scholarly journals Effect of Chewing Gum on Pain Following Orthodontic Elastomeric Separators Placement: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (D) ◽  
pp. 143-148
Author(s):  
Ahmed I. Abdul-Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Visual Analog Scale ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Chewing Gum ◽  
Horizontal Line ◽  
Pain Level ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
The Difference

AIM: The aim of the study was to investigate whether chewing gum (CG) can reduce pain as compared to non-CG (NG) after orthodontic elastomeric separators placement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty patients were randomly allocated in a ratio of 1:1 to CG group (mean age = 21.82 ± 0.87 years) and NG group (mean age = 22.31 ± 1.09 years). Patients in the CG group were instructed to chew sugar-free gum for 10 min immediately after separators placement and then at 8-h intervals for 1 week, while the patients in the NG group were instructed not to chew any type of gum for the duration of the study. Patients in the two groups were asked not to use any type of analgesics. The patients were asked to register their pain level using a 10-cm horizontal line visual analog scale at 2 h, 6 h, bedtime, 24 h, and then daily for 1 week after separators placement. RESULTS: The data from 53 patients (27 in the NG group and 26 in the CG group) were analyzed. The pain scores were significantly lower in CG as compared to NG at 2 h, 6 h, bedtime, 24 h, and 2 days after separators placement. From day 3 to the end of the week duration of the study, the pain scores stayed lower in the CG group, but the difference was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: CG significantly reduced pain resulting from orthodontic elastomeric separators placement as compared to non-CG controls.

scholarly journals Ultrasound-Guided Hydrodilatation With Triamcinolone Acetonide for Adhesive Capsulitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing the Posterior Glenohumeral Recess and the Rotator Cuff Interval Approaches

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-Chi Wang ◽  
Po-Yi Tsai ◽  
Po-Cheng Hsu ◽  
Jian-Ru Huang ◽  
Kevin A. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Rotator Cuff ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Triamcinolone Acetonide ◽  
Shoulder Pain ◽  
Visual Analog Scale ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Adhesive Capsulitis ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Randomized Controlled

For patients with adhesive capsulitis, hydrodilatation is typically performed using corticosteroids with ultrasound guidance via the posterior glenohumeral recess. Recently, a new intervention technique via the rotator cuff interval has been described. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of hydrodilatation with triamcinolone acetonide via the posterior glenohumeral recess and the rotator cuff interval in patients with adhesive capsulitis. This prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted in a tertiary care center with a follow-up period of 12 weeks. We enrolled 64 patients diagnosed with shoulder adhesive capsulitis. The subjects were randomly assigned to two groups that received hydrodilatation with corticosteroids either through the posterior glenohumeral recess or though the rotator cuff interval. The injection contained 4 ml of triamcinolone acetonide (40 mg) mixed with 4 ml of 2% lidocaine hydrochloride and 12 ml of normal saline. The shoulder pain and disability index, visual analog scale for pain, and range of motion were analyzed before and at 6 and 12 weeks after the treatment. Both groups experienced improvements in the visual analog scale scores, shoulder pain and disability index scores, and range of motion throughout the study period. A significant group-time interaction was observed in terms of the visual analog scale for pain during motion (p = 0.019), favoring hydrodilatation through the rotator cuff interval. Thus, hydrodilatation through the rotator cuff interval might be a better treatment option than that through the posterior glenohumeral recess for patients with adhesive capsulitis, considering its superior effect in alleviating pain during shoulder movement.

The Effectiveness of the Mézières Method in Elite Rhythmic Gymnastics Athletes With Low Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 913-919
Author(s):  
Orges Lena ◽  
Jasemin Todri ◽  
Ardita Todri ◽  
José Luis Martínez Gil ◽  
Maria Gomez Gallego
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Visual Analog Scale ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Rhythmic Gymnastics

Context: One of the main reasons why athletes with a high physical condition suffer from low back pain disease is because they often participate in sports that involve disc compression movements during flexion, lifting loads, or torsion movement. Objectives: This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the postural treatment of the Mézières method on elite rhythmic gymnastics athletes with low back pain. Design: Double-blind, randomized, controlled trial. Setting: The sports hall of “Puente Tocinos,” Murcia, Spain. Participants: Ninety gymnastics athletes were randomized into 2 parallel groups (intervention: n = 39; control: n = 51), of whom 98.9% were women (women = 89; man = 1). Intervention: The Mézières method postural therapy was implemented. It lasted about 60 minutes in repeated sessions of 2 to 3 meetings per week by counting in overall 60 sessions during a 24-week period. Main Outcome Measures: Visual analog scale of pain, sit and reach flexibility test, Runtastic (pedometer performance android application), Roland–Morris Questionnaire for the physical disability, and the Health Status Questionnaire were used. Results: The univariate analysis of variance and independent sample t test revealed a significant improvement in the intervention group concerning the visual analog scale pain assessment scale (P < .05, ), and, also, the between-groups effect size was high during the 24 sessions of treatment (d > 0.8) compared with the control one. The same situation persists even for Roland–Morris Questionnaire (P < .05, ), physical score (P < .05, ), mental score (P < .05, ), sit and reach flexibility test (P < .05, ), and Runtastic performance (P < .05, ), where the between-groups effect size was high during the 24 sessions of treatment (d > 0.8). Conclusion: The Mézières method treatment performed on athletes with low back pain has caused positive effects on all the outcomes analyzed compared with the ones of control group.

Comparison between intra-articular Botulinum toxin type A, corticosteroid, and saline in knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1015-1026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamille Godoy Mendes ◽  
Jamil Natour ◽  
José Carlos Nunes-Tamashiro ◽  
Sandra Regina Toffolo ◽  
André Rosenfeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Visual Analog Scale ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type A ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Synovial Hypertrophy ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of intra-articular injection (IAI) with Botulinum toxin type A (BTA), triamcinolone hexacetonide (TH), and saline in primary knee osteoarthritis. Design: A randomized controlled trial, with blinded patients and assessor. Setting: Outpatient rheumatology service. Subjects: Patients with knee osteoarthritis grades II and III. Interventions: Patients received IAI with 100 IU BTA, 40 mg TH, or isotonic saline solution (SS) 0.9%. Main measures: Patients were assessed at baseline and at 4, 8, and 12 weeks with the following instruments: visual analog scale for pain during movement (VASm; primary outcome) and visual analog scale for pain at rest (VASr), Western Ontario & McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) questionnaire, 6-minute walk test, Timed Up and Go test, Short Form (SF)-36 questionnaire, range of motion of knee, and ultrasound (US) measurement of synovial hypertrophy. Results: In total, 105 patients were randomized, with 35 in each group; 96 were female (91.4%) and 9 were male (8.6%), with a mean age of 64.2 years (±6.9). At 12 weeks, the TH group showed better results only for VASm. At four weeks, the TH group showed better results than the BTA and SS groups for VASm (–68.9% (37.8) vs. –35.3% (40.3) vs. –35.9% (51.4)), WOMAC pain (–56.0% (30.7) vs. –30.8% (34.3) vs. –30.0% (39.9)), WOMAC stiffness (–53.4% (38.4) vs. –17.2% (59.3) vs. –17.3% (78.1)), WOMAC function (–48.2% (34.6) vs. 30.8% (33.6) vs. –13.6% (64.9)), WOMAC total score (–51.2% (31.0) vs. –30.9% (30.0) vs. –18.8% (54.8)), and US measurement of synovial hypertrophy (–11.6% (44.9) vs. –1.5% (47.9) vs. +28.6% (81.3)). Conclusion: IAI with TH had a higher effectiveness than that with TBA or SS in the short-term assessment (four weeks) for pain in movement, WOMAC, and US measurement of synovial hypertrophy.

scholarly journals “Enhanced recovery after surgery – ERAS in elective craniotomies-a non-randomized controlled trial”

BMC Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anirudh Elayat ◽  
Sritam S. Jena ◽  
Sukdev Nayak ◽  
R. N. Sahu ◽  
Swagata Tripathy
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Enhanced Recovery ◽  
Enhanced Recovery After Surgery ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Early Recovery ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
High Dependency

Abstract Background Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) is a multimodal perioperative care bundle aimed at the early recovery of patients. Well accepted in gastric and pelvic surgeries, there is minimal evidence in neurosurgery and neurocritical care barring spinal surgeries. We wished to compare the length of intensive care unit (ICU) or high dependency unit (HDU) stay of patients undergoing elective craniotomy for supratentorial neurosurgery: ERAS protocol versus routine care. The secondary objective was to compare the postoperative pain scores, opioid use, glycemic control, and the duration of postoperative hospital stay between the two groups. Methods In this pragmatic non-randomized controlled trial (CTRI/2017/07/015451), consenting adult patients scheduled for elective supratentorial intracranial tumor excision were enrolled prospectively after institutional ethical clearance and consent. Elements-of-care in the ERAS group were- Preoperative –family education, complex-carbohydrate drink, flupiritine; Intraoperative – scalp blocks, limited opioids, rigorous fluid and temperature regulation; Postoperative- flupiritine, early mobilization, removal of catheters, and initiation of feeds. Apart from these, all perioperative protocols and management strategies were similar between groups. The two groups were compared with regards to the length of ICU stay, pain scores in ICU, opioid requirement, glycemic control, and hospital stay duration. The decision for discharge from ICU and hospital, data collection, and analysis was by independent assessors blind to the patient group. Results Seventy patients were enrolled. Baseline demographics – age, sex, tumor volume, and comorbidities were comparable between the groups. The proportion of patients staying in the ICU for less than 48 h after surgery, the cumulative insulin requirement, and the episodes of VAS scores > 4 in the first 48 h after surgery was significantly less in the ERAS group – 40.6% vs. 65.7%, 0.6 (±2.5) units vs. 3.6 (±8.1) units, and one vs. ten episodes (p = 0.04, 0.001, 0.004 respectively). The total hospital stay was similar in both groups. Conclusion The study demonstrated a significant reduction in the proportion of patients requiring ICU/ HDU stay > 48 h. Better pain and glycemic control in the postoperative period may have contributed to a decreased stay. More extensive randomized studies may be designed to confirm these results. Trial registration Clinical Trial Registry of India (CTRI/2018/04/013247), registered retrospectively on April 2018.

Role of Chewing Gum in Reducing Postoperative Ileus after Reversal of Ileostomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samiullah Bhatti ◽  
Yusra Jahangir Malik ◽  
Shabbar Hussain Changazi ◽  
Usman Ali Rahman ◽  
Awais Amjad Malik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Postoperative Ileus ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Chewing Gum ◽  
Randomized Controlled

scholarly journals Randomized Controlled Trial of Chewing Gum for Weight Loss

Obesity ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 547-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Shikany ◽  
Amy S. Thomas ◽  
Raymond O. McCubrey ◽  
T. Mark Beasley ◽  
David B. Allison
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Chewing Gum ◽  
Randomized Controlled

scholarly journals Liposomal bupivacaine addition versus standard bupivacaine alone for colorectal surgery: a randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yar L Yeap ◽  
John Wolfe ◽  
Jennifer Stewart ◽  
Amy McCutchan ◽  
Gulraj Chawla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Colorectal Surgery ◽  
Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgery ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Liposomal Bupivacaine ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Quadratus Lumborum ◽  
Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Registration Number

Aim: This study evaluated use of liposomal bupivacaine (LB) versus standard bupivacaine (SB) alone in quadratus lumborum (QL) blocks for laparoscopic colorectal surgery. Materials & methods: In this prospective, randomized controlled trial, patients received QL1 blocks with either LB (40 ml 0.125% SB plus 20 ml of LB) or SB (60 ml of 0.25% SB) with 30 ml per side. Opioid usage, pain scores, side effects and other medications were recorded. Results: For 78 patients (38 LB; 40 SB), all parameters were similar between groups, except that the LB group had a higher 48 h need for metoclopramide. Conclusion: LB provided no analgesic benefit over SB alone for QL blocks. Clinical Trials registration number: NCT03702621

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