups for VASm (–68.9% (37.8) vs. –35.3% (40.3) vs. –35.9% (51.4)), WOMAC pain (–56.0% (30.7) vs. –30.8% (34.3) vs. –30.0% (39.9)), WOMAC stiffness (–53.4% (38.4) vs. –17.2% (59.3) vs. –17.3% (78.1)), WOMAC function (–48.2% (34.6) vs. 30.8% (33.6) vs. –13.6% (64.9)), WOMAC total score (–51.2% (31.0) vs. –30.9% (30.0) vs. –18.8% (54.8)), and US measurement of synovial hypertrophy (–11.6% (44.9) vs. –1.5% (47.9) vs. +28.6% (81.3)). Conclusion: IAI with TH had a higher effectiveness than that with TBA or SS in the short-term assessment (four weeks) for pain in movement, WOMAC, and US measurement of synovial hypertrophy.

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Effect of Chewing Gum on Pain Following Orthodontic Elastomeric Separators Placement: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2021.6782 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (D) ◽

pp. 143-148

Author(s):

Ahmed I. Abdul-Aziz

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Visual Analog Scale ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Chewing Gum ◽

Horizontal Line ◽

Pain Level ◽

Analog Scale ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Pain Scores ◽

The Difference

AIM: The aim of the study was to investigate whether chewing gum (CG) can reduce pain as compared to non-CG (NG) after orthodontic elastomeric separators placement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty patients were randomly allocated in a ratio of 1:1 to CG group (mean age = 21.82 ± 0.87 years) and NG group (mean age = 22.31 ± 1.09 years). Patients in the CG group were instructed to chew sugar-free gum for 10 min immediately after separators placement and then at 8-h intervals for 1 week, while the patients in the NG group were instructed not to chew any type of gum for the duration of the study. Patients in the two groups were asked not to use any type of analgesics. The patients were asked to register their pain level using a 10-cm horizontal line visual analog scale at 2 h, 6 h, bedtime, 24 h, and then daily for 1 week after separators placement. RESULTS: The data from 53 patients (27 in the NG group and 26 in the CG group) were analyzed. The pain scores were significantly lower in CG as compared to NG at 2 h, 6 h, bedtime, 24 h, and 2 days after separators placement. From day 3 to the end of the week duration of the study, the pain scores stayed lower in the CG group, but the difference was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: CG significantly reduced pain resulting from orthodontic elastomeric separators placement as compared to non-CG controls.

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Effectiveness of Aromatherapy for Relief of Pain, Nausea, and Vomiting after Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Complementary Medicine Research ◽

10.1159/000508333 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (6) ◽

pp. 440-448

Author(s):

Mojdeh Amirhosseini ◽

Mahlagha Dehghan ◽

Parvin Mangolian Shahrbabaki ◽

Hamid Pakmanesh

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy ◽

Complementary Therapies ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

The Other ◽

Nausea And Vomiting ◽

Control Group ◽

Analog Scale ◽

Randomized Controlled

Background: Postoperative pain, nausea, and vomiting are common side effects of percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Nowadays, non-pharmacological and complementary therapies have been noticed. Therefore, a study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of lavender and clary sage on the pain, nausea, and vomiting after percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Methods: This is a randomized clinical trial study on 79 patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Patients were randomly divided into three groups of lavender aromatherapy (n = 27), clary sage aromatherapy (n = 26), and a control group (n = 26). Each of the intervention groups received the inhalation aromatherapy immediately and 3 and 6 h after the operation. Pain, nausea, and emetic episodes in patients of the three groups were measured before the intervention and 30 min after each intervention using a visual analog scale and checklist. Results: Pain decreased significantly in the clary sage aromatherapy group. Nausea had a downward trend in the two groups of aromatherapy. The lavender aromatherapy group had the lowest incidence of emetic episodes compared to the other groups. Conclusion: Regarding the annoying pain, nausea, and vomiting after percutaneous nephrolithotomy for patients, and taking into account the complications of drug therapy, the use of complementary non-pharmacological methods can help increase the comfort of patients.

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A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial of Irrigation “Bag Squeeze” to Manage Pain for Patients Undergoing Flexible Cystoscopy

The Journal of Urology ◽

10.1097/ju.0000000000001139 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 204 (5) ◽

pp. 1012-1018

Author(s):

Mohamad Baker Berajoui ◽

Ishan Aditya ◽

JaimeOmar Herrera-Caceres ◽

Yazan Qaoud ◽

Katherine Lajkosz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Flexible Cystoscopy ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial

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The effect of nature sounds and earplugs on anxiety in patients following percutaneous coronary intervention: A randomized controlled trial

European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing ◽

10.1177/1474515119858826 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (8) ◽

pp. 651-657 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kamile Akarsu ◽

Ayşegül Koç ◽

Nurcan Ertuğ

Keyword(s):

Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ◽

Visual Analog Scale ◽

State Anxiety ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Coronary Intervention ◽

Control Group ◽

Percutaneous Coronary Interventions ◽

Analog Scale ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Percutaneous Coronary

Background: Percutaneous coronary interventions cause anxiety in patients, although these procedures are lifesaving. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of nature sounds and earplug interventions on the anxiety of patients after percutaneous coronary interventions. Methods: A randomized controlled trial design was used in this study. A total of 114 patients who were scheduled to undergo percutaneous coronary intervention were allocated to three groups in a randomized manner: two intervention groups (nature sound group, earplug group) and one control group. The Visual Analog Scale, State Anxiety Inventory and physiological parameters were used to measure anxiety. Data were collected from the patients at three time points: immediately before, immediately after and 30 minutes after the interventions. Results: The respiratory rates and the Visual Analog Scale and State Anxiety Inventory scores of patients in the nature sound and earplug groups immediately after and 30 minutes after the interventions were significantly lower than those of the control group ( p < 0.05). No differences were found when comparing respiratory rates, Visual Analog Scale scores and State Anxiety Inventory scores between patients in the nature sound group and patients in the earplug group ( p > 0.05). No changes were observed in the pulse and systolic/diastolic blood pressure values of patients in the control and intervention groups ( p > 0.05). Conclusions: It was determined that nature sounds and earplug interventions are effective in reducing the anxiety of patients following percutaneous coronary intervention.

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